长沙梅溪湖水景观生态设计探讨

发布时间：2018-08-13 11:09

【摘要】：城市湖泊是城市水景环境,也是休闲游玩和具有吸引力的场所。随着生活水平的提高,城市对水景观的需求越来越大,在许多公共场所中开发和修建各类水景观。在追求湖泊的景观美和经济效果最大化的同时,却忽视了湖体自身生态系统的构建,当湖水受到不同程度的污染、湖体的生态系统遭到破坏时,才考虑对其治理,往往效果甚微。文章以长沙市梅溪湖为研究对象,探讨梅溪湖的景观生态设计,意在通过合理的设计和有效的工程措施,形成一个景观性和生态性结合的可持续发展的城市人工湖。文章主要运用文献研究与实际工程案例相结合的研究法以及典型案例研究法进行研究,在对梅溪湖进行了充分的调研后,查阅了大量有关景观生态设计的理论资料,并通过分析国内外的典型案例,对梅溪湖水景观进行生态设计探讨,主要分析包括：补换水设计、生态水处理设计、滨水植物设计、生态驳岸设计。通过研究,主要的研究成果如下：(1)梅溪湖的多种补换水渠道,如人工湿地、雨水、洪寺庵水库、龙王港,通过雨水的收集净化系统、湖河联通系统、中水回用系统形成梅溪湖的补换水系统,有效的保障了水量,有利于水体的流动,防止水体发臭水质变坏,是本次研究的重点和亮点。(2)梅溪湖的生态水处理表现在外源污染控制和内源污染控制,即控制周边地区污水不入湖、对地表散排雨水处理后入湖、湖底的整治、水生动植物系统、水体富营养化的处理、控制藻类防止水华、采取富氧措施、在湖底建立复合式生态浮床,从各方面入手构建立体式的生态系统,同样也是本次研究的重点和亮点。(3)梅溪湖滨水植物设计：根据驳岸形式和吸引鸟类选择植物；利用植物本身的高低和植物间的色彩进行搭配以及自然式造景选择植物；在湖底、岸坡和湖面进行不同的植物配置,将具有净化水质作用的水生植物与固堤护岸的耐水湿乔木作为驳岸景观的重要组成部分,兼顾功能性与观赏性。(4)梅溪湖生态驳岸设计：采用自然生态驳岸和人工硬质驳岸相结合的手法,根据梅溪湖的不同功能分区进行驳岸的选择。
[Abstract]:The city lake is the city waterscape environment, also is the leisure play and has the attraction place. With the improvement of living standards, the demand for water landscape in cities is increasing, and various kinds of water landscape are developed and built in many public places. While pursuing the beauty of the lake landscape and maximizing the economic effect, it ignores the construction of the lake body's own ecosystem. When the lake water is polluted to varying degrees and the lake's ecosystem is destroyed, the lake body's ecosystem is only considered to be treated. Often it has little effect. Taking Meexi Lake in Changsha City as the research object, this paper discusses the landscape ecological design of Meexi Lake, which aims to form a sustainable urban artificial lake with the combination of landscape and ecology through reasonable design and effective engineering measures. This paper mainly uses the research method of combining the literature research with the actual engineering cases and the typical case study method to carry on the research, after carrying on the thorough investigation to the Meixi Lake, has consulted the massive related landscape ecology design theory data. Based on the analysis of typical cases at home and abroad, the ecological design of Meexi Lake landscape is discussed, including the design of water replacement, the design of ecological water treatment, the design of waterfront plants and the design of ecological barge. Through the research, the main research results are as follows: (1) many water replacement channels in Meexi Lake, such as artificial wetland, Rain Water, Hongsian Reservoir, Longwang Port, through the collection and purification system of Rain Water, Lake and River Connectivity system, The reclaimed water reuse system forms a rehydration system in Meexi Lake, which effectively guarantees the amount of water, is conducive to the flow of water bodies, and prevents the deterioration of the stinking water quality of the water bodies. (2) the ecological water treatment of Meexi Lake is manifested in exogenous pollution control and internal pollution control, that is, the control of sewage not entering the lake in the surrounding area, the treatment of surface Rain Water into the lake, and the regulation of the lake bottom. Aquatic flora and fauna system, treatment of eutrophication of water body, control of algae to prevent Shui Hua, oxygen enrichment measures, establishment of compound ecological floating bed in lake bottom, construction of three-dimensional ecosystem from all aspects, It is also the focus and bright spot of this study. (3) the waterfront plant design of Meixi Lake: according to the form of the barge and the attraction of birds, the plants are chosen according to the form of the barge; the plants are matched by the height of the plant itself and the color among the plants, and the natural landscape is chosen; at the bottom of the lake, With different plant configurations on bank slopes and lakes, aquatic plants with the function of purifying water quality and water and moisture tolerant trees of embankment revetment are taken as an important part of the barge landscape. (4) the design of ecological barge in Meexi Lake: adopting the combination of natural ecological barge and artificial hard barge, according to the different functional zones of Meexi Lake, the selection of the barge was carried out.
【学位授予单位】：湖南农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU984.18

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