地铁、地面交通振动荷载作用下北京正阳门古建筑的动力响应

发布时间：2018-05-27 05:30

本文选题：正阳门城楼 + 交通振源调查　；参考：《北京交通大学》2014年博士论文

【摘要】：摘要：古建筑经过几百年的朝代更迭和岁月风雨的消磨,已变得破旧脆弱,而随着城市交通建设的飞速发展,交通引起的环境振动对古建筑危害无疑是雪上加霜。因此,交通振动引起的古建筑的动力响应研究是当下极其重要、迫切的古建筑保护课题,无论是理论研究成果还是现场实测分析经验都将对古建筑保护和修缮起到指导与规范作用。以国家重点文物保护单位正阳门城楼及箭楼为振动研究对象,通过理论研究计算得到了在正阳门地区地面交通车辆振动和地下地铁列车振动影响下城楼及箭楼的动力响应特性。首先,对正阳门地区交通振源进行实地调察分析。通过现场交通调查,对地面交通车流进行统计,总结该地区地面各条交通线路中不同类型车辆的车流密度、相邻车辆之间的时间间隔等车流特性,从而分析得到地面不同类型车辆振源的分布特性。其次,基于交通调查得到的交通振源分布规律,对正阳门地区地面交通振动和地铁列车振动特性进行合理描述并推导其表达式。通过建立单一车辆动力模型,分别研究不同类型车辆的振动特性；结合现场交通调查得到的交通流量特性,总结每条交通线路上车辆的振动表达式；考察在红绿灯控制下的各条线路之间车辆的通行组合,从而得到地面交通振源的实际振动表达式；并对地面车辆振动的传播、衰减规律进行分析；基于正阳门地区交通调查的地面交通振源特性研究为古建筑的动力响应分析提供振源依据,是本文的创新性工作内容之一。考虑正阳门地区地层特性和地铁2号线位置特性,结合现有的地铁列车振动研究成果,分析地铁列车振源的传播、衰减特性。第三,对正阳门地区地上、地下的交通振动场进行合理的叠加,为地上、地下交通振动对古建的共同影响提供振源依据。由于地面交通车辆振动与地铁列车振动的传播特性不同,以及与正阳门古建筑的空间位置的不同,两个振动场的叠加考虑了振动的传播方式、传播方向、衰减规律及引起古建筑的振动方向四个因素,得到了交通振动影响下地面任意一点的振动表达式,这也是本文的创新性工作内容之一。第四,基于上述正阳门地区地上、地下交通振源的研究成果,通过建立古建筑动力分析模型,合理修正模型的计算刚度系数,理论计算得到城楼及箭楼在不同类型交通振源影响下动力特性：(1)正阳门古建筑在交通振动影响下,建筑的振动位移、振动速度随建筑高度增高而变大；(2)地面交通振动引起的古建筑的水平方向振动明显,城楼顶层水平方向振动位移最大值为0.32mm,振动速度最大值为4.5mm/s,箭楼顶层水平方向振动位移最大值为0.28mmm,振动速度最大值为3.8mm/s；(3)交通振动影响下当古建筑的振动频率在1.7-2.3Hz之间时振动位移、速度幅值最大；(4)地面不同类型车辆振动对古建筑的影响不仅与车辆自身的振动特性相关,主要还取决于该线路中不同类型车辆的车流密度,车流密度越大对古建筑的振动影响越大。本文通过理论计算得到的正阳门古建筑振动特性规律与现场振动实测规律一致,说明了本文基于现场交通调查的交通振源特性研究方法和不同类型交通振源影响下古建筑的动力响应分析方法合理、可行,为古建筑在交通振动影响下的动力预测分析提供了很好的研究思路。
[Abstract]:Abstract : The ancient architecture has become more and more fragile after a few hundred years ' dynasties of dynasties and years of wind and rain , but with the rapid development of urban traffic construction , the environmental vibration caused by traffic is undoubtedly a frost on ancient buildings . Therefore , the research on dynamic response of ancient buildings caused by traffic vibration is an extremely important and urgent task of ancient architecture protection .

