地理设计的理论与实证研究
发布时间：2018-09-09 16:31
【摘要】：长期以来,许多与土地相关的设计实践都会遇到一个难以回避的困境,就是在人类活动对地理表层的作用过程中,有些不利于环境的改变需要较长时间才能被我们知晓,认知的滞后性导致决策的滞后性。地理设计可以提供了一条破解之道,他构建一种集合、有效的机制实现多学科的协同,将地理分析带入设计流程,通过循环决策把对环境影响的滞后性认知提前到决策过程中。同时,在大数据中进行流化评估,地理设计实现了静态时空观到动态时空观的转变,有效把握地理过程的变化趋势,为科学理性决策提供支撑。 本文运用地理学、设计学、管理学、景观规划学、生态学等多学科的理论和方法,以构成空间要素的大数据为基础,运用讲故事的方法,挖掘地理设计的思想根源,提炼设计体系的组成要素,分析循环决策的方法步骤,构建流化设计的运行框架。然后通过具体案例检验地理设计方法体系,实现设计流程的优化,旨在为从地理信息服务到地理设计服务的飞跃提供理论支持和方法路径。 本文的主要研究内容有： (1)地理设计的思想根源与理论基础。从主要的相关学科中挖掘循环流化设计的思想根源,构建设计结合自然、设计人的行为、循环导致更好设计的方法论基础；并在此基础上研究地理设计的概念、内涵、主体、框架和应用范围。 (2)地理设计的技术和艺术构成。在技术构成上以大数据为基础,构建数据、计算机技术和网络的“三位一体”设计平台,探索融入分析模型的地理信息系统,并研究实现流化设计的相关软件；在艺术构成上主要研究流化设计的视觉艺术、行为艺术和文化艺术。 (3)地理设计的方法体系。以地理过程理论为基础,用地理要素在时间维度下的空间脉络来分析评估地理效果,形成循环流化设计的方法核心——地理足迹再造。研究地理足迹内涵、过程与再造过程,探讨地理足迹方法体系,并以循环设计的思路构建地理足迹再造的一般途径。 (4)地理设计的循环过程。主要围绕“为什么循环能够导致更好的设计?”、“流化设计是经历怎样的循环过程?”、“如何能让设计有序地循环起来?”、“循环流化设计在实际应用中是否有效”等四个问题展开研究。以Carl Steinitz的地理设计框架图为基础,在戴明循环理论的指导下,围绕大数据的输入和输出,考虑循环动力和循环方向,研究构建一个实用的、有效的地理设计循环模型图。 (5)地理设计的实践检验。基于地理设计本身可以视为一个叙事工具的观点,运用讲故事的脉络进行案例研究,以高校景观重构为实例,通过故事的灵魂对应设计的目标,故事的素材对应地理调查,故事的推敲对应地理分析,故事的精炼对应地理评价,故事的讲述对应循环设计,把循环设计的五个步骤在讲故事的过程中呈现出来,进而检验流化设计的效果。通过案例检验,研究发现地理设计的要素构成、方法体系、循环过程中的不足与缺陷,以期优化这套方法论中的各个流程与环节,指导具体地理设计实践。 本文通过研究得出以下结论： (1)地理设计是综合考虑所有地理问题的设计,他是一种设计思想、设计工具、设计方法、设计流程,更是一个对地理空间故事的讲述。 (2)大数据正在改变着设计的思维模式与方法体系,让设计从封闭走向开放、从个人走向团队、从感性走向理性、从线性流程走向网络化、从静态时空走向动态时空。 (3)地理设计实现了从可持续发展到再生性发展的嬗变。 (4)地理设计能够把对环境影响的滞后性认知提前到决策过程中。 (5)地理设计可以提升讲述大地故事的能力,他对过去地理区域中发生的故事进行梳理,通过地理足迹再造的方式,让地理过程朝向人们“想听”的方向发展。 本文的创新之处有： (1)为处在起步阶段的地理设计探建理论框架和方法体系； (2)实现讲故事方法在地理设计中的应用； (3)尝试提出并应用了地理足迹再造理论； (4)构建地理设计循环决策模型。
[Abstract]:For a long time, many land-related design practices will encounter an unavoidable dilemma, that is, in the process of human activities on the geographical surface, some adverse environmental changes need a long time to be known to us, cognitive lag leads to the lag of decision-making. Dao constructs a set of effective mechanisms to achieve multi-disciplinary collaboration, brings geographic analysis into the design process, and advances the lagging cognition of environmental impact to the decision-making process through cyclic decision-making. At the same time, fluidized assessment is carried out in large data, and geographic design realizes the transformation from static to dynamic space-time view, thus effectively grasping the situation. The changing trend of rational process provides scientific and rational decision-making support.
