稻壳灰高性能混凝土耐久性能试验研究
发布时间：2018-07-27 11:10
【摘要】：建筑材料改革与建筑节能已成为我国的基本国策,研制满足国家建筑节能规范的新型结构材料,已成为材料科研工作者的使命。发展绿色环保的高性能耐久的混凝土,是通过不断外掺添加剂和混合材料来开发研究的。由于我国的稻谷生产量大,其年产的谷壳可达三千多万吨,从开发绿色保温隔热混凝土、减少环境的污染、提高稻壳灰利用率的多重要求出发,研究开发稻壳灰高性能混凝土成为当今的新型课题。稻壳灰水泥混凝土不仅可作为渠道衬砌材料使用,而更能作为一种绿色环保保温材料使用。外掺稻壳灰不但能提高混凝土自身密实度,还在一定程度上节约水泥。根据稻壳灰不同的性能,开发研究新型绿色环保混凝土是目前研究的一大热点,同时也具有显著的经济效益、环保效益,对支持地方经济发展有重要意义。 本文以稻壳灰对混凝土性能的影响规律作为主要研究目的,通过正交试验,研究了稻壳灰掺量、水胶比、砂率等五个因素对混凝土性能的影响,优选了水胶比、砂率及稻壳灰、粉煤灰和硅灰的掺量。以基准组作为比较对象,研究了优选组、单掺稻壳灰组对混凝土抗压强度、导热性能、抗渗防冻等性能的影响规律。主要研究结果如下： (1)通过正交试验,对稻壳灰混凝土优选出了最优配比A3B3C3D2E2:水灰比0.4,稻壳灰掺量18%,粉煤灰掺量150%,砂率为40%,硅灰掺量30%,混凝土抗压强度能达到68.03MPa,满足95%的强度保证率,且最优配合比下的混凝土工作性能、力学性能及耐久性良好。 (2)正交试验的结果表明：在标准养护下,水胶比、稻壳灰掺量等各因素对混凝土28d抗压强度的影响显著性顺序为：A(水胶比)E(硅灰)C(粉煤灰)B(稻壳灰)D(砂率)；对28d抗拉强度影响的显著性顺序为：ACDEB;对28d拉压比影响的显著性顺序为：ACDEB;而在干燥养护条件下,各因素对混凝土28d抗压强度的影响显著性顺序为：E(硅灰)A(水胶比)C(粉煤灰)B(稻壳灰)D(砂率)；对28d抗拉强度影响的显著性顺序为：AECBD;对28d拉压比影响的显著性顺序为：CABDE。 (3)混凝土导热系数测定透试验表明：标养条件下,基准组J和最优组Z相比,Z导热系数最低,幅度减小21.66%。干养条件下,基准组J和最优组Z相比,Z导热系数最低,幅度减小29.26%。表明稻壳灰掺量10-20%的最优组混凝土传热能力相对较慢,导热系数最低,为稻壳灰混凝土保温隔热能力提供了理论基础。同时三组试验在干养和标养两种养护条件下导热性能相差不大,可做进一步研究。 (4)混凝土抗渗试验表明：复掺稻壳灰、粉煤灰和硅灰与其他对比组混凝土相比较,在标养条件下和干养条件下混凝土相对渗透系数均有所降低,降幅分别为35.98%和47.11%,表明复掺稻壳灰、粉煤灰和硅灰能显著提高混凝土的抗渗性能。且最优组在干养条件下混凝土相对渗透系数比标养条件下渗透系数低,表明干养条件下混凝土抗渗性能较标养条件下好。 (5)从混凝土防冻试验可以得出：两种养护条件下,复掺稻壳灰、粉煤灰和硅灰的混凝土相对动弹性模量明显高于J两组,而且下降曲线相似,表明掺入稻壳灰显著提高了混凝土的抗冻能力。标养下Z组相对动弹模量高于干养条件下Z组1.18%。混凝土的相对动弹模量的关系为：PzPDPJ,所以混凝土的抗冻融能力依次为：ZDJ。
[Abstract]:The reform of building materials and building energy conservation have become the basic national policy of our country. It has become the mission of the material scientific research workers to develop new structural materials to meet the national standard of building energy conservation. The development of high performance and durable concrete for green environmental protection is developed by adding additives and mixed materials constantly. With the large output, its annual grain hull can reach about thirty million tons. Starting from the development of green thermal insulation concrete, reducing the pollution of the environment and increasing the multiple requirements of the rice husk ash utilization, the research and development of high performance concrete of rice husk ash has become a new topic. The ash cement mixed soil of rice husk can not only be used as the lining material of the canal, but also can be used as the material of the canal lining. Using rice husk ash not only improves the compactness of concrete, but also saves cement to a certain extent. According to the different properties of rice husk ash, it is a hot spot to develop and study new green environmental protection concrete at present, at the same time, it also has obvious economic and environmental benefits, and supports the local classics. Economic development is of great significance.