Based on the national key cultural relics protection unit Zhengyangmen Chenglou and the arrow tower as the vibration research objects , the dynamic response characteristics of the towers and the rockets under the influence of the vibration of the ground traffic vehicle and the vibration of the underground subway train in the area of the Zhengyangmen area are calculated through theoretical study .

Firstly , the traffic vibration source in the area of the positive Yangmen area is analyzed . Through the field traffic investigation , the traffic flow characteristics of different types of vehicles in different types of vehicles in the area of the area are summarized , and the distribution characteristics of the vibration sources of different types of vehicles are analyzed .

Secondly , on the basis of traffic investigation , the distribution law of traffic vibration sources is established , and the vibration characteristics of the ground traffic and the train vibration are reasonably described and the expression is deduced . By establishing a single vehicle power model , the vibration characteristics of different types of vehicles are studied respectively .
combining the traffic flow characteristics obtained by the field traffic investigation , summarizing the vibration expression of the vehicle on each traffic line ;
the traffic combination of the vehicles between each line under the control of the traffic light is investigated , so that the actual vibration expression of the ground traffic vibration source is obtained ;
The propagation and attenuation law of ground vehicle vibration are analyzed .
Based on the study of the characteristics of the ground traffic vibration sources in the area of the Zhengyangmen area , this paper provides the source basis for the dynamic response analysis of ancient buildings , which is one of the innovative work contents of this paper . Taking into account the formation characteristics of the Zhengyangmen area and the location characteristics of the metro line No . 2 , the propagation and attenuation characteristics of the vibration source of the subway train are analyzed in combination with the existing research results of the subway trains .

Third , the ground and underground traffic vibration fields are superposed reasonably to the above ground and the underground traffic vibration to provide the source basis for the common influence of the ancient buildings . Due to the difference between the vibration of the ground traffic vehicle and the vibration of the subway train and the space position of the ancient building , the superposition of the two vibration fields takes the four factors of the vibration direction , the propagation direction , the attenuation law and the vibration direction of the ancient building , and obtains the vibration expression of any point on the ground under the influence of the traffic vibration , which is also one of the innovative work contents of this paper .

Fourthly , based on the research results of the above ground and underground traffic vibration sources in the above - mentioned positive - yang - men area , the dynamic characteristics of the towers and the towers under the influence of different types of traffic vibration sources are calculated by building dynamic analysis models of ancient buildings and reasonably correcting the calculated stiffness coefficients of the models : ( 1 ) the vibration displacement and the vibration velocity of the buildings are increased with the height of the building under the influence of traffic vibration ;
( 2 ) In the horizontal direction of the ancient buildings caused by the vibration of the ground traffic , the maximum vibration displacement at the top level of the towers is 0.32 mm , the maximum vibration velocity is 4.5 mm / s , the maximum vibration displacement in the horizontal direction of the top floor of the tower is 0.28 mm , and the maximum vibration velocity is 3.8 mm / s ;
( 3 ) When the vibration frequency of the ancient building is 1.7 - 2.3 Hz under the influence of traffic vibration , the speed amplitude is the largest ;
( 4 ) The influence of the vibration of different types of vehicles on the ancient buildings is not only related to the vibration characteristics of the vehicle itself , but also depends on the vehicle flow density of different types of vehicles in the line , and the greater the influence of the vehicle flow density on the vibration of the ancient buildings .

In this paper , the regularity of the vibration characteristics of the old buildings , which is obtained by theoretical calculation , is consistent with the field vibration measurement rule . The research methods of the traffic vibration source characteristics based on the field traffic investigation and the dynamic response analysis method of the ancient buildings under the influence of different types of traffic vibration sources are reasonable and feasible , which provides a good idea for the dynamic prediction analysis of the ancient buildings under the influence of traffic vibration .
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU311.3

【参考文献】