严寒城市公共空间景观活力模式研究

发布时间：2018-07-22 20:39

【摘要】：当代城市公共空间的景观活力与否对于提高居民经济和生活水平、改善城市面貌具有一定程度的影响。优秀的城市景观应具有活力,能够吸引使用者前来参与并做停留。严寒城市夏季活力普遍高涨,同时在冬季出现常规性的活力低下,因冬季漫长寒冷而引发的一系列缺陷。公共空间设计忽视严寒城市区域特征,景观空间功能单一,不能满足市民对户外空间使用的多样化需求。因此,对于严寒城市活力模式的提出更为迫切。本文研究内容共分为四部分。第一章主要说明研究的背景、目的和意义、国内外研究现状、研究范畴和方法,简要介绍研究的基本内容和框架。提出了严寒城市对于景观活力研究与实践方面的问题。第二章诠释景观活力概念,明确研究的核心;对马库斯的人性场所理论、亚力山大建筑模式语言、马斯洛环境需要理论、扬.盖尔户外空间行为理论、环境行为学理论等相关理论进行综述,提炼景观活力的三重维度,从空间载体、自然要素、社会事件的角度详细阐释,为整个论文的研究建立基础平台。第三章大量调研数据为支撑,从典型严寒城市选取活力最高的3处公园、2处广场和2处商业街进行长期观察与记录,分析其具有景观活力的原因。第四章针对目前严寒城市景观现状,提出了如何驱动景观活力并激活的多种典型模式,针对第二章提出的景观活力维度和第三章调研数据将其归纳为三类,即空间形态承载的活力模式、自然要素调节的活力模式、社会事件激发的活力模式等。结语总结了全文的主要研究结论,阐明研究的贡献。本文具有三点研究结果,首先,在风景园林学科范围内对“活力”、“模式”等概念的文献综述,阐释城市景观活力的定义;其次,以哈尔滨、长春等城市为代表,七处典型景观为研究对象,在大量调研数据收集与整理的基础上总结了城市景观活力的三重维度,分别为空间形态、自然要素、社会事件等。最后,运用文字与照片相结合的方式,从案例中提取出典型的严寒城市景观活力模式三大类,十一小类,共三十八条,并用图示语言加以抽象化描述。对于严寒城市的景观活力研究不仅包括中国东北部、西北部城市,国外典型城市同时存在多处值得借鉴与发展的模式,日后对于该研究的完善,可从国内外等其他城市入手。
[Abstract]:The landscape vitality of contemporary urban public space has a certain degree of influence on the improvement of residents' economy and living standard and the improvement of urban appearance. Excellent urban landscape should be dynamic and able to attract users to participate and stay. The vitality of cold cities is generally high in summer, and a series of defects caused by long and cold winters are found at the same time, the conventional vitality is low in winter. The design of public space neglects the regional characteristics of cold cities, and the function of landscape space is single, which can not meet the diverse needs of citizens for outdoor space use. Therefore, it is more urgent to put forward the dynamic mode of cold city. This paper is divided into four parts. The first chapter mainly describes the background, purpose and significance of the study, the current situation of research at home and abroad, research categories and methods, and briefly introduces the basic content and framework of the study. The research and practice of landscape vitality in cold cities are put forward. The second chapter explains the concept of landscape vitality and clarifies the core of the research; to Marcus's theory of human nature and place, Alexander's architectural model language, Maslow's environmental need theory, Yang. Gayle outdoor behavior theory, environmental behavior theory and other related theories are summarized, the three dimensions of landscape vitality are refined, from the point of view of space carrier, natural elements, social events, it is explained in detail. The basic platform is established for the research of the whole thesis. Based on a large number of investigation data in the third chapter, two parks and two commercial streets with the highest vitality were selected from the typical cold cities for long-term observation and recording, and the reasons for the vitality of the landscape were analyzed. In the fourth chapter, aiming at the current situation of the cold city landscape, the author puts forward several typical models of how to drive and activate the landscape vitality, and summarizes it into three categories according to the dimension of landscape vitality and the survey data in chapter three. That is, the dynamic mode of spatial form, the dynamic mode of natural factor regulation, the dynamic mode of social event excitation, and so on. The conclusion summarizes the main research conclusions and clarifies the contribution of the research. This paper has three research results: firstly, literature review on the concepts of "vitality" and "mode" in the scope of landscape architecture, explaining the definition of urban landscape vitality; secondly, Harbin, Changchun and other cities as representatives, On the basis of collecting and sorting out a large number of data, this paper summarizes the three dimensions of urban landscape vitality, which are spatial form, natural elements, social events and so on. Finally, using the method of combining text and photo, we extract from the case three types, eleven subcategories and 38 pieces of vivacious patterns of the typical cold city landscape, and use the graphic language to describe them abstractly. The study on the landscape vitality of cold cities includes not only the cities of northeast and northwest of China, but also the typical cities of foreign countries, which are worthy of reference and development at the same time. In the future, the improvement of this research can be started from other cities, such as at home and abroad.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU984.113

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