深圳地区商场建筑节能潜力分析及优化

发布时间：2018-04-16 02:03

本文选题：商场建筑 + 建筑节能　；参考：《华北水利水电大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着经济的高速迅猛发展,我国公共建筑数量越来越多,用能水平也越来越高,改善公共建筑的高能耗问题已逐渐受到社会各界的广泛关注。商场建筑由于对舒适性的要求较高,照明与设备负荷大,全年供冷时间长等特点,其单位面积能耗指标通常比其他类型建筑高。及时发现商场建筑的用能漏洞,找寻最可靠的节能措施,对解决商场现存的能耗问题至关重要。本文通过对深圳地区商场的调研结合eQUEST软件模拟,对商场的能耗进行预测分析,为最大限度发掘节能潜力,合理确定用能标准提供一定的理论基础。本文首先对深圳地区六栋商场进行现场调研,包括建筑基本信息、用能特点等,调研样本的能耗指标在130.1~358.9 kWh/(m~2·a)之间,用能差异较大,照明与空调系统能耗占比最大,主要存在空调系统全年人工控制,空调设备定流量工频运行,冷冻水供回水温差小及照明设备功率密度大等问题,说明深圳地区商场建筑存在很大节能空间。为深入分析空调系统的节能潜力,采用eQUEST模拟软件建立一栋典型商场的标准模型,以该模型为基础,定量分析围护结构、内部负荷、空调系统能效等各因素对空调能耗的影响,依据统计学算法对各因素进行显著性分析并确定各个因素的主次,从能耗影响因子的分析结果来看,围护结构传热系数对空调能耗的影响较小,外窗遮阳系数及窗墙比对建筑能耗的影响较显著,内部负荷及空调能效影响因素对建筑能耗的影响也比较明显,根据分析结果提出了相应的节能运行策略。对一栋典型商场案例进行分析,该商场改造前能耗指标为263.08 kWh/(m~2·a),对照明及空调系统改造后全年共可实现节能量110万kWh左右,节能效果比较明显。利用eQUEST能耗模拟软件对该商场改造前后的能耗进行模拟,从模拟结果来看,照明能耗与模拟值误差较小,空调能耗与模拟值差异略大,但是在节能方案选择初期通过软件模拟方式确定建筑节能量仍然是可行的。通过本文的分析可以为深圳市商场建筑的节能改造及定额的制定提供一定的参考价值。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy, the number of public buildings in our country is more and more, and the level of energy use is becoming higher and higher. The problem of improving the high energy consumption of public buildings has been paid more and more attention by all walks of life.The energy consumption per unit area of market buildings is usually higher than that of other types of buildings because of its high requirements for comfort, heavy lighting and equipment loads and long cooling time throughout the year.It is very important to find the most reliable energy saving measures to solve the problem of energy consumption.Based on the investigation of shopping malls in Shenzhen area and the simulation of eQUEST software, this paper forecasts and analyzes the energy consumption of shopping malls, which provides a certain theoretical basis for maximizing the potential of energy saving and rationally determining the standard of energy use.In this paper, first of all, six shopping malls in Shenzhen are investigated on the spot, including the basic building information, the characteristics of energy use and so on. The energy consumption index of the investigated sample is between 130.1 and 358.9 kWh/(m~2 a. There is a great difference in energy use and the proportion of energy consumption between lighting and air conditioning system is the largest.There are many problems such as manual control of air conditioning system throughout the year, constant flow of air conditioning equipment running at power frequency, small temperature difference between cold water supply and backwater supply and large power density of lighting equipment, which indicates that there is a great energy saving space in the building of shopping mall in Shenzhen area.In order to analyze the energy saving potential of air conditioning system, a standard model of a typical shopping mall is established by using eQUEST simulation software. Based on the model, the influence of various factors, such as envelope structure, internal load and energy efficiency of air conditioning system, on air conditioning energy consumption is quantitatively analyzed.According to the statistical algorithm, the significance of each factor is analyzed and the primary and secondary factors are determined. From the results of the analysis of the factors affecting energy consumption, the heat transfer coefficient of the envelope structure has little effect on the energy consumption of air conditioning.The influence of exterior window shade coefficient and window wall ratio on building energy consumption is significant, and the influence of internal load and air conditioning energy efficiency on building energy consumption is also obvious. According to the analysis results, the corresponding energy saving operation strategy is put forward.The energy consumption index of a typical shopping mall is 263.08 kWh/(m~2 / a. The energy saving of lighting and air conditioning system is about 1.1 million kWh in the whole year, and the energy saving effect is obvious.The energy consumption before and after the renovation of the shopping mall is simulated by using the eQUEST energy consumption simulation software. From the simulation results, the error between the lighting energy consumption and the simulated value is small, and the difference between the air conditioning energy consumption and the simulation value is slightly larger.However, it is still feasible to determine building energy saving by software simulation in the early stage of energy saving scheme selection.The analysis of this paper can provide some reference value for energy saving renovation and quota formulation of shopping malls in Shenzhen.
【学位授予单位】：华北水利水电大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TU247;TU111.195

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