复杂形体建筑的风荷载体型系数及其幕墙体系施工顺序数值风洞研究

发布时间：2018-06-08 14:35

本文选题：高层建筑 + 数值风洞　；参考：《重庆大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着经济建设的发展和科学技术的进步，近年来我国涌现了大量的高层和超高层建筑。随着高强轻质材料的应用和设计水平的不断提高，使得现代高层建筑向更高、更柔的方向发展，这使得高层建筑对风荷载变得原来越敏感。随着人们生活水平日益提高，高层建筑外形也向着越来越复杂的趋势发展，气流对建筑表面的影响已经不能用相关规范的简单规定直接来衡量。比如与复杂形体建筑表面的设计风压取值相关的的体型系数直接从《建筑结构荷载规范》（GB50009-2001）直接取值是否可靠。高层建筑的出现带来了玻璃幕墙的广泛使用，而幕墙安装一般在主体结构完工后相继进行。风作用下高层建筑幕墙安装随意性较大，安装过程中不注重安装顺序对安装安全及合理的影响，安装过程中没有考虑风对幕墙安装顺序的影响。合理的幕墙安装顺序能够减少幕墙在安装过程中安全事故和财产损失。因此，针对以上情况，，本文采用数值风洞技术，进行了以下工作并得出相关结论： ①本论文依托的复杂形体高层建筑进行了数值风洞建模，进行了该复杂建筑的多种风向角下的建筑表面风压模拟，验证了数值模拟在气流滞留区形成位置、建筑各表面在各风向角下风压正负、峡谷效应上呈现的规律与风绕过建筑物流动的一般规律相符。同时得出了建筑顶部峡口处存在不可忽略的峡谷效应，不同风向角下峡谷效应不同，施工时应在峡口处采取相应措施。 ②以风压为基础，计算了平均风压力系数、风荷载体型系数，进行体型系数模拟值与规范值和设计值的比较，验证估算体型系数取值较合理。并为类似工程体型系数直接取值提供建议。 ③对建筑模型进行开洞处理，模拟施工期建筑幕墙未安装的情况，并与安装完后进行对比。得出了洞口对风压最值影响较小，上下层分层开洞风压分布差别很小，为减小洞口影响应该尽量开设小洞口，洞口在短边方向风压分布更不利，开设洞口位置应该在风压较小区域的结论。根据不同位置开洞风压分布情况，得出了幕墙安装应该沿着顺风向，滞留区先安装，并应该结合施工环境、施工难易程度综合考虑的幕墙施工建议。
[Abstract]:With the development of economic construction and the progress of science and technology, a large number of high-rise and super high-rise buildings have emerged in China in recent years. With the application of high-strength and lightweight materials and the improvement of design level, modern high-rise buildings are developing towards higher and softer directions, which makes high-rise buildings become more sensitive to wind load. With the improvement of people's living standard and the development of high-rise building's shape, the influence of air flow on the building surface can not be directly measured by the simple rules of relevant codes. For example, whether the body shape coefficient related to the design wind pressure value of complex building surface is directly obtained from "Building structural load Code" GB50009-2001is reliable or not. The appearance of high-rise building brings the wide use of glass curtain wall, and curtain wall installation is usually carried out after the completion of main structure. Under the action of wind, the installation of curtain wall in high-rise buildings is random, and the influence of wind on the installation order is not considered in the installation process, and the influence of installation order on the installation safety and reasonable is not paid attention to during the installation process. Reasonable installation sequence of curtain wall can reduce the safety accident and property loss during installation. Therefore, in view of the above situation, this paper adopts the numerical wind tunnel technology, carries on the following work and draws the related conclusion: 1 this paper relies on the complex shape high-rise building to carry on the numerical wind tunnel modeling, The wind pressure simulation of the building surface under various wind direction angles of the complex building is carried out, and it is verified that the numerical simulation is formed in the airflow retention zone, and the wind pressure is positive or negative on each surface of the building under the wind direction angle. The canyon effect is consistent with the general law of wind flow around buildings. At the same time, the canyon effect can not be ignored at the fjord at the top of the building. The canyon effect under different wind direction angles is different. The corresponding measures should be taken at the fjord in construction. 2 based on the wind pressure, the average wind pressure coefficient is calculated. The body shape coefficient of wind load is compared with the standard value and the design value, and it is verified that the estimated shape coefficient is reasonable. It also provides the suggestion for the similar engineering shape coefficient to take the value directly. 3 carries on the opening treatment to the building model, simulates the construction curtain wall not to install the situation during the construction period, and carries on the comparison with the installation. It is concluded that the influence of orifice on wind pressure is small, and the difference of wind pressure distribution between upper and lower layers is very small. In order to reduce the influence of orifice, we should open small hole as far as possible, and the wind pressure distribution in short side direction is more disadvantageous. The conclusion that the opening of the hole should be located in a smaller area of wind pressure. According to the distribution of wind pressure in different locations, it is concluded that curtain wall installation should follow the downwind direction, and the curtain wall should be installed first in the detention area, and should be combined with the construction environment, and the construction difficulty degree should be considered synthetically.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU312.1;TU767

【参考文献】