不同地震破坏情景下应急避难所责任区评价研究——以北京市中心城区为例

发布时间：2018-06-06 22:10

本文选题：灾害避难所 + 责任区评价　；参考：《中国安全科学学报》2014年12期

【摘要】：为定量研究地震应急避难场所责任区的划定并进行适宜性评价分析,以最小化任一街道(乡镇)的避难需求人口到避难所的最大距离为目标,以避难所容量、避难需求人口和街道(乡镇)完整性为约束条件,建立灾害避难所责任区评价模型。用加权Voronoi算法求解该模型。以北京市中心城区的灾害避难所为例,模拟不同地震破坏情景下的避难需求人口,得到各个灾害避难所的最佳避难需求人口责任区和不同情景下的人口配置缺口。实例分析表明:目前北京市中心城区的避难所容量均不能满足3种地震情景避难人口的需求;覆盖范围明显增加的避难所负责的避难需求人口相对较多,其容量相对不足。
[Abstract]:In order to quantitatively study the demarcation and suitability evaluation of the area responsible for earthquake emergency shelters, the aim is to minimize the maximum distance of the population of any street (town and town) to the refuge, with the capacity of the refuge, the population of the refuge and the integrity of the street (township) as the constraint conditions, and to establish the evaluation model for the liability area of the disaster shelters. Using the weighted Voronoi algorithm to solve the model, taking the disaster shelters in the downtown area of Beijing as an example, it simulates the population of the refuge demand under different earthquake damage situations, and obtains the best refuge demand population responsibility area and the population allocation gap under different scenarios. The actual case analysis shows that the central urban area of Beijing is avoided at present. The difficult capacity can not meet the needs of the population of 3 earthquake scenarios, and the shelters with a significant increase in coverage are relatively large in demand for refuge, and their capacity is relatively inadequate.
【作者单位】：北京师范大学环境演变与自然灾害教育部重点实验室;北京师范大学民政部-教育部减灾与应急管理研究院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金青年基金资助(41201547) 教育部-国家外国专家局高等学校创新引智计划项目(B08008) 国家科技支撑计划课题(2013BAK05B02)
【分类号】：P315.9;TU984.116

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