低影响开发模式下的城市分流制雨水系统设计研究

发布时间：2018-04-13 08:04

本文选题：低影响开发技术 + 雨水管设计流量　；参考：《重庆大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来，随着水资源短缺、城市内涝频发和初雨污染等问题日益突出，，雨水利用和排放技术工程得到越来越多的关注和应用，特别是低影响开发技术得到了迅速的发展，我国的室外排水设计规范也越来越多地关注雨水的排放和低影响开发技术的应用。低影响开发技术的应用会减小汇水区域的径流系数，改变汇水区域的集水时间，从而使雨水排放和利用系统与传统的分流制排水系统相比差异甚大，故当采用低影响开发技术时，雨水管渠设计流量及调蓄池容积的计算公式均需可能会有变化。而我国过去和现行的《室外排水设计规范》并未对低影响开发下雨水排放和利用系统的设计给出系统的方法，因此迫切要求对低影响开发模式下分流制雨水系统的管渠设计流量及调蓄池容积的计算方法开展研究。本文对国内外雨水利用工程情况及调蓄池容积的计算方法进行了综述和分析，并理论分析了低影响模式下雨水管设计流量及调蓄池的容积计算方法，在此基础上利用SWMM模型模拟了低影响开发技术对径流总量、径流峰值的削减效果及对污染物的去除效果，取得了以下研究成果： ①对不同类型分流制系统的雨水调蓄池进行了分析，提出了分流制下不同的雨水调蓄池系统，并在总结国内外雨水调蓄池容积计算方法的基础上，给出了适用于我国的雨水调蓄池容积计算程序和方法。 ②对低影响开发技术的类型进行了系统分析，并分别针对设有生物滞留设施、雨水渗透设施（分雨水管渠设计重现期P小于等于和大于雨水渗透设施设计重现期两种情况）、贮留利用设施的分流制雨水排水管渠设计流量及调蓄池容积和设调蓄池的后续管渠的计算公式。 ③以重庆市某片区为对象，研究了利用暴雨径流管理模型（SWMM模型）对应用低影响开发技术的雨水系统的设计方法，对采用低影响开发技术前后的径流及污染削减情况进行了比较，计算得出，当设计降雨重现期为5a~20a时，35.07%的下凹式绿地对径流容量的削减率为34%~42%，11.88%的渗透性铺装对径流容量的削减率为23%~23.5%，28.91%的绿色屋顶对径流容量的削减率为46.99%~47.40%；35.07%的下凹式绿地对TSS、COD、TN的去除率分别为15.3%~23%、14.06~22.9%、14.41%~28.41%；11.88%的渗透性铺装对TSS、COD、TN的去除率分别为23%~23.5%、20.17%~24.33%、25.2%~27.43%；28.91%的绿色屋顶对TSS、COD、TN的去除率分别为44.37%~47.93%、44.14%~47.19%、49.8%~51.48%。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the shortage of water resources, frequent urban waterlogging and primary rain pollution and other problems, Rain Water has been paid more and more attention to and application of the technology of utilization and discharge, especially the low-impact development technology has been developed rapidly.The outdoor drainage design code of our country also pays more and more attention to Rain Water's discharge and the application of low impact development technology.The application of low-impact development technology will reduce the runoff coefficient of catchment area and change the catchment time of catchment area, thus making Rain Water's discharge and utilization system very different from the traditional distributary system and drainage system.Therefore, when the low impact development technology is adopted, the calculation formulas of the design flow rate and the volume of the storage tank may change.However, in the past and present in China, the "Outdoor drainage Design Code" has not provided a systematic method for the design of low-impact development and rainwater discharge and utilization systems.Therefore, it is urgent to study the design flow and storage tank volume of Rain Water system under low impact development mode.This paper summarizes and analyzes Rain Water's engineering situation and calculation method of storage tank volume, and theoretically analyzes the calculation method of rainwater pipe design discharge and storage tank volume under low influence mode.On this basis, the SWMM model is used to simulate the effects of low impact development technology on total runoff, runoff peak value reduction and pollutant removal, and the following research results are obtained:The main contents are as follows: (1) the Rain Water storage pool of different types of distributary system is analyzed, and the different Rain Water storage pool system under the shunt system is put forward, and on the basis of summing up the capacity calculation method of Rain Water storage pool at home and abroad,The program and method for calculating the volume of Rain Water storage tank are given.(2) the types of low-impact development techniques are systematically analyzed, and the biological detention facilities are respectively used.Rain Water percolation facility (design recurrence period P < equal to and greater than Rain Water percolation facility design recurrence period), the diversion system of storage and utilization facilities, the design flow rate and the volume and adjustment of the storage and storage tankThe calculation formula of the subsequent pipe and canal of the storage tank.Taking a certain area of Chongqing as an example, the design method of Rain Water system with low impact development technology was studied by using storm runoff management model and SWMM model.The runoff and pollution reduction before and after the use of low-impact development technology are compared and calculated.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TV213.9;TU992

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