In this paper, the effect of rice hull ash on concrete performance is taken as the main purpose. Through orthogonal test, the effects of five factors, such as ash content, water gel ratio and sand rate, on the performance of concrete are studied. The ratio of water to glue, sand ratio, rice husk ash, fly ash and silica fume are optimized. The influence of rice husk ash group on the compressive strength, thermal conductivity, anti permeability and frost resistance of concrete is studied.
(1) through orthogonal test, the optimum ratio of A3B3C3D2E2: water cement ratio is 0.4, the amount of ash content of rice husk is 0.4, the ash content of rice husk is 18%, the fly ash content is 150%, the sand rate is 40%, the content of silica fume is 30%, the compressive strength of concrete can reach 68.03MPa, and the strength guarantee rate of 95% is satisfied, and the concrete working performance under the optimal mix ratio, mechanical property and durability are good. OK.
(2) the results of orthogonal test showed that under the standard curing, the effect of water to glue ratio and the amount of rice husk ash content on the compressive strength of concrete 28d was A (silica ash) E (silica fume) C (fly ash) B (rice husk ash) D (sand ratio); the significant order of influence on tensile strength of 28d was ACDEB, and the significant order of the effect on 28d tensile ratio was the significant order ACDEB, and under the condition of dry curing, the significant order of the influence of various factors on the compressive strength of concrete 28d is: E (silica fume) A (water glue ratio) C (fly ash) B (rice husk ash) D (sand ratio); the significant order of influence on tensile strength of 28d is AECBD, and the significant order of the influence on 28d pull pressure ratio is CABDE..
(3) the test of measuring the thermal conductivity of concrete shows that, under the standard condition, compared with the optimal group Z, the Z thermal conductivity of the base group J is the lowest, and the amplitude decreases under the 21.66%. dry condition. Compared with the optimal group Z, the J and the optimal group Z have the lowest thermal conductivity, and the amplitude 29.26%. shows that the optimal heat transfer ability of the optimal group of the rice husk ash content is relatively slow, and the heat conduction is relatively slow. The coefficient is the lowest, which provides a theoretical basis for the thermal insulation ability of the rice husk ash concrete. At the same time, the thermal conductivity of the three groups in the dry and standard curing conditions has little difference, which can be further studied.
(4) the concrete impermeability test showed that the relative permeability coefficient of the concrete was reduced by 35.98% and 47.11% under the standard and dry conditions, which showed that the concrete mixed with rice hull ash, fly ash and silica fume could significantly improve the anti permeability of concrete. Under the dry condition, the relative permeability coefficient of concrete is lower than that under the standard condition, which shows that the permeability of concrete under dry condition is better than that under the standard condition.
(5) it can be obtained from the concrete antifreeze test that the relative dynamic elastic modulus of concrete mixed with rice husk ash, fly ash and silica fume is obviously higher than that of J two groups under two curing conditions, and the decrease curve is similar, which indicates that the mixing of rice hull ash significantly improves the anti freezing ability of concrete. The relative kinetic modulus of Z group under the standard breeding is higher than that of the Z group under the dry condition. The relative dynamic modulus of concrete is PzPDPJ, so the freezing and thawing resistance of concrete is ZDJ.
