基于蚁群算法的输电塔结构离散变量优化设计

发布时间：2018-05-20 22:33

本文选题：桁架结构 + 输电塔-线体系　；参考：《大连理工大学》2014年博士论文

【摘要】：输电塔-线体系作为高负荷电能的输送载体,是一种重要的生命线工程。随着人民生活水平的不断提高和国家经济建设的快速发展,建设高耸、大跨越的输电塔-线结构已成为必然趋势,特别是特高压输电线路工程。建设和发展既安全可靠,又经济合理的输电塔结构一直是工程界的研究热点和难点。鉴于现阶段国内外输电塔结构优化设计方法和理论发展的相对滞后,本文在蚁群优化算法和有限分析方法的基础上,提出了一套完整的输电塔结构优化设计与验算分析方法。主要研究内容如下： (1).针对于桁架结构拓扑和形状优化设计存在着设计变量类型不统一,耦合优化困难等问题,本文给出了一种基于蚁群算法的桁架结构多类型变量优化方法。其中,拓扑优化以结构拓扑量和拓扑总量为基础,将拓扑优化问题转化为双TSP问题,并采用蚁群算法实现求解；形状优化则是采用加权耦合的两级优化方式求解此类问题,并且充分发挥了不同类型蚁群算法各自的优势。 (2).由于多类型变量优化方法在处理大型复杂结构和布局优化问题时的计算效率过低,本文提出了一种基于蚁群算法的桁架结构离散型变量优化方法,包括：截面、拓扑形状和布局优化方法。通过对多个经典算例的分析与对比表明：本文方法的优化效果显著、简单易行,并且具有非常良好的应用前景。 (3).基于蚁群算法在单目标优化问题中的成功应用,本文提出了一种改进的基于离散变量的多目标蚁群优化算法。该方法是在Pareto蚁群算法的基础上,建立“可行解”和“非可行解”集合,并通过替换优化过程中的重复解来提高算法的计算效率。该方法不仅可以求解双目标函数问题,而且能够很好的求解桁架结构多目标优化问题。 (4).考虑到输电塔结构的特殊性和复杂性,以及优化方法一致性的要求,本文归纳总结出了一种“基于蚁群算法的输电塔结构离散变量优化设计方法”,并且清晰明确的阐述了不同优化内容的物理意义和优化准则。通过对输电塔结构局部和整体多层次优化设计结果的分析表明：该方法是一种行之有效,且简单实用的结构优化设计方法。 (5).鉴于输电塔结构真型试验价格昂贵、费时费力,以及有限元方法的蓬勃发展,本文采用输电塔-线体系连续倒塌模拟方法验算优化设计结果的安全性与可靠性。其中,验算方法基于ABAQUS软件平台,并通过采用显式有限元方法和生死单元技术模拟输电塔-线体系连续性倒塌的全过程。此外,针对不同输电塔模型的倒塌情况,本文还进一步探讨了输电塔结构的薄弱环节、倒塌形式和抗倒塌的能力。
[Abstract]:As a carrier of high load electric energy transmission tower-line system is an important lifeline project. With the continuous improvement of people's living standards and the rapid development of national economic construction, it has become an inevitable trend to build tall and large span transmission tower-line structures, especially for UHV transmission line projects. The construction and development of safe, reliable, economical and reasonable transmission tower structure has always been a hot and difficult point in the engineering field. In view of the relative lag in the development of transmission tower structure optimization methods and theories at home and abroad, a complete set of optimization design and checking calculation analysis method for transmission tower structure is proposed on the basis of ant colony optimization algorithm and finite analysis method. The main contents of the study are as follows: There is no such thing as a bird. In order to solve the problems in topology and shape optimization design of truss structures, such as the inconsistency of design variables and the difficulty of coupling optimization, a multi-type variable optimization method for truss structures based on ant colony algorithm is presented in this paper. Among them, the topology optimization is based on the structural topology quantity and the total topology amount, the topology optimization problem is transformed into a double TSP problem, and the ant colony algorithm is used to solve the problem, while the shape optimization is solved by a weighted coupling two-stage optimization method. And give full play to the advantages of different types of ant colony algorithm. There are two pieces of water. Due to the low computational efficiency of multi-type variable optimization method in dealing with large complex structures and layout optimization problems, a discrete variable optimization method for truss structures based on ant colony algorithm is proposed in this paper, which includes: section. Topology shape and layout optimization method. Through the analysis and comparison of several classical examples, it is shown that the optimization effect of this method is remarkable, simple and feasible, and it has a very good application prospect. 3. Based on the successful application of ant colony algorithm in single objective optimization problem, an improved multiobjective ant colony optimization algorithm based on discrete variables is proposed in this paper. On the basis of Pareto ant colony algorithm, the set of "feasible solutions" and "non-feasible solutions" are established, and the computational efficiency of the algorithm is improved by replacing the repeated solutions in the optimization process. This method can not only solve the two-objective function problem, but also solve the multi-objective optimization problem of truss structure. 4. Considering the particularity and complexity of transmission tower structure and the requirement of consistency of optimization method, this paper summarizes a method of discrete variable optimal design of transmission tower structure based on ant colony algorithm. And the physical meaning and optimization criteria of different optimization contents are expounded clearly and clearly. The results of local and global multi-level optimization design of transmission tower structure show that this method is effective and simple and practical. 5. In view of the high cost, time-consuming and laborious real type test of transmission tower structure, and the vigorous development of finite element method, the safety and reliability of optimization design results are calculated by continuous collapse simulation method of transmission tower and line system in this paper. The method of checking calculation is based on ABAQUS software platform, and the whole process of continuous collapse of transmission tower and line system is simulated by using explicit finite element method and birth and death element technique. In addition, in view of the collapse of different transmission tower models, the weak link, collapse form and anti-collapse ability of transmission tower structure are further discussed in this paper.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU347

【参考文献】