深圳园山城市森林科研基地规划设计

发布时间：2018-09-12 11:18

【摘要】：城市森林是完善城市生态系统,发挥城市绿化综合生态服务功能的重要载体,也是社会普惠、公平的生态福利产品。同时,城市森林的研究随着社会需求的日益多元化而呈现多学科交叉融合发展的态势,特别是关于森林理疗、森林生态防护效用、宜居环境规划等方面的城市森林科研项目日益受到重视。在此发展趋势下,城市森林科研基地应运而生,既能发挥城市森林基地科技支撑、技术创新方面的作用,又可以借助新形式、新思路将科研、游憩活动和人们的身心健康相结合,突出其体验、示范、科研合作交流的优势,从而带动城市森林的科研进程和理念推广。本论文通过对国内外相关文献和科研进展的研究分析,总结国内外科研基地研究的基础上,结合森林公园、风景名胜区的规划经验,明确了城市森林科研基地规划的必要性。坚持城市森林的科研理念支撑,从城市森林科研基地规划的相关概念解析、应解决的问题、影响因素、规划基本思路、规划原理、管理运作机制等方面,详细的进行了研究论述,构架了城市森林科研基地的骨架。城市森林科研基地的分类、规划原则与规划步骤,是科研基地规划理论框架的重要组成,指导科研基地实例的开发。科研基地规划开发首先应解决的问题是对规划地进行科研价值、服务价值、示范价值、创新价值的评价。规划地的科研价值影响规划深度,资源品质影响规划特色,区位优势影响规划选址,社会经济条件影响规划理念,从而分析城市森林科研基地规划开发的可行性。在对规划地作出合理的科研潜力评价和影响因素分析后,对规划工作提出了基本思路,即科研基地规划与科研目标、社会服务、健康生活应用、产业开发相结合,形成科研基地特色,树立科技服务品牌以深圳园山风景区为研究对象,对深圳园山项目的历史沿革、区位条件、地理气候、植被资源等方面进行分析,并对区位优势、公众需求、环境质量、特色植被等方面进行外业调查和科研开发潜力的分析,发现园山科研基地的开发可以满足深圳公众游憩需求和城市森林科研需求。园山优质的空气、植被资源适合进行森林保健、森林游憩等旅游项目的规划开发,城市森林科研项目可以从空气质量监测、树木健康测评与展示,树种保护与繁育,森林保健效用和产业开发等方面开展。园山科研基地的总体规划以城市森林的科研项目和成果技术作为支撑,从规划理念、目标定位和规划内容三个方面出发,力求作到科研服务、场地优势、生态福利的三者结合。坚持以科研服务为主体的科研体系规划,配合上科研功能分区和科研辅助系统,形成了完整的城市森林科研基地的规划内容,满足科研基地的多功能需求。按照园山科研基地的科研需求,规划内容可综合服务、科研监测、示范展示分3个体系。园山科研规划区和科研辅助系统基于以上三个体系进行设计,其中,基于综合服务体系的科研区包括园山基地综合服务区,科研辅助系统包括园山生态服务信息平台;基于科研监测体系的科研区包括深圳园山城市森林生态定位站,科研辅助系统包括森林环境辅助监测网络、森林环境预报预测网络、生态文化社区环境质量监测与评价系统;基于示范展示体系的科研区包括竹藤种质资源收集区、森林理疗综合试验区、芳香植物繁育与利用示范区、低质退化森林景观改造示范区、原生林区抚育示范区,科研辅助系统包括园山绿色标识与解说系统、景观大树科研与科普展示系统、森林保健对人体健康指标影响检测体系。中期规划还对典型性的科研功能区进行详细规划,包括竹藤种质资源收集区、森林理疗综合试验区、芳香植物繁育与利用示范区、低质退化森林景观改造示范区、原生林区抚育示范区,与总规构成有机整体。提出了融科研平台开放互动,科研过程多元展示、科研成果实时播报为一体的研发展示体系,构成一个集科研监测、资源保护、科普展示、康体教育、绿色休闲等多个方面于一体的城市森林综合科研基地平台。园山科研基地的后期规划,是对科研基地的管理运营机制的探索。首先对管理运营的原则阐述,按照科研需求对运营管理机制进行探索,其次将理论与深圳园山实例结合,从资源保护管理体制、环境监测管理体制、科普展示管理体制、生态产业管理体制四个方面进行探索,完善了基地管理措施和建议,保证园山科研基地的长期良性运营和更新。论文通过理论总结和实例检验,提出了合理可行的城市森林科研基地规划理论框架,并提出了科研、科普与服务于游憩和基地社区建设相结合的城市森林科研基地规划方案。深圳园山结合自身情况,实现了科研和游憩双重功能的顺利进行。深圳园山科研基地的成功建设为深圳改善了人居环境,丰富了旅游资源,提升了城市显示度,也为中国城市森林科研基地的建设提供了可参考借鉴的案例。
[Abstract]:Urban forest is an important carrier to improve urban ecosystem and give full play to the comprehensive ecological service function of urban greening. It is also an eco-welfare product with social benefits and fairness. With the development of urban forest scientific research base, it can not only play the role of scientific and technological support and technological innovation of urban forest base, but also combine scientific research, recreational activities and people's physical and mental health with the help of new forms and new ideas. Through the research and analysis of the related literature and scientific research progress at home and abroad, this paper summarizes the research bases at home and abroad, and combines the planning experience of forest parks and scenic spots to define the urban forest. The necessity of scientific research base planning is discussed in detail, and the skeleton of urban forest scientific research base is constructed. The classification, planning principles and planning steps of forest scientific research bases are important parts of the theoretical framework of the planning of scientific research bases and guide the development of scientific research bases. Planning depth, resource quality influencing planning characteristics, location superiority influencing planning site selection, and socio-economic conditions influencing planning concept are analyzed. The feasibility of planning and development of urban forest scientific research base is analyzed. After reasonable evaluation of scientific research potential and analysis of influencing factors, the basic idea of planning, namely, scientific research base, is put forward. Planning and scientific research objectives, social services, healthy life application, industrial development, the formation of scientific research base characteristics, the establishment of scientific and technological service brand in Shenzhen Yuanshan Scenic Area as the research object, the historical evolution of the Shenzhen Yuanshan project, geographical conditions, climate, vegetation resources