【学位授予单位】：宁夏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU528
本文编号：2147631
[Abstract]:The reform of building materials and building energy conservation have become the basic national policy of our country. It has become the mission of the material scientific research workers to develop new structural materials to meet the national standard of building energy conservation. The development of high performance and durable concrete for green environmental protection is developed by adding additives and mixed materials constantly. With the large output, its annual grain hull can reach about thirty million tons. Starting from the development of green thermal insulation concrete, reducing the pollution of the environment and increasing the multiple requirements of the rice husk ash utilization, the research and development of high performance concrete of rice husk ash has become a new topic. The ash cement mixed soil of rice husk can not only be used as the lining material of the canal, but also can be used as the material of the canal lining. Using rice husk ash not only improves the compactness of concrete, but also saves cement to a certain extent. According to the different properties of rice husk ash, it is a hot spot to develop and study new green environmental protection concrete at present, at the same time, it also has obvious economic and environmental benefits, and supports the local classics. Economic development is of great significance.
In this paper, the effect of rice hull ash on concrete performance is taken as the main purpose. Through orthogonal test, the effects of five factors, such as ash content, water gel ratio and sand rate, on the performance of concrete are studied. The ratio of water to glue, sand ratio, rice husk ash, fly ash and silica fume are optimized. The influence of rice husk ash group on the compressive strength, thermal conductivity, anti permeability and frost resistance of concrete is studied.
(1) through orthogonal test, the optimum ratio of A3B3C3D2E2: water cement ratio is 0.4, the amount of ash content of rice husk is 0.4, the ash content of rice husk is 18%, the fly ash content is 150%, the sand rate is 40%, the content of silica fume is 30%, the compressive strength of concrete can reach 68.03MPa, and the strength guarantee rate of 95% is satisfied, and the concrete working performance under the optimal mix ratio, mechanical property and durability are good. OK.
(2) the results of orthogonal test showed that under the standard curing, the effect of water to glue ratio and the amount of rice husk ash content on the compressive strength of concrete 28d was A (silica ash) E (silica fume) C (fly ash) B (rice husk ash) D (sand ratio); the significant order of influence on tensile strength of 28d was ACDEB, and the significant order of the effect on 28d tensile ratio was the significant order ACDEB, and under the condition of dry curing, the significant order of the influence of various factors on the compressive strength of concrete 28d is: E (silica fume) A (water glue ratio) C (fly ash) B (rice husk ash) D (sand ratio); the significant order of influence on tensile strength of 28d is AECBD, and the significant order of the influence on 28d pull pressure ratio is CABDE..
(3) the test of measuring the thermal conductivity of concrete shows that, under the standard condition, compared with the optimal group Z, the Z thermal conductivity of the base group J is the lowest, and the amplitude decreases under the 21.66%. dry condition. Compared with the optimal group Z, the J and the optimal group Z have the lowest thermal conductivity, and the amplitude 29.26%. shows that the optimal heat transfer ability of the optimal group of the rice husk ash content is relatively slow, and the heat conduction is relatively slow. The coefficient is the lowest, which provides a theoretical basis for the thermal insulation ability of the rice husk ash concrete. At the same time, the thermal conductivity of the three groups in the dry and standard curing conditions has little difference, which can be further studied.
(4) the concrete impermeability test showed that the relative permeability coefficient of the concrete was reduced by 35.98% and 47.11% under the standard and dry conditions, which showed that the concrete mixed with rice hull ash, fly ash and silica fume could significantly improve the anti permeability of concrete. Under the dry condition, the relative permeability coefficient of concrete is lower than that under the standard condition, which shows that the permeability of concrete under dry condition is better than that under the standard condition.
(5) it can be obtained from the concrete antifreeze test that the relative dynamic elastic modulus of concrete mixed with rice husk ash, fly ash and silica fume is obviously higher than that of J two groups under two curing conditions, and the decrease curve is similar, which indicates that the mixing of rice hull ash significantly improves the anti freezing ability of concrete. The relative kinetic modulus of Z group under the standard breeding is higher than that of the Z group under the dry condition. The relative dynamic modulus of concrete is PzPDPJ, so the freezing and thawing resistance of concrete is ZDJ.
【学位授予单位】：宁夏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU528
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