In this paper, the theory and method of geography, design, management, landscape planning, ecology and other disciplines are applied. Based on the large data of spatial elements, the method of storytelling is used to excavate the ideological roots of geographic design, refine the elements of design system, analyze the methods and steps of cyclic decision-making, and construct the operational frame of fluidized design. Secondly, the geographic design method system is tested through specific cases to optimize the design process, aiming at providing theoretical support and method path for the leap from geographic information service to geographic design service.
The main contents of this paper are:
(1) The ideological origin and theoretical basis of geographic design.The ideological origin of circular fluidization design is excavated from the main related disciplines,and the methodological basis of combining design with nature and designing human behavior is constructed,which leads to better design.On this basis,the concept,connotation,subject,framework and application scope of geographic design are studied.
(2) Geographic design technology and artistic composition. On the basis of large data, the "trinity" design platform of data, computer technology and network is constructed. Geographic information system integrated with analysis model is explored and relevant software for realizing fluidized design is studied. Visual art of fluidized design is mainly studied in artistic composition. Behavioral art and culture.
(3) The method system of geographic design. Based on the theory of geographic process, this paper analyzes and evaluates the geographic effect with the spatial context of geographic elements in the time dimension, and forms the method core of circular fluidization design-geographic footprint reconstruction. It studies the connotation, process and reconstruction process of geographic footprint, discusses the method system of geographic footprint, and uses circular design. The general way of geographical footprint reconstruction is constructed.
(4) The circulation process of geographic design. It mainly focuses on the following four questions: why can circulation lead to better design?""What kind of circulation process does fluidized design undergo?""how can design be circulated in an orderly way?""whether cyclic fluidized design is effective in practical application"and so on. Based on the design frame diagram, under the guidance of Deming's cycle theory, a practical and effective geographic design cycle model diagram is constructed around the input and output of large data, considering cycle dynamics and cycle direction.
(5) The practical test of geographic design. Based on the viewpoint that geographic design itself can be regarded as a narrative tool, this paper uses the context of story-telling to conduct case studies, taking the landscape reconstruction of colleges and universities as an example, through the soul of the story corresponding to the design objectives, the story material corresponding to the geographic survey, the story deliberation corresponding to the geographic analysis, and the story refinement. According to the geographical evaluation, the story telling corresponds to the cyclic design, showing the five steps of cyclic design in the process of telling stories, and then testing the effect of fluidized design. Process and links to guide specific geographical design practice.
The following conclusions can be drawn from the study.
(1) Geographic design is a design that considers all geographic problems comprehensively. It is a kind of design idea, design tool, design method, design process, and even a story about geographic space.
(2) Big data is changing the thinking mode and method system of design, from closed to open, from individual to team, from perceptual to rational, from linear process to network, from static space-time to dynamic space-time.
(3) geographical design has realized the evolution from sustainable development to regenerative development.
(4) geographical design can advance the lagging cognition of environmental impact to the decision-making process.
(5) Geographic design can enhance the ability to tell the story of the earth. He combs the stories happened in the past geographical areas, and makes the geographical process develop in the direction that people want to hear by means of geographical footprint reconstruction.
The innovations of this paper are as follows:
(1) to explore the theoretical framework and method system for the initial stage of geographical design.
(2) to achieve the application of storytelling in geographical design.
(3) try to put forward and apply the theory of geographical footprint reconstruction.
