废胶粉改性沥青的性能及机理研究

发布时间：2018-06-22 06:29

  本文选题：废胶粉 + 改性沥青　； 参考：《武汉科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：石油沥青被广泛应用在交通运输业(道路、铁路、航空)、建筑业、工业等各部门，但由于其自身的缺陷，如高温易软化，低温易脆裂，耐老化、抗疲劳等性能不太理想，因此，用聚合物来改善沥青性能是十分有效的途径，这其中废胶粉改性沥青又因其性能优越、资源丰富、价格便宜、加工工艺简单且能消除“黑色污染”等优点逐渐成为国内外研究的重点。 本文通过分析沥青的常规试验结果，探讨了材料因素(废胶粉粒径、掺量、改性剂1,2-聚丁二烯和C5石油树脂配比、SBS掺量)和改性工艺因素(剪切时间和剪切温度)对沥青性能的影响；采用红外光谱(IR)、荧光显微镜和差示扫描量热仪(DSC)等现代分析测试方法对比分析了基质沥青、废胶粉改性沥青、废胶粉复合改性沥青的红外光谱图以及废胶粉和沥青之间相容性和温度稳定性，并进一步探讨了废胶粉改性沥青的作用机理。 经过分析研究，得出如下主要结论： （1）随着废胶粉掺量的增加，废胶粉改性沥青的针入度下降、软化点升高、延度增加，且废胶粉掺量在15%左右时性能最佳； （2）在一定的范围内，废胶粉粒径越细，空间表面积越大，对沥青的改性效果越好，综合考虑成本和沥青性能，最佳的废胶粉粒径为在80目左右； （3）化学改性剂(1,2-聚丁二烯和C5石油树脂)和SBS都能改善沥青的性能，且二者的最佳掺量均为6%左右。对比分析化学改性剂和SBS对废胶粉改性沥青性能的影响，可以得出它们对废胶粉改性沥青的改性效果相当，因此，可以考虑用化学改性剂来部分替代SBS； （4）剪切温度和剪切时间对废胶粉改性沥青的性能影响较大，当剪切温度在160℃左右，剪切时间约为1h时，废胶粉改性沥青的改性效果最好； （5）由红外光谱图可知，沥青中掺入废胶粉后，既发生了化学改性作用，又发生了物理溶解、溶胀作用，废胶粉在一定程度上改变了沥青的结构，因而对沥青性能影响明显；荧光显微镜采集的图像表明，废胶粉同时具有吸附和填充双重作用；差示扫描量热DSC曲线表明，，化学改性剂-废胶粉复合改性沥青的吸热量或放热量最少，废胶粉改性沥青次之；废胶粉复合改性沥青的温度稳定性高于基质沥青，且高于废胶粉改性沥青。
[Abstract]:Petroleum asphalt is widely used in transportation (road, railway, aviation), construction, industry and other sectors, but because of its own defects, such as high temperature softening, low temperature brittle, aging resistance, fatigue and other performance is not ideal, It is a very effective way to improve asphalt performance by using polymer, among which waste rubber powder modified asphalt is cheap because of its superior performance, abundant resources and low price. The advantages of simple processing technology and eliminating "black pollution" have gradually become the focus of research at home and abroad. Based on the analysis of the conventional test results of asphalt, the material factors (particle size and content of waste rubber powder) are discussed in this paper. The effects of modifier 1 (2) -polybutadiene and C _ 5 petroleum resin (SBS) and modified process factors (shear time and shear temperature) on asphalt properties; The matrix asphalt and waste rubber powder modified asphalt were compared and analyzed by infrared spectroscopy (IR), fluorescence microscope and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The infrared spectrum of waste rubber powder composite modified asphalt, the compatibility and temperature stability between waste rubber powder and asphalt, and the action mechanism of waste rubber powder modified asphalt were discussed. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) with the increase of waste rubber powder content, the penetration of asphalt modified by waste rubber powder decreases, the softening point increases and the ductility increases, and the performance of waste rubber powder is the best when the content of waste rubber powder is about 15%; (2) in a certain range, the smaller the particle size of waste rubber powder and the larger the space surface area, the better the modification effect of asphalt is. Considering the cost and asphalt performance, the best particle size of waste rubber powder is about 80 mesh; (3) the properties of asphalt can be improved by chemical modifiers (1 / 2-polybutadiene and C _ (5) petroleum resin) and SBS, and the optimum content of both of them is about 6%. By comparing the effects of chemical modifiers and SBS on the properties of asphalt modified by waste rubber powder, it can be concluded that their modification effects on asphalt modified by waste rubber powder are similar. Therefore, we can consider using chemical modifiers to partly replace SBS; (4) Shear temperature and shearing time have great influence on the properties of asphalt modified by waste rubber powder. When the shear temperature is about 160 鈩

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