外墙外保温系统保温模拟与工艺研究

发布时间：2018-08-02 19:05

【摘要】：随着能源枯竭严重，节能减排成为我国近几年来的工作重心。我国建筑行业的总能耗占到所有能耗的27%，因此节能减排成为我国建筑行业的重要问题，而由于外墙保温系统不合理导致的能源浪费在建筑能耗中占到很大一部分。但是我国在外墙保温系统中又面临一个重要问题：近年来我国火灾频频发生，其中由外墙保温系统而引起的火灾所占的比例在逐步上升，如何解决这一难题成为众多学者的研究课题。外墙外保温系统保温性与防火性能是本文研究的主要内容。首先总结和分析了国内外外墙保温系统的发展现状，并将欧美等国的外保温材料与我国的进行对比，并且根据我国不同类型建筑能量消耗比例图我们得出大力推广新型材料在外保温系统中的应用是很有必要的。同时，总结国内外的文献我们发现在我国发生的多起大型火灾中，多数是由于保温材料系统不合格引起的，因此笔者提出应该并重外保温系统的保温性能和防火性能对我国常见的集中外墙保温系统的保温性和防火性进行有限元模拟，结果显示：筑物外墙保温系统中应该优先使用导热系数小于0.05的材料；保温层厚度在0mm-150mm之间时，，保温层厚度的增加对于系统的保温性能影响很大，当保温层厚度超过150mm时，保温层厚度对于系统的保温特性影响很小；同时以相同保温材料为主的保温系统的保温特性很接近，二者之间的保温差别主要有构造措施决定。研究发现以苯板为主要隔热层的保温系统防火性能要明显低于以岩棉和玻璃棉为主要保温材料的保温系统，因此我们得出在外墙保温系统中应该选择岩棉以及玻璃棉作为主要保温材料。最后对于我国现有的新型外墙保温系统的施工方法进行了总结分析，可供施工技术人员参考。
[Abstract]:With the serious depletion of energy, energy conservation and emission reduction has become the focus of our work in recent years. The total energy consumption of the construction industry in China accounts for 27% of all the energy consumption, so energy saving and emission reduction has become an important problem in the construction industry, and the energy waste caused by the unreasonable external wall insulation system accounts for a large part of the building energy consumption. However, China is faced with an important problem in the external wall insulation system: in recent years, fire occurred frequently in our country, in which the proportion of fire caused by the external wall insulation system is gradually rising. How to solve this problem has become a research topic for many scholars. The main content of this paper is the thermal insulation and fire resistance of exterior wall thermal insulation system. Firstly, the development status of external wall insulation system at home and abroad is summarized and analyzed, and the external insulation materials in Europe and America are compared with those in China. According to the scale diagram of energy consumption of different types of buildings in our country, it is necessary to popularize the application of new type materials in external thermal insulation system. At the same time, summing up the literature at home and abroad, we found that in many large fires in China, most of them were caused by the failure of the insulation material system. Therefore, the author puts forward that we should pay equal attention to the thermal insulation performance and fire resistance of the external insulation system, and simulate the thermal insulation and fire resistance of the common centralized external wall insulation system in China by finite element method. The results show that the material whose thermal conductivity is less than 0. 05 should be used in the thermal insulation system of building wall, and when the thickness of insulation layer is between 0mm-150mm, the increase of insulation layer thickness has great influence on the thermal insulation performance of the system, when the thickness of insulation layer exceeds 150mm, The thickness of the insulation layer has little effect on the thermal insulation characteristics of the system, and the thermal insulation characteristics of the same thermal insulation system are very similar, and the difference between the two systems is mainly determined by the structural measures. It was found that the fire resistance of the thermal insulation system with benzene plate as the main insulation layer was significantly lower than that with rock wool and glass cotton as the main insulation materials. Therefore, we conclude that rock wool and glass wool should be selected as the main insulation materials in the exterior wall insulation system. Finally, the construction methods of new type external wall insulation system in China are summarized and analyzed, which can be used as reference for construction technicians.
【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU761.12

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