严寒地区村镇规划方案气候适应性评价体系研究

发布时间：2018-05-03 16:46

本文选题：村镇规划 + 气候适应性　；参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：目前,我国村镇规划正处于稳定发展的阶段,新农村建设正在全国范围内大规模进行。关于严寒地区村镇规划方案气候适应性评价的研究在规划学术界仍然处于空白。虽然国外学者对乡村规划方案评估体系已经有了较深刻的探讨,但国外乡村规划与我国村镇规划发展状况的巨大差异,决定了其评估体系在我国村镇规划评价应用的“水土不服”。反观国内颁布的村镇规划编制办法和镇规划标准并没有体现严寒地区的气候适应性特征。作为国家“十二五”课题——严寒地区村镇气候适应性规划及环境优化技术的子课题之一,严寒地区村镇规划方案气候适应性评价体系的研究意义重大。本文通过对严寒地区典型村镇现实状况的调研,对严寒地区的村镇总体用地布局、居住用地规划、综合设施规划、道路交通规划、防灾减灾规划、开放空间用地规划和地域文化特色规划等现状进行调查,分析严寒地区村镇规划存在的气候适应性问题以及严寒地区气候对村镇方案规划各方面的影响。根据对现状数据的统计分析,充分结合国内外既有的研究成果,并在业内专家的建议指引下,建立严寒地区村镇规划方案气候适应性评价体系。该体系从镇规划方案气候适应性评价和村庄规划方案气候适应性评价的角度将严寒地区村镇规划方案气候适应性评价分为严寒地区镇总体规划方案气候适应性评价、镇控制性详细规划方案气候适应性评价、镇修建性详细规划方案气候适应性评价、村庄总体规划方案气候适应性评价和村庄建设规划方案气候适应性评价5个方面,并在该5个方面下设要素层和因子层,然后通过公众对每个因子的重要程度和因子的两两对比重要性进行打分,在此基础上应用层次分析方法确定各个评价因子的分权重以及最终权重,最后给出评价因子权重总排序。通过对国家和地方现有的相关规范和标准进行总结和提炼,以及对严寒地区村镇规划调研结果进行统计分析,实现对每个因子的评价标准进行科学的界定,而其各评价等级的确定则是通过运用模糊综合评价方法分析得出。在通过以上方法构建出严寒地区村镇方案评价气候适应性规划体系的基础上,利用相关技术手段开发出严寒地区村镇规划方案气候适应性评价体系计算机辅助软件,并验证软件的有效性。论文的创造性成果主要在以下几个方面得以体现:(1)根据对我国严寒地区村镇规划的调研分析,总结出严寒地区村镇规划现状在气候适应性方面存在的问题以及严寒地区气候对村镇方案规划各方面的影响;(2)根据调研结果,结合严寒地区现有规范及标准的研究,提取影响村镇规划方案气候适应性评价的要素,建立严寒地区村镇规划方案气候适应性评价体系,然后通过公众和专家对每个因子的重要程度和因子的两两对比重要性进行打分,并对得到的数据应用层次分析方法进行分析,从而确定评价因子的分权重以及最终权重,最后给出评价因子权重总排序;(3)在对国家和地方现有的相关规范和标准进行总结和提炼的基础上,结合国内外成熟的评价指标体系,对每个因子的评价标准科学的界定,运用模糊综合评价方法确定评价等级,基于以上所有数据和方法进行综合性评价,完成对严寒地区村镇规划方案的气候适应性评价体系的最终构建;(4)运用计算机技术开发出严寒地区村镇规划方案气候适应性评价计算机辅助软件,使评价过程更方便、更快捷,评价结果更直观。并利用实例进行了辅助软件的验证,证明了评价体系的有效性。
[Abstract]:At present, China's village and town planning is in a stable development stage, the new rural construction is being carried out in a large scale throughout the country. The research on the climate adaptability evaluation of the village and town planning scheme in the severe cold region is still in the blank. Although the foreign scholars have already had a profound discussion on the evaluation system of the rural planning scheme, the country has already had a more profound discussion, but the country has been more deeply discussed. The great difference between the planning of rural village planning and the development of village and town planning in China determines that the evaluation system is "ineffective" in the application of village and town planning and evaluation in China. One of the sub subjects of the climate adaptation planning and the environment optimization technology in the severe cold areas, the research on the climate adaptability evaluation system of the village and town planning in the severe cold areas is of great significance. Through the investigation of the actual conditions of the typical villages and towns in the severe cold regions, the layout of the overall land use, the residential land planning and the comprehensive facilities planning of the villages and towns in the severe cold regions are made. The current situation of road traffic planning, disaster prevention and mitigation planning, open space land use planning and regional cultural characteristics planning are investigated. The climate adaptability of village and town planning in severe cold areas and the impact of climate on the plan planning of villages and towns in severe cold regions are analyzed. Under the guidance of the experts' suggestions, the climate adaptability evaluation system of the village town planning scheme is established in the cold region. The climate adaptability evaluation of the village town planning case in the severe cold region is divided into the town general of the severe cold region from the point of view of the climate adaptability evaluation of the town planning scheme and the climate adaptability evaluation of the village planning scheme. The climate adaptability evaluation of the body planning scheme, the climate adaptability evaluation of the town control detailed planning scheme, the climate adaptability evaluation of the town construction detailed plan, the climate adaptability evaluation of the village overall plan and the climate adaptability evaluation of the village construction plan, and set the factor layer and factor layer in the 5 aspects, and then, then the factor layer and the factor layer are set up, and then the factor layer and the factor layer are set up. Through the public on the importance of each factor and the importance of the 22 contrast of factors, based on the application of analytic hierarchy process to determine the weight of each evaluation factor and the final weight, and finally give the overall ranking of the weight of the evaluation factor. And the research results of village and town planning in the cold region are statistically analyzed, and the evaluation criteria of each factor are scientifically defined, and the determination of each evaluation grade is obtained by using the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. On the basis of the related technical means, the computer aided software of the climate adaptability evaluation system of the village and town planning scheme in the cold region is developed and the validity of the software is verified. The creative achievements of the paper are mainly embodied in the following aspects: (1) according to the investigation and analysis of the village and town planning in the cold regions of China, the villages and towns in the severe cold regions are summarized. The existing problems of the climate adaptability in the planning situation and the influence of the climate on the plan planning of the villages and towns in the severe cold region; (2) according to the research results and the study of the existing standards and standards in the cold region, the factors affecting the climate adaptability evaluation of the village and town planning schemes are extracted, and the climate adaptability of the village and town planning scheme in the severe cold regions is established. The evaluation system, and then through the public and experts to score the importance of each factor and the importance of each factor of the 22 contrast, and analysis of the data application level analysis method to determine the weight of the evaluation factor and final weight, finally gives the evaluation factor weight total order; (3) in the country and the local existing On the basis of summarizing and refining the relevant standards and standards, combining with the mature evaluation index system at home and abroad, the evaluation standard of each factor is defined and the evaluation grade is determined by fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. Based on all the above data and methods, the comprehensive evaluation is carried out to complete the climate of the village and town planning scheme in the severe cold regions. The final construction of the adaptability evaluation system; (4) using computer technology to develop the computer aided software for evaluating the climate adaptability of the village and town planning scheme in the cold region, making the evaluation process more convenient, faster and more intuitive, and using an example to verify the effectiveness of the evaluation system.

【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU982.29;TU119

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