砌体结构建筑抗震能力快速评估方法研究

发布时间：2018-04-24 16:31

本文选题：砌体结构 + 抗震快速评估　；参考：《中国海洋大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：目前，我国农村、城乡结合处等防灾隐患区域存在着大量砌体结构建筑。由于砌体结构使用脆性材料，其抗拉、抗剪强度均较低，其抗震性能相对其他结构较差，在地震中的破坏率相当高。因此砌体结构建筑是我国房屋抗震鉴定及加固的重要对象。然而对这些建筑物进行逐一的详细的结构分析及排查需要大量的专业人员，短时间内几乎无法实现，而适用于大面积建筑群和提供初步决策参考的快速鉴定和评估方法才能更快的解决此类问题。本文的研究目的和意义是在以往砌体结构抗震研究工作的基础上探讨一种相对简单快速可靠的砌体结构抗震能力快速评估方法。本文以砌体结构抗震承载力和抗压承载力为评价指标，提出了简化公式和神经网络预测系统两种砌体结构抗震能力快速评价方法，，具体主要研究内容及成果包括以下几方面：（1）总结了砌体结构抗震能力评估方法的研究现状，指出了研究中尚待解决的问题和研究方向；（2）根据砌体震害特点、抗震鉴定相关规范和标准、以及现有评价方法确定砌体结构抗震承载力和抗压承载力作为评价体系的指标，并且筛选了影响其抗震性能的主要因素；（3）根据砌体结构抗震和抗压力学原理，推导了影响因素与两指标的关系公式，并对公式进行了简化。此方法不仅避免了层次分析法等主观性较强的评价方法，而且建立了影响因素与评价指标的客观关系；（4）采集青岛市市南区砌体结构样本数据，利用PKPM软件对各个样本的抗震承载力及抗压承载力进行建模计算；编制了BP神经网络预测模型程序，并将实际样本数据输入系统进行训练，得到了符合精度要求的预测模型；（5）将简化公式与神经网络预测两种方法对样本的计算结果进行比较，修正了简化公式，提出了两种砌体结构抗震性能快速预测方法，即简化公式和神经网络预测模型。
[Abstract]:At present, there are a large number of masonry structures in the disaster prevention areas such as rural areas, urban and rural areas and so on. Because masonry structure uses brittle material, its tensile strength and shear strength are lower, its seismic performance is worse than other structures, and the failure rate in earthquake is quite high. Therefore, masonry structure is an important object of seismic appraisal and reinforcement of buildings in China. However, detailed structural analysis and clearance of these buildings, one by one, will require a large number of professionals and will be almost impossible to achieve in a short period of time. In order to solve these problems more quickly, the rapid identification and evaluation method, which is suitable for large area buildings and to provide reference for preliminary decision making, can solve this kind of problems more quickly. The purpose and significance of this paper is to explore a relatively simple, rapid and reliable method for the rapid evaluation of seismic capacity of masonry structures on the basis of previous seismic research work of masonry structures. Taking the seismic bearing capacity and compressive bearing capacity of masonry structure as evaluation indexes, this paper puts forward two methods of rapid evaluation of seismic capacity of masonry structure based on simplified formula and neural network prediction system. The main research contents and results include the following aspects: 1) the present research situation of seismic capacity assessment method of masonry structure is summarized, and the problems and research directions in the research are pointed out. (2) according to the characteristics of masonry earthquake damage, the relevant codes and standards for seismic identification and the existing evaluation methods are used to determine the seismic bearing capacity and compressive capacity of masonry structures as indicators of the evaluation system, and the main factors affecting the seismic performance of masonry structures are screened. According to the principle of aseismic and compressive mechanics of masonry structure, the relation formula between the influencing factors and the two indexes is deduced, and the formula is simplified. This method not only avoids the subjective evaluation methods such as Analytic hierarchy process (AHP), but also establishes the objective relationship between the influencing factors and the evaluation index. (4) collect the sample data of masonry structure in Shinan District of Qingdao City, use PKPM software to model and calculate the seismic bearing capacity and compressive capacity of each sample, and compile the prediction model program of BP neural network. The actual sample data is input into the system for training, and the prediction model that meets the precision requirement is obtained. The simplified formula is compared with the neural network prediction method, and the simplified formula is revised. Two fast prediction methods for seismic behavior of masonry structure are proposed, namely, simplified formula and neural network prediction model.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU364;TU352.11

【参考文献】