基于新兴信息技术的智慧施工进度管理研究
发布时间：2018-10-17 17:30
【摘要】：近二十年来我国建筑业快速发展，结构更加复杂、工期要求更加严苛的项目比比皆是。但是，越来越复杂的施工过程，导致工程进度信息成几何倍数增长，没有一个很好的平台能够承载这些信息，不利于进度目标的实现与管理。另一方面，目前指导施工的模型多是施工模型，不具有实时性，施工过程实际进度信息传递不及时导致的进度纠偏不及时，也会影响进度目标的实现。另外，施工现场构件的实时施工进度信息多变，与BIM模型中的构件无法进行有效的关联。施工进度是工程项目管理的基础和主线，进度的管理归根到底是对构件的管理，，然而蕴含在构件上的进度信息难以得到有效的描述，无法以标准格式的中间文件提供给施工方使用。 本文立足于上述背景，从智慧施工的理念出发，提出智慧施工进度管理的概念及实现机理。借助于BIM信息模型，以物联网的关键技术RFID技术为信息采集、传递手段，以普适环境下的上下文感知技术为信息处理手段，4D技术为分析工具，从施工进度信息的采集、处理、传递与共享出发，提出智慧施工进度管理信息模型总体框架，目的在于对进度管理更具有时效性。首先是创建目标构筑物的BIM信息模型，在此基础上将构件的进度上下文信息作为扩展数据添加到构件的属性集中，3D模型与进度计划进行链接从而实现4D。在实际施工的过程中利用实时施工模型进行进度管理。实时施工模型是与实际建筑物状态保持一致的模型，建立模型需要对项目进度不断的监控与更新。具体的是对已完成构件贴上RFID标签，通过阅读器将已完成构件的信息扫描传递，再经上下文处理，更新到BIM数据库，进行智能识别、替换，形成已建构筑物的基于BIM的实时施工模型，并以未完成的三维模型与未完成的进度计划实现对待施工部分的4D模拟，指导后续施工。文章最后以实例模拟的方式，验证上述流程。该研究有利于丰富已有进度管理的理论和实践，为解决施工进度管理中的信息问题提供了新的研究视角，但也存在不足，需要进一步的研究和完善。
[Abstract]:In the past twenty years, the construction industry has developed rapidly, the structure is more complicated, and the construction period is more demanding. However, the construction process is more and more complex, which leads to the increase of geometric multiple of the progress information, and there is no good platform to carry the information, which is not conducive to the realization and management of the progress goals. On the other hand, most of the models guiding construction are construction models, which do not have real time, and the progress correction caused by the transmission of actual progress information in the construction process is not timely, which will also affect the realization of progress goals. In addition, the real-time construction progress information of the components in the construction site is variable, and can not be effectively correlated with the components in the BIM model. Construction schedule is the basis and main line of project management. The management of schedule is the management of components in the final analysis, but the information contained in the component is difficult to be effectively described. Can not be provided in the standard format of the intermediate file for the use of the construction. Based on the above background and the concept of intelligent construction, this paper puts forward the concept and realization mechanism of intelligent construction schedule management. With the help of BIM information model, the key technology of the Internet of things, RFID technology, is used as the information collection and transmission means, the context-aware technology under the universal environment is used as the information processing means, the 4D technology is used as the analysis tool, and the construction progress information is collected and processed. The general framework of intelligent construction schedule management information model is put forward in order to be more timely for schedule management. Firstly, the BIM information model of the target structure is created. On this basis, the progress context information of the component is added to the attribute set of the component as extended data, and the 3D model is linked to the schedule plan to realize 4D. The real-time construction model is used to manage the progress in the process of actual construction. The real-time construction model is a model consistent with the actual building state. The establishment of the model needs to monitor and update the progress of the project constantly. Specifically, the finished components are labeled with RFID tags, scanned and transmitted by the reader, and then updated to the BIM database after the context processing, for intelligent identification and replacement. The real-time construction model based on BIM is formed, and the 4D simulation of the construction part is realized with the unfinished 3D model and the unfinished schedule plan to guide the subsequent construction. At the end of the paper, the flow is verified by an example. This research is helpful to enrich the theory and practice of the existing progress management, and provides a new research angle for solving the information problem in the construction schedule management. However, there are still some shortcomings, which need to be further studied and improved.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU722;TU17
[Abstract]:In the past twenty years, the construction industry has developed rapidly, the structure is more complicated, and the construction period is more demanding. However, the construction process is more and more complex, which leads to the increase of geometric multiple of the progress information, and there is no good platform to carry the information, which is not conducive to the realization and management of the progress goals. On the other hand, most of the models guiding construction are construction models, which do not have real time, and the progress correction caused by the transmission of actual progress information in the construction process is not timely, which will also affect the realization of progress goals. In addition, the real-time construction progress information of the components in the construction site is variable, and can not be effectively correlated with the components in the BIM model. Construction schedule is the basis and main line of project management. The management of schedule is the management of components in the final analysis, but the information contained in the component is difficult to be effectively described. Can not be provided in the standard format of the intermediate file for the use of the construction. Based on the above background and the concept of intelligent construction, this paper puts forward the concept and realization mechanism of intelligent construction schedule management. With the help of BIM information model, the key technology of the Internet of things, RFID technology, is used as the information collection and transmission means, the context-aware technology under the universal environment is used as the information processing means, the 4D technology is used as the analysis tool, and the construction progress information is collected and processed. The general framework of intelligent construction schedule management information model is put forward in order to be more timely for schedule management. Firstly, the BIM information model of the target structure is created. On this basis, the progress context information of the component is added to the attribute set of the component as extended data, and the 3D model is linked to the schedule plan to realize 4D. The real-time construction model is used to manage the progress in the process of actual construction. The real-time construction model is a model consistent with the actual building state. The establishment of the model needs to monitor and update the progress of the project constantly. Specifically, the finished components are labeled with RFID tags, scanned and transmitted by the reader, and then updated to the BIM database after the context processing, for intelligent identification and replacement. The real-time construction model based on BIM is formed, and the 4D simulation of the construction part is realized with the unfinished 3D model and the unfinished schedule plan to guide the subsequent construction. At the end of the paper, the flow is verified by an example. This research is helpful to enrich the theory and practice of the existing progress management, and provides a new research angle for solving the information problem in the construction schedule management. However, there are still some shortcomings, which need to be further studied and improved.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU722;TU17
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