建筑用新型复合相变材料储能过程的模拟及实验研究

发布时间：2018-07-10 13:57

  本文选题：相变储能材料 + FLUENT　； 参考：《重庆大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：能源是人类赖以生存和发展的物质基础。随着经济的发展，能源紧缺成为人们日益关注的问题，节能减排技术势在必行。建筑节能是建筑业发展面临的新课题，是未来世界建筑发展的热点之一。将相变材料掺入传统保温隔热材料中制备的新型高效节能建筑墙体材料，不仅可以降低室内温度波动，提高室内热舒适度，还可以降低建筑采暖空调能耗，从而实现建筑节能。 本文采用FLUENT模拟软件，对添加相变材料的墙板的传热过程进行数值模拟。在运用已有实验数据验证了模型的可靠性基础上，利用数值模拟与实验分析相对比的方法，研究了相变墙板厚度及材料比例、相变墙板位置分布对储能过程的影响。研究发现，当板厚较小时，墙板热阻较小，板材内相变材料较少，其蓄热能力会相应的下降；当板厚过大时，热阻增加，相变墙板的换热能力下降，但是会发生相变材料渗漏的情况，因此存在相变材料的最佳配比。对相变墙板位置的优化分析得出，对以外扰为主的房间，要达到对室外温度扰动的较大衰减倍数和延迟效应，应将相变墙板内置。 针对过去研究中粉煤灰复合相变材料导热系数低的问题[1]，本文将泡沫铜作为多孔基质，制备出泡沫铜基复合相变材料，用DSC测量了其相变温度、相变潜热等物性参数，结果表明：添加泡沫铜后，复合相变材料的相变温度为18.6℃，，相对于纯相变储能材料的相变温度有所降低，但幅度不大，仍在人体舒适度温度范围之内，相变潜热为149.3J/g，比纯复合相变材料的潜热降低了26%，因而还是极具应用价值的。并且通过实验和模拟的方法测得泡沫铜基复合材料在融化和凝固过程中墙体内壁温度和空间点温度的变化曲线，比较得出，泡沫铜的添加可以显著提高复合材料的导热系数，达到建筑节能的目的。
[Abstract]:Energy is the material basis of human survival and development. With the development of economy, energy shortage has become an increasingly concerned problem, and energy saving and emission reduction technology is imperative. Building energy-saving is a new subject facing the development of the construction industry and one of the hotspots of the world architecture development in the future. A new type of high efficiency energy saving building wall material is prepared by adding phase change material into the traditional heat insulation material. It can not only reduce the fluctuation of indoor temperature and increase the indoor thermal comfort, but also reduce the energy consumption of building heating and air conditioning, so as to realize building energy saving. In this paper, the heat transfer process of wall panel with phase change material is numerically simulated by fluent software. On the basis of the reliability of the model verified by the existing experimental data, the effects of the thickness and the material ratio of the PCMs and the distribution of the PCMs on the energy storage process are studied by comparing the numerical simulation with the experimental analysis. It is found that when the thickness of the plate is small, the thermal resistance of the wall plate is smaller, and the heat storage capacity of the wall plate is less, and when the plate thickness is too large, the heat resistance increases and the heat transfer capacity of the wall plate decreases. However, the leakage of phase change material will occur, so there is the best proportion of phase change material. By optimizing the position of phase change wall panel, it is concluded that in order to achieve the large attenuation multiple and delay effect of outdoor temperature disturbance, the phase change wall board should be built in. In view of the problem of low thermal conductivity of fly ash composite phase change material in the past [1], the foam copper matrix composite phase change material was prepared by using copper foam as porous matrix. The phase change temperature and latent heat of phase change were measured by DSC. The results show that the phase transition temperature of the composite phase change material is 18.6 鈩

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