节约型园林背景下废弃物和再生建材的应用研究

发布时间：2018-06-08 12:29

本文选题：风景园林 + 节约型园林　；参考：《北京林业大学》2014年博士论文

【摘要】：产业结构的调整和迅猛的城市化进程导致了建筑垃圾和工业固体废物的大量堆积,从自然界物质能量循环的角度来看,这些废弃物是“错误时间错误地点的资源”。材料是园林建设的物质基础,在资源越发紧缺环境逐渐恶化的当代,园林材料的选用仍然以自然资源为主,园林建设仍然依赖对自然资源大规模高速率的攫取,亟需一种基于我国园林建设现状的切实可行的节材措施,采用废弃物和再生建材作为园林材料能够拓展废弃物循环利用的途径,改变传统建设模式对自然资源的依赖,这是本文研究目的之所在。我国大力发展循环型经济,倡导建立资源节约型、环境友好型社会,节约型园林的提出顺应了时代的主题,为风景园林行业的发展指明了方向。节约型园林要求在不缩小建设规模、不减少建设投资、不降低建设品质的前提下,最大化节约各种资源,减少能源消耗。本文对园林材料应用的现状进行了归纳,并结合节约型园林的内涵提出了园林材料的应用策略。本文将现象学作为研究方法引入废弃物的应用研究之中,将材料本性与真实性的思辨作为研究的出发点,将建构逻辑作为废弃物和再生建材研究的核心内容,拓展了园林材料的理论体系和研究方法,为本文的研究提供了理论的支撑。本文系统地梳理了废弃物和再生建材应用的现状,首先将市政道路工程、建筑工程中对废弃物和再生建材的使用情况进行了研究,总结出其中能够适用于风景园林中的材料和工程技术。接下来通过对中国古典园林中“低材高用”的废弃物营建思想和“瓦爿墙”、“出砖入石”等建造工艺的研究,回溯了废弃物应用的历史。本文归纳了能够适用于园林中的建筑垃圾、工业固体废物和再生建材,对废弃物和再生建材的应用途径和建构逻辑进行了研究,为园林设计和施工提供参考,这也是本文研究的实际意义所在。本文归纳了废弃物和再生建材在应用中具有的节约价值、艺术价值和功能优化价值,结合作者参与的规划设计实践案例对价值的实现方式进行了研究,并采用AHP方法对部分再生建材的应用价值进行了评价,为园林材料评价体系的建立打下了基础。本文提出了以废弃物和再生建材为材料的园林建设实施框架,在园林建设程序的层面上增加了废弃物信息管理系统和基于LCA的园林材料评估程序,既融合了废弃物和再生建材应用的需要,又与我国园林建设的实际情况有较紧密的结合。针对以废弃物和再生建材为材料的园林建设的非常规性,提出了规划设计原则和施工组织策略。以废弃物和再生建材为材料的园林建设实施框架的建立能够在行业政策、信息管理、规划设计和工程实施层面形成对废弃物和再生建材应用的推动力。
[Abstract]:The adjustment of industrial structure and the rapid process of urbanization have led to the accumulation of construction waste and industrial solid waste. From the perspective of natural material and energy cycle, these wastes are "resources in wrong place at the wrong time". The material is the material foundation of the garden construction. In the era of the increasingly scarce environment, the selection of the garden materials is still based on the natural resources, and the garden construction still depends on the large-scale and high-speed acquisition of the natural resources. Based on the present situation of garden construction in our country, it is urgent to take a practical and practical material saving measure. The waste and recycled building materials can be used as garden materials to expand the recycling utilization of waste and to change the dependence of traditional construction mode on natural resources. This is the purpose of this paper. Our country vigorously develops circular economy, advocates the establishment of resource-conserving, environment-friendly society, and puts forward a conservation-type garden that conforms to the theme of the times and points out the direction for the development of landscape architecture industry. On the premise of not reducing the scale of construction, investment and quality of construction, the conservation-type garden is required to maximize and save all kinds of resources and reduce energy consumption. In this paper, the current situation of the application of garden materials is summarized, and the application strategies of garden materials are put forward in combination with the connotation of conservation-type gardens. In this paper, phenomenology is introduced as a research method into the application of waste materials. Taking the material nature and authenticity as the starting point and the construction logic as the core content of the research on waste and recycled building materials, the theoretical system and research methods of garden materials are expanded. This paper systematically combs the status quo of the application of waste and recycled building materials. Firstly, the use of waste and recycled building materials in municipal road engineering and construction engineering is studied. The materials and engineering techniques that can be used in landscape architecture are summarized. Then, through the study of the waste construction idea of "low material and high use" in Chinese classical gardens and the construction technology of "tile wall" and "brick into stone", In this paper, the construction waste, industrial solid waste and recycled building materials that can be used in gardens are summarized, and the application ways and construction logic of waste and recycled building materials are studied. To provide reference for garden design and construction, which is also the practical significance of this study. This paper summarized the waste and recycled building materials in the application of the value of saving, artistic value and function optimization value, Combined with the practical case of planning and design in which the author participated, the realization of value was studied, and the application value of some recycled building materials was evaluated by AHP method. It lays a foundation for the establishment of the evaluation system of garden materials. In this paper, the implementation framework of garden construction based on waste and recycled building materials is put forward. The waste information management system and the garden material evaluation program based on LCA are added to the landscape construction procedure, which not only meets the needs of the application of waste and recycled building materials, but also has a close connection with the actual situation of garden construction in China. In view of the unconventional nature of garden construction based on wastes and recycled building materials, the planning and design principles and construction organization strategies are put forward. The implementation framework of garden construction based on waste and recycled building materials can form a driving force for the application of waste and recycled building materials at the level of industry policy, information management, planning and design, and engineering implementation.
【学位授予单位】：北京林业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU986;X799.1

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