基于ZigBee的室内定位算法与辅助火灾救援决策平台实现
发布时间：2018-09-13 09:11
【摘要】：随着社会的发展,城市中的建筑物及人口数量都在不断增多,使得火灾的发生频率及造成的危害在不断攀升。在火灾发生时,如何对发生火灾的位置进行及时定位,如何将进入火场执行救援任务的消防人员的位置及相关数据传送给火场外的指挥人员,辅助他们进行最优人员分配,已成为一个很重要的研究方向。本文基于上述研究方向,提出了一种基于ZigBee的室内定位改进算法和一种基于定位的最优人员分配算法,将这些算法应用到了室内火灾救援中,设计并实现了一种基于ZigBee的辅助救援决策平台。 首先,本文在论证了ZigBee技术在室内定位中可行的前提下,结合ZigBee自身网络特点及本文所设的应用背景,从温度监控、火灾报警以及辅助决策三个方面给出了基于ZigBee的辅助决策平台的设计框架。考虑到平台实现的关键是室内定位与人员分配问题,本文提出了一种基于ZigBee的室内定位改进算法以及一种基于定位的最优人员分配算法的设计思路。 其次,在定位算法设计思路的基础上,本文给出了一种基于ZigBee的动态区域误差因子定位算法的具体描述。该算法主要提出了一种动态区域误差因子,通过将最小二乘法与动态区域误差因子相结合的方法,计算盲节点的位置坐标,以达到提高定位精度的效果,并在软件和硬件两个方面对该算法进行了精度验证。Matlab中的仿真结果证明,在节点处于静态和动态两种情况下,该算法在定位精度上都有显著的提升。在基于CC2530的硬件算法实现上,通过定位测距实验,从现实中进一步证明了该算法在硬件上的可行性及定位精确性。 再次,在人员分配算法设计思路的基础上,本文提出了一种基于定位的最优人员分配算法。通过分析比较各种相关算法的优缺点以及结合本文火场决策的应用背景,最终选择模糊多指标决策方法(FMCDM, Fuzzy Multiple Criteria Decision Making)来实现本文的最优人员分配算法。该算法通过对距离、环境以及装备等相关决策因素的计算与排序,实现相关消防人员的最优分配选择。 然后,本文在VB软件平台上对辅助救援决策平台的温度监控、火灾报警、辅助决策这三大模块进行了设计与实现。详细介绍了整个平台的设计步骤,并对平台的运行流程进行了描述。 最后,本文对整体的论文工作进行了总结与展望,指出了本文所设计的辅助救援决策平台中有待解决和完善的问题及进一步开发需要开展的工作。
[Abstract]:With the development of society, the number of buildings and people in the city is increasing, which makes the frequency of fire and the harm caused by fire rising. When a fire occurs, how to locate the location of the fire in time, how to transfer the location of the firefighters who enter the fire site to carry out rescue tasks and related data to the fire site Based on the above research directions, an improved indoor location algorithm based on ZigBee and a location-based optimal personnel allocation algorithm are proposed in this paper. These algorithms are applied to indoor fire rescue, and are designed and implemented. An aided Rescue Decision Platform Based on ZigBee.
Firstly, on the premise of demonstrating the feasibility of ZigBee technology in indoor positioning, combining with the characteristics of ZigBee's own network and the application background set up in this paper, the design framework of the aided decision-making platform based on ZigBee is given from three aspects: temperature monitoring, fire alarm and assistant decision-making. In this paper, an improved indoor positioning algorithm based on ZigBee and a location-based optimal personnel allocation algorithm are proposed.
Secondly, based on the design idea of localization algorithm, this paper gives a detailed description of a dynamic region error factor localization algorithm based on ZigBee. This algorithm mainly proposes a dynamic region error factor, and calculates the position coordinates of blind nodes by combining the least square method with the dynamic region error factor. In order to improve the positioning accuracy, the algorithm is validated both in software and hardware. The simulation results in MATLAB show that the positioning accuracy of the algorithm is significantly improved under both static and dynamic conditions. In the hardware algorithm based on CC2530, the positioning and ranging experiments are carried out to verify the accuracy of the algorithm. It further proves the feasibility and accuracy of the algorithm in hardware.
Thirdly, on the basis of the idea of personnel allocation algorithm design, this paper proposes an optimal personnel allocation algorithm based on location. By analyzing and comparing the advantages and disadvantages of various related algorithms and combining with the application background of fire field decision-making in this paper, the fuzzy multiple Criteria decision-making method (FMCDM) is finally selected. The algorithm realizes the optimal allocation of firefighters by calculating and ranking the distance, environment and equipment related decision-making factors.
Then, this paper designs and implements the temperature monitoring, fire alarm and assistant decision-making modules of the assistant rescue decision-making platform on the VB software platform.
Finally, this paper summarizes and prospects the overall work of the paper, and points out the problems to be solved and perfected in the assistant rescue decision-making platform designed in this paper and the work to be carried out for further development.
【学位授予单位】：东华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU998.1;TN92
本文编号：2240710
[Abstract]:With the development of society, the number of buildings and people in the city is increasing, which makes the frequency of fire and the harm caused by fire rising. When a fire occurs, how to locate the location of the fire in time, how to transfer the location of the firefighters who enter the fire site to carry out rescue tasks and related data to the fire site Based on the above research directions, an improved indoor location algorithm based on ZigBee and a location-based optimal personnel allocation algorithm are proposed in this paper. These algorithms are applied to indoor fire rescue, and are designed and implemented. An aided Rescue Decision Platform Based on ZigBee.
Firstly, on the premise of demonstrating the feasibility of ZigBee technology in indoor positioning, combining with the characteristics of ZigBee's own network and the application background set up in this paper, the design framework of the aided decision-making platform based on ZigBee is given from three aspects: temperature monitoring, fire alarm and assistant decision-making. In this paper, an improved indoor positioning algorithm based on ZigBee and a location-based optimal personnel allocation algorithm are proposed.
Secondly, based on the design idea of localization algorithm, this paper gives a detailed description of a dynamic region error factor localization algorithm based on ZigBee. This algorithm mainly proposes a dynamic region error factor, and calculates the position coordinates of blind nodes by combining the least square method with the dynamic region error factor. In order to improve the positioning accuracy, the algorithm is validated both in software and hardware. The simulation results in MATLAB show that the positioning accuracy of the algorithm is significantly improved under both static and dynamic conditions. In the hardware algorithm based on CC2530, the positioning and ranging experiments are carried out to verify the accuracy of the algorithm. It further proves the feasibility and accuracy of the algorithm in hardware.
Thirdly, on the basis of the idea of personnel allocation algorithm design, this paper proposes an optimal personnel allocation algorithm based on location. By analyzing and comparing the advantages and disadvantages of various related algorithms and combining with the application background of fire field decision-making in this paper, the fuzzy multiple Criteria decision-making method (FMCDM) is finally selected. The algorithm realizes the optimal allocation of firefighters by calculating and ranking the distance, environment and equipment related decision-making factors.
Then, this paper designs and implements the temperature monitoring, fire alarm and assistant decision-making modules of the assistant rescue decision-making platform on the VB software platform.
Finally, this paper summarizes and prospects the overall work of the paper, and points out the problems to be solved and perfected in the assistant rescue decision-making platform designed in this paper and the work to be carried out for further development.
【学位授予单位】：东华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU998.1;TN92
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