夯土墙用新型电动冲击夯的研究与设计

发布时间：2018-04-20 15:45

本文选题：冲击夯 + 虚拟样机　；参考：《西安建筑科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：现代夯土墙建造区别于传统工艺的重要方面就是以电动夯锤代替传统手工夯锤，针对夯土墙建造的小型电动冲击夯的研究很少，而目前使用的冲击夯以国外产品为主，其价格昂贵、体积大、过于笨重，很难适应建造行业新要求，故市场迫切需要一种具有重量轻、低振动、冲击力大等优点的电动冲击夯来满足该工作环境下土壤的夯实要求，减轻工人的劳动强度，降低工人的工作时间，提高夯实土壤的工作效率。现代科技瞬息万变，特别是随着计算机工程技术的不断进步，虚拟样机技术也得到了快速的发展，在我国机械制造行业中的应用也越来越广泛，该技术设计具有周期短，成本低、风险小等优点，经大量实验证明，在虚拟样机中运行良好的样机模型能够用于实体加工。长期以来，人们通过建立振动冲击夯的理论力学模型，运用数值分析方法求解其运动学和动力学方程，，作为设计的理论基础。但在建立模型时做的某些简化显然会影响计算结果，且有些参数之间的关系又无法由方程求解得到，而利用多体动力学建模软件ADAMS对冲击夯进行系统的设计，只要模型足够的准确，就可以很大程度的改善上述情况，故本文应用该技术进行新型电动冲击夯的研究与设计。本文通过对冲击夯工作原理的分析建立了动力学模型，确定了影响冲击夯性能的关键参数；为了提高设计的准确性和效率，应用Pro/E软件建立了冲击夯的三维实体模型，导入ADAMS软件后通过添加必要的约束，建立了冲击夯虚拟样机模型，将HCD80冲击夯的关键参数代入模型对其正确性进行了验证；通过系统仿真分析确定了曲柄半径r、弹簧刚度K、夯机上机体m和夯脚m2的比值n、弹簧预压缩力P等关键参数对冲击夯性能影响的规律及其最优值范围；结合上述规律和最优值的范围，进行大量仿真寻优，最终确定一组关键参数的最优值，来指导冲击夯的样机设计。运行显示该样机模型能够用于实体样机的加工制造，可为小型电动冲击夯的性能研究、制造及加工提供参考。这种充分结合虚拟样机技术的机械设计方法同样适用于其它类似产品的研究与设计，同时也为机械设计中解决复杂动力学问题提供了新的可行的思路。
[Abstract]:The important aspect of modern rammed earth wall construction differs from traditional technology is that electric rammer is used instead of traditional manual rammer. There is little research on small scale electric impact rammer for rammed earth wall construction, but at present the impact rammer is mainly used by foreign products. It is expensive, bulky and too bulky, so it is difficult to adapt to the new requirements of the construction industry. Therefore, the market urgently needs a kind of electric impact compaction with the advantages of light weight, low vibration and large impact force to meet the needs of soil compaction in the working environment. Reduce the labor intensity of workers, reduce the working hours of workers, improve the work efficiency of compacted soil. Modern science and technology are changing rapidly, especially with the continuous progress of computer engineering technology, virtual prototyping technology has also been rapid development, in China's mechanical manufacturing industry is more and more widely used, the technology design has a short period. The advantages of low cost and low risk have been proved by a large number of experiments that the prototype model which runs well in virtual prototyping can be used in solid processing. For a long time, the theoretical mechanical model of vibratory impact compaction is established, and the kinematics and dynamics equations are solved by numerical analysis method, which is the theoretical basis of design. However, some simplification in modeling will obviously affect the calculation results, and the relationship between some parameters can not be solved by the equation. The multi-body dynamics modeling software ADAMS is used to design the system of impact compaction. As long as the model is accurate enough, the above situation can be improved to a great extent, so this paper applies this technology to the research and design of a new type of electric impact compaction. In this paper, the dynamic model is established by analyzing the working principle of impact compaction, and the key parameters affecting the performance of impact compaction are determined. In order to improve the accuracy and efficiency of design, the three-dimensional solid model of impact compaction is established by using Pro/E software. After importing ADAMS software, the virtual prototype model of impact compaction is established by adding necessary constraints, and the correctness of the model is verified by replacing the key parameters of HCD80 impact ramming with the model. The influence of crank radius r, spring stiffness K, the ratio of body m and foot m 2 of rammer and spring precompression force P on the performance of impact compaction and its optimal range are determined by system simulation analysis. Combined with the above laws and the range of the optimal values, a large number of simulation optimization is carried out, and the optimal values of a group of key parameters are finally determined to guide the prototype design of impact compaction. The operation shows that the model can be used in the machining and manufacturing of solid prototypes, and it can be used as a reference for the research, manufacture and processing of small scale electric impact compaction. The mechanical design method, which is fully combined with virtual prototyping technology, is also suitable for the research and design of other similar products. At the same time, it also provides a new and feasible way to solve the complex dynamic problems in mechanical design.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU66

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