强震作用下混凝土结构的整体损伤演化与倒塌安全储备
发布时间：2018-07-21 16:29
【摘要】：发展合理的整体损伤模型来评估结构在地震作用下的损伤程度,以及在此前提下对强震作用下结构倒塌安全储备能力的正确评估,对于完善现行抗震设计方法具有积极意义。合理应用倒塌安全储备系数(CMR),对于实现结构的抗倒塌设计,以及耗能减震结构、锈蚀结构等特殊结构的加固均具有一定的指导作用。本文以结构的地震整体损伤和倒塌安全储备两个关键问题为主线,针对目前整体损伤模型所存在的问题提出了考虑多阶模态的结构整体损伤模型；对结构倒塌安全储备能力评估中所涉及到的地震动强度指标的选择、地震波等因素做了相应的讨论；围绕着结构的倒塌安全储备能力,讨论了其在结构抗倒塌设计中的应用,并对耗能减震结构及锈蚀结构的倒塌安全储备能力及其应用做了相关的研究。主要研究内容和结论如下： (1)结合模态Pushover分析方法中的相关公式,以及FEMA273中刚度与周期之间的关系式,由Ghobarah损伤模型推导了能够考虑高阶模态对结构整体损伤贡献的多模态整体损伤模型。该模型为Ghobarah损伤模型和最终软化指标法之间建立起了联系的桥梁,能够同时考虑地震前后结构振型和各阶周期的变化对结构整体损伤的影响。分析表明,随着结构高度的增加,以及强震作用下结构非线性程度的加剧,会有更多的高阶模态对结构的整体损伤产生影响,因而,在结构损伤计算过程中,考虑高阶模态对整体损伤的影响是十分必要的；通过与其他模型进行对比验证了多模态损伤模型的合理性,该模型易于使用,其对于强震作用下结构的损伤评估具有较好的适用性。 (2)提出了对不同周期段的结构,应采用符合结构特点的地震动强度指标来评估结构的倒塌安全储备能力；并且应该根据地震动年平均超越概率以及地震波谱形状差异对CMR值进行修正。分析表明,当考虑基本周期延长时,对于中短周期结构,地震动强度指标建议采用考虑周期软化的谱加速度指标Sa*代替基本周期谱加速度指标Sa(T1)；对于中周期结构,Sa(T1)和Housner谱强度指标肼均较为适用；对于长周期结构,采用SI会明显优于Sa(T1)；对重要的长周期结构,应结合特定的场地谱来确定结构的CMR值,否则很可能会高估了结构的倒塌安全储备能力。 (3)结合多模态整体损伤模型,建立了利用倒塌安全储备的薄弱层抗倒塌设计方法。探讨了结构在强地震动作用下倒塌状态所对应的最大层间位移角大小和出现位置的不确定性,以及不同峰值地面加速度水平下结构薄弱层位置的演化规律。分析表明,对于严格按规范最低标准设计的不同层数的结构,由于高阶模态参与结构响应,造成了结构极限层间位移角的差异；通过对倒塌状态下薄弱层的有效控制,可以提高结构的倒塌安全储备系数；此外,就本文算例而言,结构倒塌状态下的最大层间位移角与结构倒塌安全储备之间存在一定的正相关关系。 (4)针对耗能减震结构的特点,提出了基于Pushover分析的倒塌安全储备系数的确定方法。该方法通过耗能减震结构罕遇地震下的谱加速度值,并结合Pushover分析得到的倒塌地震动强度来确定耗能减震结构的CMR。分析表明,确定耗能减震结构罕遇地震下的谱加速度值时,有必要考虑结构基本周期及罕遇地震下的总阻尼比的变化；该方法在显著提高计算效率的同时,计算结果偏于保守地合理,并且也证实了添加耗能器后结构大震下的抗震能力和倒塌安全储备能力都有了明显的提升。 (5)通过锈蚀结构损伤发展趋势的分析,并考虑了罕遇地震谱加速度值受剩余使用年限影响等方面,来确定锈蚀结构的倒塌安全储备能力；结合了锈蚀结构CMR时变性的特点来实现其FRP加固。分析表明,由于锈蚀结构存在初始损伤,以及钢筋粘结滑移的影响,锈蚀结构的损伤发展明显快于完好结构；对于锈蚀结构应该根据结构的剩余使用寿命来确定罕遇地震谱加速度值,否则将会低估了锈蚀结构的倒塌安全储备能力；以锈蚀结构的CMR作为性能指标,可以实现对锈蚀结构的合理加固。
[Abstract]:The development of a reasonable overall damage model to assess the damage degree of the structure under the earthquake action and the correct assessment of the safety reserve capacity of structural collapse under the premise of strong earthquakes is of positive significance for improving the current seismic design method. The rational application of the collapse safety reserve coefficient (CMR) for the realization of the anti collapse of the structure is made. The reinforcement of special structures, such as energy dissipation structures, corrosion structures and other special structures, has a certain guiding role. In this paper, two key problems of structural earthquake damage and collapse safety reserve are taken as the main line, and a structural integral damage model considering multiple modes is proposed for the problems existing in the current overall damage model. The selection of the strength index of ground motion and seismic waves involved in the assessment of the collapse safety reserve capacity are discussed, and the application of the structural collapse safety reserve capability is discussed around the structural collapse safety reserve capacity, and the collapse safety reserve capacity and its application of the energy dissipation structure and the corrosion structure are also made. The main research contents and conclusions are as follows:
