基于BIM技术的施工方案优化研究

发布时间：2018-04-22 09:08

  本文选题：BIM技术 + 施工方案优化　； 参考：《长沙理工大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：伴随着我国城市化进程的高速发展,固定资产的投资规模迅猛增涨,由此带动了建筑业的跨越式发展。超高层、大跨度结构的不断涌现,建筑结构与建筑造型越来越复杂,各种复杂曲面在建筑上的应用越来越多,这时,以二维方式表现的施工图由于可视化不强,对图纸的理解增加了不少的难度,建筑、结构、设备各专业的设计师之间,设计师与建造师之间的交流也会产生一定的障碍。同时,由于这些建筑的施工过程相当复杂,传统的施工方法和模式已经无法满足其要求,需要运用计算机技术、网络技术、虚拟现实技术、多媒体技术、三维数字技术,构建贯穿决策期、实施期、运营期的计算机管理系统,实现设计与施工方案的优化、施工过程动态模拟与虚拟施工、建设全过程信息共享。作为国民经济支柱产业的建筑业的信息化水平不断提高。在“十二五”期间,建设主管部门提出了“全面提高建筑行业信息化,推广BIM技术在行业中的应用”的要求。BIM(Building Information Modelii g——建筑信息模型)技术是使用数字化的表示方式,以三维数字技术为基础,集成工程项目的相关数据,并以此为基础进行设计、建造和运营管理。通过运用BIM技术,可以促进项目建设周期内各阶段的知识共享,采用分布式模型,以数据库代替绘图,将设计、施工和运营融为一体。它正在引发工程建设行业一次史无前例的彻底变革,并给采用该模型的建筑企业带来极大的新增价值。施工方案的选择与优化是施工组织设计的核心,对工程施工具有指导性作用。施工方案的优化包括施工程序、施工顺序、施工方法的优化和方案指标(进度、质量、安全和成本等)的优化。本文以BIM技术为基础,通过引入虚拟施工的概念,将BIM技术与虚拟施工结合在一起,用Revit系列三维建模软件和NavisWorks模拟施工软件进行3D建模,并通过相关的信息模型从可视化协助施工和碰撞检测这两个角度进行施工方案进行分析与研究,并且加入时间维度进行4维虚拟建造,形象的展示了施工的全过程。同时,本文通过引入灰局势决策模型和灰关联模型对量化的施工方案指标进行优化,通过模型的对比得出最优的施工方案。使用基于灰色系统的改进型工期计划PERT模型对计划工期进行一步的优化。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of urbanization in China, the scale of investment in fixed assets is increasing rapidly, which leads to the leapfrog development of the construction industry. With the continuous emergence of super-tall buildings and long-span structures, the building structure and architectural modeling become more and more complex, and various complex surfaces are applied more and more in architecture. At this time, the construction drawings expressed in two dimensions are not visualized. Understanding of drawings has increased the difficulty, architecture, structure, equipment between the various professional designers, designers and architects of the communication will also create certain obstacles. At the same time, because the construction process of these buildings is quite complex, the traditional construction methods and models can no longer meet its requirements. It is necessary to use computer technology, network technology, virtual reality technology, multimedia technology, three-dimensional digital technology. The computer management system which runs through the decision-making period, the implementation period and the operation period is constructed to realize the optimization of the design and construction scheme, the dynamic simulation and virtual construction of the construction process, and the sharing of information in the whole construction process. As the pillar industry of the national economy, the information level of the construction industry has been continuously improved. During the 12th Five-Year Plan period, the construction department put forward the requirement of "improving the informatization of the construction industry in an all-round way and popularizing the application of BIM technology in the industry". Based on 3D digital technology, the data of engineering project are integrated, and the design, construction and operation management are carried out. By using BIM technology, we can promote the sharing of knowledge in each stage of the project construction cycle, adopt distributed model, replace drawing with database, and integrate design, construction and operation into one body. It is leading to an unprecedented revolution in the engineering construction industry and bringing great new value to the construction enterprises adopting the model. The selection and optimization of construction scheme is the core of construction organization design. The optimization of the construction scheme includes the optimization of the construction procedure, the sequence of construction, the optimization of the construction method and the optimization of the project index (schedule, quality, safety, cost, etc.). Based on BIM technology, this paper introduces the concept of virtual construction, combines BIM technology with virtual construction, and makes 3D modeling with Revit series 3D modeling software and NavisWorks simulation construction software. Through the relevant information model, the construction scheme is analyzed and studied from the two angles of visual construction and collision detection, and the four-dimensional virtual construction is carried out by adding the time dimension, which shows the whole process of construction graphically. At the same time, the grey situation decision model and grey correlation model are introduced to optimize the quantitative construction project index, and the optimal construction scheme is obtained by comparing the models. The improved PERT model based on grey system is used to optimize the schedule.
【学位授予单位】：长沙理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU17;TU74
，

本文编号：1786528