电梯磁流变制动器多物理耦合分析与实验研究

发布时间：2018-05-05 23:56

本文选题：磁流变 + 电梯　；参考：《福州大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着城市化的发展,电梯起到了越来越重要的作用。然而,现有电梯使用的传统机-电式抱闸制动器存在冲击大、噪音大和耗能高的缺点,无法实现更高的性能要求。磁流变液作为新型智能材料,具有屈服应力大、响应速度快、易于控制和工作噪声低等优点,极具工程应用价值。因此,电梯技术与磁流变技术的相互融合和创新性研究是本论文的重点。本课题来源于福建省质量技术监督局横向合作项目——“磁流变电梯曳引传动理论与试验研究”。以曳引式电梯传动系统作为研究对象,创新地设计了一种适用于电梯的磁流变制动器。本文的主要内容如下：首先,对比测试了三种磁流变液的粘度和流动特性,选择了具有高剪切屈服应力的磁流变液作为制动介质,分析了传统电梯制动器的工作特点,提出并设计一款新型电梯磁流变制动器。其次,针对某型号电梯性能参数设计了圆筒转子结构的磁流变制动器,建立了电梯磁流变制动器的制动力矩数学模型,分析了不同参数对制动性能的影响,研制了电梯磁流变制动器样机并用于后续实验验证。然后,本文在多物理场有限元分析软件(COMSOL Multiphysics)中,对电梯磁流变制动器进行了仿真分析。采用多物理场耦合分析方法,考虑磁场的不均匀分布对磁流变液剪切屈服应力的影响,建立了磁场、流场与刚体运动学方程的动态耦合分析模型,深入分析了装置的制动性能。为了得到该装置完整的性能仿真分析结果,本文还对装置进行了热分析、电磁路响应时间分析。最后,搭建测试平台并进行空转转矩特性、制动特性、恒转矩特性等项目实验。对比分析仿真结果与实验结果,验证了多物理场耦合分析方法的正确性。本论文的创新之处在于：将磁流变技术与电梯技术相结合,为电梯技术的发展提供了新思路,同时也拓展了磁流变技术的工程应用领域；所开发的电梯磁流变制动器具有低冲击、低噪音、低耗能和易于控制等优点；采用多物理场耦合分析方法,完整地考虑了磁场、流场和运动场的相互作用并动态地仿真了装置的制动过程,更加深入而全面地分析了电梯磁流变制动器的制动性能。此外,本文的研究手段和方法对其他磁流变装置的设计分析具有很好的参考价值。
[Abstract]:With the development of urbanization, elevators play a more and more important role. However, the traditional mechanical-electric brake used in elevators has the disadvantages of high impact, high noise and high energy consumption, which makes it impossible to achieve higher performance requirements. As a new intelligent material, magnetorheological fluid (MRF) has the advantages of high yield stress, fast response speed, easy control and low working noise. Therefore, the integration and innovation of elevator technology and magnetorheological technology is the focus of this paper. This subject comes from the horizontal cooperation project of Fujian Provincial Bureau of quality and Technical Supervision-"Theory and Experimental study of Magnetorheological Elevator traction Transmission". Taking the traction elevator transmission system as the research object, a kind of magneto-rheological brake suitable for elevator is designed innovatively. The main contents of this paper are as follows: firstly, the viscosity and flow characteristics of three kinds of magnetorheological fluids are compared and measured, the MRF with high shear yield stress is selected as the braking medium, and the working characteristics of the traditional elevator brake are analyzed. A new type of elevator magneto-rheological brake is proposed and designed. Secondly, according to the performance parameters of a certain type of elevator, the magneto-rheological brake of cylinder rotor structure is designed, and the mathematical model of braking moment of the elevator magneto-rheological brake is established, and the influence of different parameters on the braking performance is analyzed. A prototype of the elevator magneto-rheological brake has been developed and used for subsequent experimental verification. Then, in this paper, the magneto-rheological brake of elevator is simulated and analyzed in the multi-physical field finite element analysis software called Comol Multiphysics. The dynamic coupling analysis model of magnetic field, flow field and rigid body kinematics equation is established by taking into account the effect of uneven distribution of magnetic field on shear yield stress of magnetorheological fluid, and the braking performance of the device is deeply analyzed. In order to obtain the complete simulation results of the device, thermal analysis and electromagnetic response time analysis are also carried out in this paper. Finally, the test platform is built and the project experiments such as idling torque characteristic, braking characteristic and constant torque characteristic are carried out. By comparing the simulation results with the experimental results, the correctness of the multi-physical field coupling analysis method is verified. The innovation of this paper lies in: the combination of magneto-rheological technology and elevator technology provides a new idea for the development of elevator technology, and also expands the engineering application field of magneto-rheological technology; The developed magnetorheological brake has the advantages of low impact, low noise, low energy consumption and easy control. The interaction between the flow field and the sports field and the dynamic simulation of the braking process of the device are carried out, and the braking performance of the magnetorheological brake of the elevator is analyzed more thoroughly and comprehensively. In addition, the research means and methods in this paper have a good reference value for the design and analysis of other magnetorheological devices.
【学位授予单位】：福州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU857

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