自保温墙体热工性能研究

发布时间：2018-07-17 07:30

【摘要】：随着国家对建筑节能和墙材革新工作的高度重视，政府部门重点推进保温、防火、环保的多功能复合新型墙体材料的生产应用，建筑墙体保温材料不断发展。针对目前市场上存在的典型保温材料的优缺点，本文以建筑自保温墙体为研究对象，主要进行建筑自保温墙体中自保温砌块的结构优化分析、自保温墙体的热工参数计算分析以及在夏热冬冷地区自保温墙体的应用性能分析，为自保温墙体材料在夏热冬冷地区的推广、保温材料的设计提供应用基础。 首先，建立了建筑自保温砌块的热阻计算模型，分析了壁厚、孔洞率、孔排列方式对自保温砌块热阻大小的影响；又考虑了砌块的结构抗压性能，采用有限元法模拟了砌块在载荷10MPa下的应力分布，分析了孔洞率、孔排列方式对砌块抗压强度的影响。 其次，从砌块热工性能和结构性能两个方面考虑砌块的优化，确定了一种两排三孔、内填充聚苯乙烯板的自保温砌块，采用防护热箱法对其进行传热系数的检测实验，检测其平均综合传热系数为0.614W/(m2·K)，能完全满足建筑节能50%的标准。并将实验结果与理论计算结果进行误差分析，证明模型的正确性。 然后，以夏热冬冷地区住宅建筑为例，分析了自保温墙体对室内热环境及墙体内表面结露的影响。计算得出的各项指标均表明建筑自保温墙体能为室内创造良好的热环境；冬季室内采暖18℃时自保温墙体内表面温度高于露点温度，各材料界面饱和水蒸汽压力高于实际水蒸气压力，墙体内部不会冷凝。并对比分析了传统墙体材料、外保温墙体材料对室内热湿环境的影响。 最后，针对建筑自保温墙体中外墙及柱子连接处的热桥传热，，建立了三维稳态传热模型，采用CFD方法模拟了热桥部位的温度场分布及热流大小；并数值模拟了灰缝对墙体温度分布的影响，发现灰缝对墙体温度分布影响显著。 综上，本文全面系统地进行了自保温墙体的热工性能、应用性能以及热桥的关键问题研究。分析掌握自保温墙体材料存在的优劣势，为墙体材料热工参数设计、防潮设计、热桥保温措施设计提供基础研究。
[Abstract]:With the attention paid by the state to building energy saving and wall material innovation, the production and application of multi-functional composite wall materials, such as heat preservation, fire prevention and environmental protection, have been promoted by government departments, and the building wall insulation materials have been continuously developed. In view of the advantages and disadvantages of the typical insulation materials in the market at present, this paper takes the building self-insulating wall as the research object, mainly carries on the structural optimization analysis of the self-insulating block in the building self-insulating wall. The calculation and analysis of the thermal parameters of the self-insulating wall and the application performance analysis of the self-insulating wall in the hot summer and cold winter area provide the basis for the application of the self-insulating wall material in the hot summer and cold winter area and the design of the insulation material. First of all, the thermal resistance calculation model of building self-insulating block is established, and the influence of wall thickness, hole ratio and hole arrangement on the thermal resistance of self-insulating block is analyzed, and the structural compressive performance of the block is also considered. The stress distribution of block under 10 MPA load is simulated by finite element method, and the influence of porosity and pore arrangement on the compressive strength of block is analyzed. Secondly, considering the optimization of block from two aspects of thermal performance and structural performance of block, a kind of self-insulating block with two rows and three holes filled with polystyrene plate is determined, and the heat transfer coefficient of the block is tested by the method of protective heat box. The average comprehensive heat transfer coefficient is 0.614 W / (m ~ 2 K), which can fully meet the standard of building energy saving 50%. The model is proved to be correct by error analysis between the experimental results and the theoretical results. Then, taking residential buildings in hot summer and cold winter area as an example, the influence of self-insulation wall on indoor thermal environment and inner surface dew is analyzed. The calculated results show that the self-insulating wall can create a good thermal environment for the indoor, and the internal surface temperature of the self-insulating wall is higher than the dew point temperature at 18 鈩

本文编号：2129609