中国墓园设计理法研究

发布时间：2018-08-22 21:21

【摘要】：在建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会的战略方针背景下,反映在殡葬方面,民政部提出“创新骨灰安葬方式,积极推动绿色殡葬”。同时,十八大提出维护广大人民的根本利益,这也包含人们有尊严、圆满的离世。因此,骨灰安葬方式的创新,既要节约土地,也要让人民满意。针对节约型墓园的构建要求,论文从“节约土地”和“安魂慰心”两条线索展开对中国墓园设计的思考研究,探求适合中国国情的墓园设计方式,结合风景园林设计的理论内涵研究中国墓园设计的核心内容、创作方法、构成要素、发展前景等,进一步完善和发展风景园林规划设计中墓园设计这一单项理论,从根本上解决墓葬与自然之间的对立统一问题,实现环境、经济和社会的综合效益,完善城市的园林绿地体系,遵循中华民族数千年形成的“天人合一”的宇宙观和文化总纲,实现“人与天调,天人共荣”的境界。论文在“天人合一”思想的指导下,依照矛盾的普遍性与特殊性之辩证的哲学思路,通过文献资料的综合整理、实地考察、项目实践,运用分析、归纳、演绎的研究方法,探索适合中国国情的墓园设计理论,在继承传统的基础上,推动中国园林之墓园设计理论研究与创新。论文成果的价值主要在以下三个方面： (1)论文研究和分析中国古近代陵墓环境在各个历史阶段的演进特点,对比中西方的墓葬文化,分析西方墓园景物表达对墓主纪念性的艺术特色。研究从“古”落实到“今”,将理论研究与中国现代墓园的实地考察相结合,分析阐述中国殡葬习俗改革的成就与经验。 (2)基于中国传统墓葬文化的内涵特质,以建设节约型社会为背景,运用中国传统园林的理论精髓,从明旨、立意、相地、布局、借景、理微六个方面分析总结中国墓园可行的规划序列和创作方法。 (3)将中国墓园设计的理论应用于规划设计实践,探讨在当下社会中从传统文化中汲取经验设计出具有社会主义内容和民族形式的墓园。
[Abstract]:Under the background of constructing a resource-conserving and environment-friendly society, the Ministry of Civil Affairs put forward the idea of "innovating the burial mode of ashes and actively promoting green funeral". At the same time, the 18th National Congress proposed to safeguard the fundamental interests of the people, which also includes the dignity of the people, complete death. Therefore, the innovation of ashes burial method should not only save land, but also make people satisfied. In view of the requirements of the construction of the conservation-type cemetery, the paper studies the design of the Chinese cemetery from the two clues of "saving the land" and "comforting the soul", and explores the design method of the cemetery suitable for the national conditions of China. Combined with the theoretical connotation of landscape architecture design, this paper studies the core contents, creative methods, composing elements and development prospects of the Chinese cemetery design, and further improves and develops the single theory of the cemetery design in the landscape architecture planning and design. To fundamentally solve the problem of unity of opposites between burial and nature, to realize the comprehensive benefits of environment, economy and society, to perfect the urban garden and green space system, and to follow the universal view and cultural outline of "the unity of nature and man" formed by the Chinese nation for thousands of years. To realize the realm of "man and nature, heaven and man together prosper". Under the guidance of the thought of "the unity of nature and man", according to the dialectical philosophical thinking of universality and particularity of contradiction, the thesis through the comprehensive arrangement of literature, field investigation, project practice, application of analysis, induction, deductive research methods, This paper explores the theory of cemetery design suitable for China's national conditions and promotes the theoretical research and innovation of Chinese garden cemetery design on the basis of inheriting the tradition. The value of the paper mainly lies in the following three aspects: (1) the paper studies and analyzes the evolution characteristics of the ancient and modern Chinese mausoleum environment in each historical stage, contrasts the tomb culture between China and the West. This paper analyzes the artistic characteristics of the expression of Western cemetery scenery to the memorial of the tomb owner. The research is carried out from "ancient" to "present", combining the theoretical research with the field investigation of Chinese modern cemetery, and analyzing and expounding the achievements and experiences of the reform of Chinese funeral and burial customs. (2) based on the connotation of Chinese traditional tomb culture, In the context of building a conservation-oriented society, using the essence of Chinese traditional garden theory, from the aim, meaning, location, layout, borrow scenery, This paper analyzes and summarizes the feasible planning sequence and creative methods of Chinese cemeteries from six aspects. (3) the theory of Chinese cemetery design is applied to the planning and design practice. This paper discusses the design of the cemetery with socialist content and national form from the experience of traditional culture in the present society.
【学位授予单位】：北京林业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU986.2;TU251.2

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