淮安传统民居形态特征研究
发布时间：2018-08-25 17:10
【摘要】：淮安自秦至今已拥有2200多年的悠久历史，是国家第二批历史文化名城之一。自明清以来，淮安古城与河下镇内遗存了大量的历史建筑，包括民居、寺庙、道观、官衙和会馆等传统建筑，而民居是其中数量最大且最具特色的传统建筑，具有较高的研究价值。但由于各方面的原因，淮安传统民居的生存现状不容乐观，，并且尚没有与建筑遗产相关的全面、系统的研究成果，研究和保护工作亟待深入开展。 论文以淮安遗存的民居与宅院为主要研究对象，对其空间形态特征以及实体形态特征作出总结。空间形态特征主要从民居的单元平面类型、院落的组合方式、街巷布局三个方面入手，归纳出单院单进、单院双进、“品”字形平面、四合院式以及“日”字、“目”形平面这几种单元平面类型，这些单元平面类型以交错串联型、并列串联型和组合型这三种院落组合模式形成中大型民居建筑群，并且这些民居建筑的布局与走向皆与街巷布局相对应。实体形态特征主要研究民居的立面、装饰、砖雕的形态特征以及建造技艺，从对这几个方面的研究发现淮安传统民居具有立面形态朴素、装饰精于细节、建造技艺工整的特征。同时，总结归纳出淮安传统民居宅院的三种类型：富商名园、官员私宅、文士草庐，并对其产生原因及营造特征作出梳理。最后对于淮安传统民居宅院的从明朝到清朝的类型转变做出分析，并通过与徽州、扬州传统民居的比较，总结出淮安传统民居整体风貌质朴、细节装饰柔美的形态特征，并从人口组成、政治影响和徽商活动对其风格渊源做出解释。
[Abstract]:Huaian has a long history of more than 2200 years since Qin Dynasty, and is one of the second batch of historical and cultural cities. Since the Ming and Qing dynasties, there have been a large number of historical buildings in Huai'an Ancient City and Hexia Town, including folk houses, temples, Taoist temples, officials and halls, among which folk houses are the largest and most characteristic traditional buildings. It has high research value. However, due to various reasons, the survival status of traditional houses in Huaian is not optimistic, and there is no comprehensive and systematic research results related to architectural heritage, research and protection work needs to be carried out in depth. The main research object of this paper is the residential houses and houses left in Huai'an, and summarizes the spatial and physical morphological characteristics of the residential houses and houses in Huai'an. The characteristics of spatial form are mainly from three aspects: the unit plane type of dwelling, the combination of courtyard and courtyard, and the layout of street and lane. The characters of single courtyard, single courtyard and double entrance, "product" shape plane, quadrangle type and "day" are summed up. There are three kinds of unit plane types: staggered series type, parallel tandem type and combined type, which form the building group of medium and large residential buildings. And the layout and direction of these residential buildings are corresponding to the layout of streets and alleys. This paper mainly studies the facade, decoration, brick carving and construction techniques of the residential buildings. From the study of these aspects, it is found that the traditional residential buildings in Huai'an have the features of plain facade, fine decoration in detail and neat construction techniques. At the same time, it sums up three types of traditional houses in Huai'an: the famous garden of rich merchants, the private residence of officials, the grass house of scribes, and the reasons for its emergence and the characteristics of its construction. Finally, it analyzes the type change from Ming Dynasty to Qing Dynasty, and through the comparison with Huizhou and Yangzhou traditional residence, summarizes the features of Huai'an traditional residence with simple style and soft decoration. The origin of its style is explained from population composition, political influence and Huizhou merchants' activities.
【学位授予单位】：江南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU241.5
[Abstract]:Huaian has a long history of more than 2200 years since Qin Dynasty, and is one of the second batch of historical and cultural cities. Since the Ming and Qing dynasties, there have been a large number of historical buildings in Huai'an Ancient City and Hexia Town, including folk houses, temples, Taoist temples, officials and halls, among which folk houses are the largest and most characteristic traditional buildings. It has high research value. However, due to various reasons, the survival status of traditional houses in Huaian is not optimistic, and there is no comprehensive and systematic research results related to architectural heritage, research and protection work needs to be carried out in depth. The main research object of this paper is the residential houses and houses left in Huai'an, and summarizes the spatial and physical morphological characteristics of the residential houses and houses in Huai'an. The characteristics of spatial form are mainly from three aspects: the unit plane type of dwelling, the combination of courtyard and courtyard, and the layout of street and lane. The characters of single courtyard, single courtyard and double entrance, "product" shape plane, quadrangle type and "day" are summed up. There are three kinds of unit plane types: staggered series type, parallel tandem type and combined type, which form the building group of medium and large residential buildings. And the layout and direction of these residential buildings are corresponding to the layout of streets and alleys. This paper mainly studies the facade, decoration, brick carving and construction techniques of the residential buildings. From the study of these aspects, it is found that the traditional residential buildings in Huai'an have the features of plain facade, fine decoration in detail and neat construction techniques. At the same time, it sums up three types of traditional houses in Huai'an: the famous garden of rich merchants, the private residence of officials, the grass house of scribes, and the reasons for its emergence and the characteristics of its construction. Finally, it analyzes the type change from Ming Dynasty to Qing Dynasty, and through the comparison with Huizhou and Yangzhou traditional residence, summarizes the features of Huai'an traditional residence with simple style and soft decoration. The origin of its style is explained from population composition, political influence and Huizhou merchants' activities.
【学位授予单位】：江南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU241.5
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前4条
1 曹树基;清代江苏城市人口研究[J];杭州师范学院学报(社会科学版);2002年04期
2 贾s
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