(1) combining the correlation formula in the modal Pushover analysis method and the relation between the stiffness and the period in the FEMA273, the multimodal integral damage model which can consider the contribution of the high order mode to the overall damage of the structure is derived from the Ghobarah damage model. The model establishes the connection between the Ghobarah damage model and the final softening index method. It is shown that, with the increase of the structure height and the intensification of the nonlinear degree of the structure under the action of strong earthquake, more high order modes will affect the overall damage of the structure. Therefore, the calculation process of structural damage can be achieved. It is necessary to consider the effect of high order mode on the damage of the whole. By comparing with other models, the rationality of the multimodal damage model is verified. The model is easy to use, and it has good applicability for damage assessment of structure under strong earthquake.
(2) the structure of different period sections is proposed. The seismic strength index of the structure should be used to evaluate the safety reserve capacity of the structure, and the CMR value should be corrected according to the average transcendental probability and the difference of the seismic spectrum shape. Structure, the strength index of ground motion is suggested to replace the basic periodic spectral acceleration index Sa (T1) with periodic spectral acceleration index Sa* instead of basic periodic spectral acceleration index (T1); for medium periodic structure, Sa (T1) and Housner spectral intensity index hydrazine are more applicable; for long period structure, SI will be obviously better than Sa (T1); for important long period structure, it should be combined with particular. The site spectrum is used to determine the CMR value of the structure, otherwise it is likely to overestimate the safety reserve capacity of the structure.
(3) combining the multi-modal integral damage model, the anti collapse design method of the weak layer with the collapse safety reserve is established, and the uncertainty of the maximum interlayer displacement angle and the position of the structure under the collapse state of the structure under the strong ground motion, as well as the evolution of the weak layer position of the structure under the different peak ground acceleration levels are discussed. The analysis shows that, for the structure of different layers which are designed strictly according to the standard minimum standard, because of the high order mode participation in the structural response, the difference of the displacement angle between the limit layers is caused. By the effective control of the weak layer under the collapse state, the safety reserve coefficient of the structure can be improved. In addition, in this paper, a conclusion is made. There is a positive correlation between the maximum interstory drift angle and the safety reserve of structural collapse.
(4) in view of the characteristics of energy dissipation structures, a method for determining the safety factor of collapse safety based on Pushover analysis is proposed. This method is used to determine the energy dissipation structure by using the energy dissipation structure and the collapse ground motion intensity of Pushover analysis to determine the energy dissipation structure, and to determine the energy dissipation structure. It is necessary to consider the changes in the basic structure period and the total damping ratio under the rare earthquake. This method is more conservative and reasonable, and proves that the seismic capacity and the safety reserve capacity of the collapse under the big earthquake after adding the energy dissipator are both proved. An obvious promotion.
