基于视觉心理学的建筑表皮设计与研究

发布时间：2018-05-14 17:09

本文选题：建筑表皮 + 表皮设计　；参考：《山东建筑大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：“技术的功能主义只有同时扩展到心理学领域才是正确的,这是通往人情化建筑的唯一道路。①”——阿尔瓦.阿尔托建筑表皮的实质是人们认知建筑的首要审美对象,是人与建筑、建筑与建筑之间的视觉媒介,更是产生不同心理感受的源泉。建筑表皮设计被作为感知主体的人们定义为美或丑,完全取决于表皮设计所带给人们什么样的心理感受。正如雅克.赫尔佐格所说：“我们的建筑的力量在于观者看到它时的直击人心的效果。”②一语道破其要义,省去了娇柔造作的迂回。在现今纷繁复杂的建筑表皮设计中,要始终追求良好的视觉效果,为人们营造一个优美、个性、富有人情味的城市建筑环境。现代建筑的冷漠无情带给人的是情感上的疏离,统一的造型、风格和似曾相识的表皮处理,极大的抹杀着人的个性差异,伤害着个性的情感。有时我们会发现,对于设计手法一般的建筑表皮,有的让人感觉贴近自然、身心放松,有的却容易被人忽视；同样是个性张扬、时尚前卫的概念设计,有的让人崇拜、瞠目结舌,有的却让人无法接。当代高技术建筑带来的心理上的不协调越来越明显,如何实现建筑与人在心理上的交流和对话,这是对建筑师在当代的一个严峻的挑战,而建筑表皮是视觉心理产生的载体,这或许就是一个化解矛盾的突破口。因此,需要我们在建筑表皮设计中引入视觉心理学,善于挖掘和发现表皮的潜在能力,同时倾注自己的情感,让其固化到表皮中,从而实现建筑表皮与人们的视觉心理交流。本文从视觉心理学的基本定义、研究范围以及基本理论进行详细的阐述,在此基础上,’将视觉心理学中格式塔心理学的基本理论应用到建筑表皮设计实践,并从视觉心理学与建筑表皮的相互关系进行阐述,研究如何用视觉心理学理论来指导建筑表皮设计以及怎样的建筑表皮设计会给人带来赏心悦目的心理感受。论文主要内容包括：其一,论文通过对国内外研究理论的学习与分析,从视觉心理学与建筑表皮的基本定义出发,限定本文的研究范围;其二,从建筑表皮的的表现手法,如色彩、肌理以及构建等方面,来讲述通过人的视觉系统所产生的深层次、复杂的心理感受；其三,借用视觉心理学中格式塔心理的基本原则,结合建筑表皮设计的艺术手法,阐析视觉心理学对于建筑表皮的理论指导作用,并在此基础上制定一系列的建筑表皮设计策略；其四,通过对以上理论的研究与学习,对青岛市市南区香港中路进行调研分析,发现此路段建筑表皮设计的共性,并对个别不和谐的节点建筑进行改造,以期达到此路段和谐统一的表皮设计目的；最后,在理论和实践指导下,进行独立的单体建筑设计——青岛建筑文化展览馆建筑表皮设计。通过以上研究,本文试图利用视觉心理学的规律和特点来验证从理论到建筑表皮改造再到独立的设计实践过程,希望对以后的建筑表皮设计工作有所裨益。
[Abstract]:"The functionalism of technology is only right if it is extended to the psychological field at the same time. This is the only way to humanized architecture." - Alva Artaud.
The essence of the architectural epidermis is the primary aesthetic object of people's cognition of architecture. It is the visual medium between people and architecture, architecture and architecture. It is also the source of different psychological feelings. The architectural skin design is defined as beauty or ugliness as the subject of perception. It is entirely dependent on what kind of psychological feelings the skin design brings to people. Jacques Herzog said, "the strength of our architecture lies in the direct effect of the viewer when he sees it." (2) to break its meaning and save the delicate and circuitous way. In the modern and complex design of the architectural epidermis, we should always pursue good visual effects and create a beautiful, personality, and human feeling for people. Urban building environment. The indifference of modern architecture brings people emotional alienation, unified modeling, style and deja vu skin treatment, greatly erasing human personality differences and injure personality emotion. Sometimes we find that some people feel close to nature, body and mind are close to nature, and some people feel close to nature. Pine, some are easy to be ignored; the same is personality, fashion, vanguard concept design, some people worship, gaping, but some people can not connect. The psychological incongruity of modern high-tech architecture is becoming more and more obvious, how to realize the communication and dialogue between the architecture and people in the psychology, this is an architect in the present time The serious challenge, and the architectural epidermis is the carrier of visual psychology, which may be a breakthrough point to resolve the contradiction. Therefore, we need to introduce visual psychology in the design of the architectural epidermis, be good at digging and discovering the potential ability of the epidermis, and pour its emotions into the epidermis so that the building epidermis and human can be realized. Our visual psychological communication.
On the basis of the basic definition, research scope and basic theory of visual psychology, this paper applies the basic theory of Gestalt psychology in visual psychology to the design practice of architectural epidermis, and expounds how to use visual psychology theory from visual psychology to the interrelation of architectural epidermis. The main contents of this paper are as follows: firstly, the thesis defines the basic definition of visual psychology and architectural epidermis, and defines the scope of this article by the study and analysis of research theories at home and abroad, and secondly, from the architectural epidermis. The expression techniques, such as color, texture and construction, describe the deep and complex psychological feelings produced by the human visual system. Thirdly, the basic principles of Gestalt psychology in visual psychology and the artistic techniques of the architectural skin design are used to explain the theoretical guidance of visual psychology to the architectural epidermis. And on this basis, a series of architectural design strategies are formulated. Fourthly, through the research and study of the above theories, the investigation and analysis of the Hongkong middle road in Qingdao City, Southern District, have been carried out to find the commonness of the design of the building epidermis of this section, and remould some unharmonious node buildings in order to achieve the harmonious and unified skin of this section. Finally, under the guidance of theory and practice, the design of independent monomer building -- the architectural skin design of Qingdao architectural culture exhibition hall is carried out.
Through the above research, this paper tries to use the laws and characteristics of visual psychology to verify the process from the theory to the reconstruction of the architectural epidermis to the independent design practice, and hope to be of benefit to the future design of the architectural skin.

【学位授予单位】：山东建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU-80

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