川藏茶马古道（雅安段）景观要素分析与保护研究

发布时间：2018-06-18 11:34

本文选题：川藏茶马古道 + 古道景观　；参考：《四川农业大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：古道作为一种功能性主导的线性文化景观,是中国发展历史上的见证者和参与者,并且沉淀与积蓄历史人文、景观生态等多方面的丰富内涵。川藏茶马古道是茶马文化主要的承载者。在历史漫漫的长河之中,它作为连接汉藏以及多民族之间的互通贸易、文化交流的重要通道一直是中国古道系统中重要一脉。随着我国物质文化遗产工作的进行,以及文化线路热的兴起。茶马古道在经历岁月的洗礼之后慢慢向我们揭开其神秘的面纱。而雅安自秦汉时期作为四川茶马文化中心区域以及川藏联接线索上的重要节点更具有突出的综合价值。但是由于由于线性遗产的相关涉及的复杂度再加上我国古道保护工作的不够完善,使得茶马古道在一时的热切关注之后又慢慢冷却,以至于现在古道沿线珍贵的遗存再一次淹没在幽幽的时空之中。在此背景之下,本文通过对川藏茶马古道得景观资源进行实地调研与相关文献查阅,同时从景观学的角度出发,分析古道资源的景观组成,形态及特色等；在此基础上讨论古道景观的价值构成,构建出适宜的评价指标体系；明确了保护的侧重点,从而提出先关保护发展策略。本文的研究成果有以下：探寻川藏茶马古道的历史发展,追溯其本源,勾画出了雅安境内古道的具体情况具体的历史脉络,并且将其发展历程总结概括为四个时期分别是：萌芽时期、发展时期、成熟时期、衰落时期。梳理出雅安境内“大小”两路古道走向,在其基础上找到现存重要遗址并标注。以古道景观的内涵为主线,依据文化线路的要素,基于雅安境内古道景观实例调查的基础上,将茶马古道景观资源要素分为：自然环境层次、古道本体层次、附属设施层次以及无形文化遗产层次。并且得出出茶马古道雅安段具有“深远悠久,丰满浓厚”的历史背景；“自然内敛,清淡质朴”的景观之美；“民族璀璨,茶韵流香”的文化内涵三大景观特征。根据基础调研以及运用道路美学的审美要素,思考现存古道遗址的美学表现。对雅安境内古道遗存进行形态、空间、序列及色彩等方面的美学剖析。发现古道以是直曲折为主要形态,相互穿插得到丰富的景观体验。在色彩上古道景观呈现出暖灰色系,整体风格恬淡清逸；整体体现出粗犷朴拙的质感。空间尺度丰富协调,有旷奥开阔的自然空间,以及紧凑有序的驿站街区空间。整个线路水平层次饱满,垂直序列构成完整,构成有力的序列叙事感。从古道景观资源单点评价入手。运用层次分析法结合保存程度、历史价值、文化价值、美学价值、实用价值五项指标出发确定古道景观资源综合价值,发现雅安茶马古道具有在历史文化背景、自然与遗产资源的优势；保护力度不足以及发展单一无特色的现状问题。最后针对问题,以保护原则为指导,提出以及“点、线、面”的保护模式为主导,推行线型旅游模式并行,差异化的加强与形象提升三大具体措施。
[Abstract]:The ancient road, as a functional dominant linear cultural landscape, is the witness and participant in the history of China's development and the rich connotation of the accumulation of historical humanities and landscape ecology. The Sichuan Tibet tea horse ancient road is the main carrier of the tea horse culture. In the long and long river of history, it serves as a connection between the Han and Tibetan people and the multi ethnic group. The important channel of cultural exchange has always been an important channel in the Chinese ancient road system. With the progress of China's material cultural heritage and the rise of cultural lines, the tea horse road gradually unveiled its mysterious veil to us after the baptism of the years, and Ya'an is a Sichuan tea horse culture from the Qin and Han Dynasties. The central area and the important nodes on the connection clues of Sichuan and Tibet have more outstanding comprehensive value. However, due to the complexity of the correlation of the linear heritage and the inadequate protection of the ancient road in China, the tea horse ancient road is slowly cold after the instant hot attention, so that the precious remains along the ancient road are now preserved. Under this background, this paper makes a field survey and literature review on the landscape resources of the ancient Sichuan and Tibetan tea horse road. At the same time, from the perspective of landscape, the landscape composition, form and characteristics of the ancient road resources are analyzed. On this basis, the value composition of the ancient road landscape is discussed. The evaluation index system should be defined, the focus of protection is clear, and the development strategy of first customs protection is put forward. The research results of this paper are as follows: exploring the historical development of the ancient road in Sichuan and Tibet tea horse road, tracing back its origin, sketching out specific historical context of the concrete conditions of the ancient road in Ya'an, and summarizing its development course to four periods. They are: the germination period, the development period, the mature period and the decline period. To comb out the "size" ancient road in Ya'an, and to find the important existing sites on the basis of the ancient road landscape connotation as the main line, based on the elements of cultural lines, based on the investigation of the ancient road landscape in Ya'an, the ancient road of the tea horse road. The elements of landscape resources are divided into the natural environment level, the ancient road ontology level, the attached facilities level and the intangible cultural heritage level. And the Ya'an section of the tea horse ancient road has the historical background of "profound long, full and thick", the beauty of "natural and simple and simple", and the culture of "the bright nation and the tea rhyme". Culvert three major landscape features. Based on the basic investigation and the aesthetic elements of road aesthetics, the aesthetic manifestations of the existing ancient road sites are considered. The aesthetic analysis of the remains of ancient road in Ya'an is analyzed in terms of shape, space, sequence and color. The landscape of the upper ancient road shows a warm grey system, the whole style is tranquil and easy, the whole body embodies the rough and simple texture. The space scale is rich and coordinated, the open space is open, and the compact and orderly post station block space. The whole line is full of horizontal levels, the vertical sequence is complete, and the powerful sequence narration is formed. From the ancient landscape landscape. Starting with the single point evaluation of resources, the comprehensive value of ancient road landscape resources is determined by five indexes of preservation degree, historical value, cultural value, aesthetic value and practical value by using the analytic hierarchy process. It is found that the Ya'an tea horse road has the advantages of historical and cultural background, natural and heritage resources, inadequate protection and unitary development. At last, with the guidance of the protection principle, the protection mode of "point, line and surface" is the leading role in the problem. Three specific measures are carried out to promote the parallel mode of linear tourism, the enhancement of differentiation and the promotion of image.
【学位授予单位】：四川农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU984.18

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