黑河金盆水库水源地水环境调查和保护措施研究

发布时间：2018-05-25 04:06

本文选题：水源地 + 生产污水　；参考：《长安大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：作为用途最为重要的一类水资源，饮用水安全关系到人民群众的切身利益，尽管我国饮用水在水质、水量及水资源管理方面取得了令人可喜的成绩，但仍存在些许问题。近年来，国内又发生了几起饮用水源污染事件，给国民经济造成极大损失，，给人民的生产、生活带来严重影响，老百姓的饮水安全已经受到了威胁，显然确保水源地的饮水安全是保证城市安全、社会稳定的重要任务之一，饮用水水源地保护必须得到高度重视。本文正是在这一背景下，对西安市的“母亲水源”—黑河金盆水库水源地的水环境进行了调查，进而有针对性的提出了保护措施。第一章主要介绍了本文的选题背景和意义、国内外的研究现状、本文的研究方法和内容。第二章对黑河金盆水库流域自然地理、社会经济、水源地保护区划分及水资源开发利用等现状进行调查，对黑河金盆水库流域内污染源进行了调查及评价，识别流域内的主要污染物。通过调查得出黑河饮用水源地主要的污染源为：1）引汉济渭施工产生的施工废水和生活污水的排放；2）大规模农家乐等旅游服务设施，农村生活污水的直接排放及生活垃圾随意丢弃所带来的潜在污染；3）王家河镇的养鸭场畜禽粪便污染；4）板房子河马鞍桥金矿区生活污水和生活垃圾污染。第三章从水质评价、水质污染状况等多角度对黑河金盆水库水环境质量现状进行分析评价。黑河上游流域的水质评价结果表明：除水苑山庄由于旅游服务设施的影响，其断面TN、CODCr存在一定超标现象，水质为地表水三类外，其余断面均达到了地表水II类水质标准的要求。黑河上游流域的水污染评价结果表明：在考虑TN指标的情况下，水质板房子河断面尚清洁外，其余均为轻度污染。富营养化评价结果表明，黑河金盆水库属于中富营养级，营养化程度相对较低。第四章在以上分析的基础上，从隔离防护、农业面源污染综合整治、生活污水点源污染防治、集中式禽畜养殖污染控制、村镇垃圾的集中收集处理、“引汉济渭”工程库区的水质污染防治等方面，拟定了库区水质保护的对策和措施。
[Abstract]:As the most important kind of water resources, the safety of drinking water is related to the vital interests of the people. Although China's drinking water has made gratifying achievements in water quality, quantity and management of water resources, there are still some problems. In recent years, there have been several incidents of drinking water pollution in China, which have caused great losses to the national economy, seriously affected the production and livelihood of the people, and threatened the drinking water safety of the common people. Obviously, it is one of the important tasks to ensure the safety and social stability of the city to ensure the drinking water safety of the water source, and the protection of the drinking water source must be paid more attention to. Under this background, this paper makes an investigation on the water environment of the "mother water source" of Heihe Jinpan Reservoir in Xi'an, and puts forward some protection measures. The first chapter mainly introduces the background and significance of this paper, domestic and foreign research status, research methods and content of this paper. The second chapter investigates the present situation of natural geography, social economy, water source reserve division and exploitation and utilization of water resources in Heihe Jinpan reservoir basin, and makes an investigation and evaluation of the pollution sources in Heihe Jinpan reservoir basin. Identify the main pollutants in the basin. Through investigation, it is concluded that the main source of pollution in the drinking water source of the Heihe River is: (1) the discharge of construction wastewater and domestic sewage from the construction of the Hanji-Wei project; (2) Large-scale tourist service facilities such as Nongjiale, etc. Direct discharge of rural domestic sewage and potential pollution caused by random disposal of domestic waste 3) pollution of livestock and poultry feces from duck farms in Wangjiahe Town) pollution of domestic sewage and domestic refuse in Maanqiao Gold Mine area of Banhouse River. The third chapter analyzes and evaluates the present situation of water environment quality of Heihe Jinpan reservoir from the aspects of water quality evaluation and water quality pollution. The results of water quality evaluation in the upper reaches of Heihe River show that, due to the influence of tourism service facilities, TNCODCr in the section of Shuiyuan Village has a phenomenon of exceeding the standard, and the water quality is three kinds of surface water, and the other sections all meet the requirements of class II water quality standards of surface water. The results of water pollution assessment in the upper reaches of Heihe River show that the water quality is clean except for the section of Banhouse River, and the others are slightly polluted when TN index is taken into account. The result of eutrophication evaluation shows that Heihe Jinpan Reservoir belongs to medium eutrophication grade, and the degree of eutrophication is relatively low. The fourth chapter is based on the above analysis, from isolation and protection, agricultural non-point source pollution comprehensive control, domestic sewage point source pollution prevention, centralized livestock breeding pollution control, village and town garbage centralized collection and treatment, In this paper, the countermeasures and measures of water quality protection in the reservoir area are proposed.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：X52;TU991.1

【参考文献】