西安城市住宅建筑蓄热特性研究
发布时间：2018-08-28 10:59
【摘要】：建筑蓄热特性研究的重点内容之一是围护结构的设计，传统建筑围护结构热工性能分析一般采用 形式决定功能‖的分析方法。即在已知建筑围护结构形式、材料和热物性的前提下,分析其热性能,并以此为基础,得到相应的采暖、制冷负荷,进而确定采暖、制冷方式。这种分析思路下得出的围护结构设计往往容易出现 杀鸡用牛刀‖的能源配置浪费情况，因此难以确定建筑的最佳围护结构形式、材料的最佳热物性和采暖、制冷的最佳方式。而蓄热性能优良的房屋，应该是在保持室内热舒适度的前提下，不再额外增加空调负荷。通过房屋围护结构这个 海绵体‖的调节，将建筑室内的温度波动尽可能的控制在舒适范围内。从而在夏季利用夜间通风蓄积冷量，延迟室内温度出现峰值的时间，降低峰值温度；在冬季利用太阳能蓄积热量，延长舒适温度持续时间，，避免室温出现过大波动，减少冷不舒适感。 本文通过理论分析和实验论证的方法，从保证室内热环境舒适性且不再额外增加空调负荷的角度出发，寻求房屋蓄热特性在西安城市环境下的适应性机制，建立该地区的房屋蓄热物理模型，并在该模型基础上给出房屋蓄热特性性能化指标，引入“累计日室内温度不舒适度”IDCT以及“累计日室内温度不舒适时间”TDCT作为评价室内热环境的基准。提出综合热惰性指标DZ以及蓄热量指标M m的概念，并给出其计算方法，且将其作为衡量建筑蓄热性能优劣的指标，给出西安地区满足室内热环境需要的综合热惰性指标DZ以及蓄热量指标M m。当建筑室内的舒适温度上限值定为30.7℃时，对应的综合热惰性指标DZ需达到3.83，而对应的蓄热指标M需达到524.9KJ (K π)。同时应用蓄热理论，本文还对一案例进行蓄热设计及其室内热环境分析，最终指出蓄热设计不但对于提高人体热舒适起到至关重要的作用还可以降低建筑能耗。过对建筑蓄热的计算分析，本文最终目的在于指导建筑围护结构热工设计和建材的热物性设计与研制。
[Abstract]:The design of enclosure structure is one of the most important contents in the research of building heat storage characteristics. The traditional thermal performance analysis of building envelope structure is usually based on the method of determining the function of the structure. That is, under the premise of known building envelope structure form, material and thermal physical property, the thermal performance is analyzed, and on this basis, the corresponding heating and refrigeration load is obtained, and then the heating and refrigeration methods are determined. It is difficult to determine the best form of enclosure structure, the best thermal properties of materials and heating, because of the waste of energy allocation of cattle knife and knife for killing chickens, which is obtained by this kind of analysis idea, and it is difficult to determine the best form of enclosure structure, the best thermal properties of materials, and the heating. The best way to cool. And the house with good heat storage performance should not increase the air conditioning load on the premise of keeping the indoor thermal comfort. By adjusting the building enclosure, the temperature fluctuation in the building room is kept as comfortable as possible. Thus, in summer, the cooling capacity of night ventilation is used to delay the peak time of indoor temperature, to reduce the peak temperature, to use solar energy to accumulate heat in winter, to prolong the duration of comfortable temperature, and to avoid excessive fluctuations at room temperature. Reduce cold discomfort. In this paper, through theoretical analysis and experimental demonstration, from the point of view of ensuring indoor thermal environment comfort and no additional air conditioning load, the adaptive mechanism of building heat storage characteristics in Xi'an urban environment is sought. The physical model of building heat storage in this area is established, and the performance index of building heat storage characteristic is given on the basis of the model. IDCT and TDCT are introduced to evaluate indoor thermal environment. The concepts of comprehensive thermal inertia index (DZ) and heat storage index (M m) are put forward, and their calculation methods are given. A comprehensive thermal inert index (DZ) and a heat storage index (M m) for indoor thermal environment in Xi'an area are given. When the upper limit of comfortable temperature is set at 30.7 鈩
本文编号：2209195
[Abstract]:The design of enclosure structure is one of the most important contents in the research of building heat storage characteristics. The traditional thermal performance analysis of building envelope structure is usually based on the method of determining the function of the structure. That is, under the premise of known building envelope structure form, material and thermal physical property, the thermal performance is analyzed, and on this basis, the corresponding heating and refrigeration load is obtained, and then the heating and refrigeration methods are determined. It is difficult to determine the best form of enclosure structure, the best thermal properties of materials and heating, because of the waste of energy allocation of cattle knife and knife for killing chickens, which is obtained by this kind of analysis idea, and it is difficult to determine the best form of enclosure structure, the best thermal properties of materials, and the heating. The best way to cool. And the house with good heat storage performance should not increase the air conditioning load on the premise of keeping the indoor thermal comfort. By adjusting the building enclosure, the temperature fluctuation in the building room is kept as comfortable as possible. Thus, in summer, the cooling capacity of night ventilation is used to delay the peak time of indoor temperature, to reduce the peak temperature, to use solar energy to accumulate heat in winter, to prolong the duration of comfortable temperature, and to avoid excessive fluctuations at room temperature. Reduce cold discomfort. In this paper, through theoretical analysis and experimental demonstration, from the point of view of ensuring indoor thermal environment comfort and no additional air conditioning load, the adaptive mechanism of building heat storage characteristics in Xi'an urban environment is sought. The physical model of building heat storage in this area is established, and the performance index of building heat storage characteristic is given on the basis of the model. IDCT and TDCT are introduced to evaluate indoor thermal environment. The concepts of comprehensive thermal inertia index (DZ) and heat storage index (M m) are put forward, and their calculation methods are given. A comprehensive thermal inert index (DZ) and a heat storage index (M m) for indoor thermal environment in Xi'an area are given. When the upper limit of comfortable temperature is set at 30.7 鈩
本文编号：2209195
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