(4) build a cycle decision model of geographical design.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU986
[Abstract]:For a long time, many land-related design practices will encounter an unavoidable dilemma, that is, in the process of human activities on the geographical surface, some adverse environmental changes need a long time to be known to us, cognitive lag leads to the lag of decision-making. Dao constructs a set of effective mechanisms to achieve multi-disciplinary collaboration, brings geographic analysis into the design process, and advances the lagging cognition of environmental impact to the decision-making process through cyclic decision-making. At the same time, fluidized assessment is carried out in large data, and geographic design realizes the transformation from static to dynamic space-time view, thus effectively grasping the situation. The changing trend of rational process provides scientific and rational decision-making support.
In this paper, the theory and method of geography, design, management, landscape planning, ecology and other disciplines are applied. Based on the large data of spatial elements, the method of storytelling is used to excavate the ideological roots of geographic design, refine the elements of design system, analyze the methods and steps of cyclic decision-making, and construct the operational frame of fluidized design. Secondly, the geographic design method system is tested through specific cases to optimize the design process, aiming at providing theoretical support and method path for the leap from geographic information service to geographic design service.
The main contents of this paper are:
(1) The ideological origin and theoretical basis of geographic design.The ideological origin of circular fluidization design is excavated from the main related disciplines,and the methodological basis of combining design with nature and designing human behavior is constructed,which leads to better design.On this basis,the concept,connotation,subject,framework and application scope of geographic design are studied.
(2) Geographic design technology and artistic composition. On the basis of large data, the "trinity" design platform of data, computer technology and network is constructed. Geographic information system integrated with analysis model is explored and relevant software for realizing fluidized design is studied. Visual art of fluidized design is mainly studied in artistic composition. Behavioral art and culture.
(3) The method system of geographic design. Based on the theory of geographic process, this paper analyzes and evaluates the geographic effect with the spatial context of geographic elements in the time dimension, and forms the method core of circular fluidization design-geographic footprint reconstruction. It studies the connotation, process and reconstruction process of geographic footprint, discusses the method system of geographic footprint, and uses circular design. The general way of geographical footprint reconstruction is constructed.
(4) The circulation process of geographic design. It mainly focuses on the following four questions: why can circulation lead to better design?""What kind of circulation process does fluidized design undergo?""how can design be circulated in an orderly way?""whether cyclic fluidized design is effective in practical application"and so on. Based on the design frame diagram, under the guidance of Deming's cycle theory, a practical and effective geographic design cycle model diagram is constructed around the input and output of large data, considering cycle dynamics and cycle direction.
(5) The practical test of geographic design. Based on the viewpoint that geographic design itself can be regarded as a narrative tool, this paper uses the context of story-telling to conduct case studies, taking the landscape reconstruction of colleges and universities as an example, through the soul of the story corresponding to the design objectives, the story material corresponding to the geographic survey, the story deliberation corresponding to the geographic analysis, and the story refinement. According to the geographical evaluation, the story telling corresponds to the cyclic design, showing the five steps of cyclic design in the process of telling stories, and then testing the effect of fluidized design. Process and links to guide specific geographical design practice.
The following conclusions can be drawn from the study.
(1) Geographic design is a design that considers all geographic problems comprehensively. It is a kind of design idea, design tool, design method, design process, and even a story about geographic space.
(2) Big data is changing the thinking mode and method system of design, from closed to open, from individual to team, from perceptual to rational, from linear process to network, from static space-time to dynamic space-time.
(3) geographical design has realized the evolution from sustainable development to regenerative development.
(4) geographical design can advance the lagging cognition of environmental impact to the decision-making process.
(5) Geographic design can enhance the ability to tell the story of the earth. He combs the stories happened in the past geographical areas, and makes the geographical process develop in the direction that people want to hear by means of geographical footprint reconstruction.
The innovations of this paper are as follows:
(1) to explore the theoretical framework and method system for the initial stage of geographical design.
(2) to achieve the application of storytelling in geographical design.
(3) try to put forward and apply the theory of geographical footprint reconstruction.
(4) build a cycle decision model of geographical design.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU986
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