基于嵌入式和物联网的智能家居系统

发布时间：2018-08-28 18:22

【摘要】：智能家居系统是通过物联网技术、嵌入式技术、网络技术等来实现智能、舒适的生活，它是目前研究的热点。本文以目前智能家居系统的现状为起点，并比较国内外的研究进度，以及研究智能家居的瓶颈，设计了以Zigbee来构建前端物联传感网，嵌入式ARM-Linux技术构建中间层实现家居的智能控制，RFID和摄像头视频采集V4L（video forlinux）技术构建门禁控制系统，远端采用Android技术、互联网技术以及GPRS技术实现智能家居系统的远程访问与控制。前端以Zigbee技术为依托，在Z-stack协议的支持下，结合节点与协调器之间多对一的关系，并在节点上配备烟雾传感器、红外线感应器、温度传感器、电磁传感器、光敏传感器等构建物联传感网络。门禁端通过RFID技术和数据库认证来验证用户的可用性，同时增加视频呼叫技术，增强门禁端的安全性以及用户友好性。同时将网络的传感数据通过协调器收集到并实时通过串口传送给以ARM为控制器，门禁端数据通过WiFi传给主控。在控制端，主要通过对数据进行解析处理并分类、展示，将必要的数据存储在嵌入式Sqlite轻量级数据库中，在对数据处理的过程中，重点是传感网络端以及门禁端的数据，主控端结合用户的需求以及程序的流程，，对其中的数据进行判定，温度的高低、烟雾的浓度大小、光敏的强弱、红外感应的中断等情况，当其中的值的大小超过某些情况时，触发防火模块以及防盗模块的，以及GPRS模块等，同时远端通过GSM网络收到报警信息或者PC_WEB端、Android端通过WiFi收到报警的响应。远端用户同时可以通过短信、浏览器或者客户端实时访问智能家居系统，查看节点传感器的数据，通过节点控制家电设备等，查看门禁端的情况等等。最后通过联机调试，验证了Zigbee的传输数据的准确性与距离之间的关系， WiFi网络的稳定性、控制端数据的准确性以及远程数据查看的实时性等。本文通过理论与实际相结合的方式，详细的解析了家居系统中实现的各个模块，为构建智能家居系统提供了新的思路以及参考价值。
[Abstract]:Smart home system is to achieve intelligent and comfortable life through Internet of things technology, embedded technology, network technology and so on. This paper starts with the current situation of smart home system, compares the research progress at home and abroad, and studies the bottleneck of smart home, and designs a front-end material sensing network based on Zigbee. The embedded ARM-Linux technology constructs the middle layer to realize the home intelligent control device RFID and the camera video capture V4L (video forlinux) technology to construct the access control system, the remote uses the Android technology, the Internet technology and the GPRS technology to realize the intelligent home system remote access and the control. The front end is based on Zigbee technology, supported by Z-stack protocol, combined with the multi-to-one relationship between the node and the coordinator, and equipped with smoke sensor, infrared sensor, temperature sensor, electromagnetic sensor on the node. Guang Min sensor and other building-up-related sensor network. The access guard verifies the usability of the user through RFID technology and database authentication, at the same time increases the video call technology, enhances the security and the user friendliness of the access guard. At the same time, the sensor data of the network is collected through the coordinator and transmitted to the ARM controller through the serial port in real time, and the data of the access terminal is transmitted to the main controller through the WiFi. At the control end, the necessary data is stored in the embedded Sqlite lightweight database by analyzing and classifying the data. In the process of data processing, the emphasis is on the data of the sensor network and access control. The main control terminal combines the needs of the user and the process of the program to judge the data, the level of temperature, the concentration of smoke, the strength of Guang Min, the interruption of infrared induction, and so on. When the value of the data exceeds certain conditions, Trigger anti-fire module, anti-theft module, and GPRS module, etc. At the same time, far end receives alarm message through GSM network or PC_WEB terminal receives alarm response through WiFi. Remote users can also access the smart home system through SMS, browser or client, view the data of node sensor, control household appliances through node, check the situation of entrance guard and so on. Finally, through on-line debugging, the relationship between the accuracy and distance of Zigbee transmission data, the stability of WiFi network, the accuracy of data at the control end and the real-time performance of remote data viewing are verified. Through the combination of theory and practice, this paper analyzes each module of home system in detail, which provides a new idea and reference value for building smart home system.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TP273.5;TU855

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