(5) through the analysis of the development trend of the corrosion structure damage, and considering the impact of the rare earthquake spectrum acceleration on the remaining years of use, the safety reserve capacity of the rusted structure is determined, and the FRP reinforcement is realized by the characteristic of the corrosion structure CMR time variation. The analysis shows that the corrosion structure has initial damage and steel. The damage development of the corrosion structure is obviously faster than the intact structure, and the corrosion structure should be based on the residual service life of the structure to determine the earthquake spectrum acceleration value, otherwise the safety reserve capacity of the rusted structure will be underestimated. The corrosion structure CMR can be used as the performance index to achieve the corrosion of the corrosion structure. The rational reinforcement of the structure.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU37;TU312.3
本文编号：2136116
[Abstract]:The development of a reasonable overall damage model to assess the damage degree of the structure under the earthquake action and the correct assessment of the safety reserve capacity of structural collapse under the premise of strong earthquakes is of positive significance for improving the current seismic design method. The rational application of the collapse safety reserve coefficient (CMR) for the realization of the anti collapse of the structure is made. The reinforcement of special structures, such as energy dissipation structures, corrosion structures and other special structures, has a certain guiding role. In this paper, two key problems of structural earthquake damage and collapse safety reserve are taken as the main line, and a structural integral damage model considering multiple modes is proposed for the problems existing in the current overall damage model. The selection of the strength index of ground motion and seismic waves involved in the assessment of the collapse safety reserve capacity are discussed, and the application of the structural collapse safety reserve capability is discussed around the structural collapse safety reserve capacity, and the collapse safety reserve capacity and its application of the energy dissipation structure and the corrosion structure are also made. The main research contents and conclusions are as follows:
(1) combining the correlation formula in the modal Pushover analysis method and the relation between the stiffness and the period in the FEMA273, the multimodal integral damage model which can consider the contribution of the high order mode to the overall damage of the structure is derived from the Ghobarah damage model. The model establishes the connection between the Ghobarah damage model and the final softening index method. It is shown that, with the increase of the structure height and the intensification of the nonlinear degree of the structure under the action of strong earthquake, more high order modes will affect the overall damage of the structure. Therefore, the calculation process of structural damage can be achieved. It is necessary to consider the effect of high order mode on the damage of the whole. By comparing with other models, the rationality of the multimodal damage model is verified. The model is easy to use, and it has good applicability for damage assessment of structure under strong earthquake.
(2) the structure of different period sections is proposed. The seismic strength index of the structure should be used to evaluate the safety reserve capacity of the structure, and the CMR value should be corrected according to the average transcendental probability and the difference of the seismic spectrum shape. Structure, the strength index of ground motion is suggested to replace the basic periodic spectral acceleration index Sa (T1) with periodic spectral acceleration index Sa* instead of basic periodic spectral acceleration index (T1); for medium periodic structure, Sa (T1) and Housner spectral intensity index hydrazine are more applicable; for long period structure, SI will be obviously better than Sa (T1); for important long period structure, it should be combined with particular. The site spectrum is used to determine the CMR value of the structure, otherwise it is likely to overestimate the safety reserve capacity of the structure.
(3) combining the multi-modal integral damage model, the anti collapse design method of the weak layer with the collapse safety reserve is established, and the uncertainty of the maximum interlayer displacement angle and the position of the structure under the collapse state of the structure under the strong ground motion, as well as the evolution of the weak layer position of the structure under the different peak ground acceleration levels are discussed. The analysis shows that, for the structure of different layers which are designed strictly according to the standard minimum standard, because of the high order mode participation in the structural response, the difference of the displacement angle between the limit layers is caused. By the effective control of the weak layer under the collapse state, the safety reserve coefficient of the structure can be improved. In addition, in this paper, a conclusion is made. There is a positive correlation between the maximum interstory drift angle and the safety reserve of structural collapse.
(4) in view of the characteristics of energy dissipation structures, a method for determining the safety factor of collapse safety based on Pushover analysis is proposed. This method is used to determine the energy dissipation structure by using the energy dissipation structure and the collapse ground motion intensity of Pushover analysis to determine the energy dissipation structure, and to determine the energy dissipation structure. It is necessary to consider the changes in the basic structure period and the total damping ratio under the rare earthquake. This method is more conservative and reasonable, and proves that the seismic capacity and the safety reserve capacity of the collapse under the big earthquake after adding the energy dissipator are both proved. An obvious promotion.
(5) through the analysis of the development trend of the corrosion structure damage, and considering the impact of the rare earthquake spectrum acceleration on the remaining years of use, the safety reserve capacity of the rusted structure is determined, and the FRP reinforcement is realized by the characteristic of the corrosion structure CMR time variation. The analysis shows that the corrosion structure has initial damage and steel. The damage development of the corrosion structure is obviously faster than the intact structure, and the corrosion structure should be based on the residual service life of the structure to determine the earthquake spectrum acceleration value, otherwise the safety reserve capacity of the rusted structure will be underestimated. The corrosion structure CMR can be used as the performance index to achieve the corrosion of the corrosion structure. The rational reinforcement of the structure.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU37;TU312.3
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