and other aspects of the analysis, and location advantages, public demand, environmental protection. Through field investigation and analysis of the potential of scientific research and development, it is found that the development of Yuanshan scientific research base can meet the needs of public recreation and urban forest scientific research in Shenzhen. The project can be carried out from the aspects of air quality monitoring, tree health assessment and display, tree species protection and breeding, forest health care utility and industrial development. Insist on the scientific research system planning with scientific research service as the main body, cooperate with scientific research functional zoning and scientific research auxiliary system, form a complete planning content of urban forest scientific research base to meet the multi-functional needs of scientific research base. There are three systems for comprehensive service, scientific research monitoring and demonstration. Yuanshan Research Planning Area and Scientific Research Assistant System are designed based on the above three systems. Among them, the scientific research area based on comprehensive service system includes Yuanshan Base Comprehensive Service Area, and the scientific research assistance system includes Yuanshan Ecological Service Information Platform. The research area includes Shenzhen Yuanshan City Forest Ecological Positioning Station, and the research assistant system includes forest environment assistant monitoring network, forest environment forecast network, ecological culture community environmental quality monitoring and evaluation system. Demonstration zones for animal breeding and utilization, demonstration zones for landscape improvement of low-quality degraded forests, demonstration zones for primary forest tending, auxiliary systems for scientific research include green marking and explaining system for Yuanshan, scientific research and popularization system for landscape trees, and detection system for the impact of forest health care on human health indicators. Detailed planning, including bamboo and rattan germplasm resources collection area, forest physiotherapy comprehensive experimental area, aromatic plant breeding and utilization demonstration area, low-quality degraded forest landscape reconstruction demonstration area, primary forest tending demonstration area, and general regulations constitute an organic whole. The integrated R&D and exhibition system constitutes a comprehensive urban forest scientific research base platform which integrates scientific research monitoring, resource protection, popular science display, recreational education, green leisure and so on. The scientific research needs to explore the operation and management mechanism. Secondly, combining the theory with Shenzhen Yuanshan case study, this paper explores the resource protection and management system, environmental monitoring and management system, science popularization and display management system, and ecological industry management system in order to improve the management measures and suggestions to ensure the long-term benign operation of Yuanshan scientific research base. Through theoretical summary and case study, this paper puts forward a reasonable and feasible theoretical framework for the planning of urban forest scientific research base, and puts forward a plan for the planning of urban forest scientific research base which combines scientific research, popularization of science with service for recreation and construction of base communities. The successful construction of Shenzhen Yuanshan scientific research base has improved the living environment, enriched the tourist resources, enhanced the city display, and provided a reference case for the construction of China's urban forest scientific research base.
【学位授予单位】：中国林业科学研究院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU984.14

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