自保温型加气混凝土砌块的研究
发布时间：2018-10-26 08:07
【摘要】：随着资源日益匮乏及大量固体污染废弃物的产生，如何降低建筑能耗、提高建筑节能标准并实现废弃资源再利用，已经成为一个热点话题。随着建筑节能的深入，现有的普通蒸压加气混凝土已经很难满足65%的建筑节能标准，这也为自保温型加气混凝土砌块的研究提供了广阔空间。 自保温型加气混凝土砌块即通过对现有的低端加气混凝土进行技术升级，所制备的低容重、高强度及低导热系数的高性能加气混凝土。由该新型建筑材料所砌筑的外墙建筑体系可在不依托其它保温材料的基础上，达到建筑节能65%的标准。 本文以矿渣微粉、水泥及油页岩灰为主要原材料制备B03级自保温型加气混凝土砌块。本试验通过研究原材料对蒸压加气混凝土性能的影响，并结合正交试验分析结果确定了主要原材料的配合比。在此基础上，本文还采用不同的激发处理方式来优化其性能，并结合SEM扫描电镜照片、XRD图谱和导热系数测定等手段，研究分析了相关的激发机理及其对加气混凝土微观结构、水化产物、强度和导热系数的影响。 研究成果如下： 1、本文所用的矿渣微粉是一种活性较高的矿物，其28d活性指数可达95%。油页岩灰为主要的硅质材料，可为水热合成反应提供充足的SiO2，生成有利于加气混凝土强度提高的水化硅酸钙等水化产物。适量掺入矿渣微粉和油页岩灰可显著改善坯体和加气混凝土的性能。 2、通过正交试验研究确定了较优的原材料配合比及主要工艺参数：油页岩灰35%，矿渣微粉25%，水泥40%，料浆温度35℃，双氧水4.0%，水料比0.60，稳泡剂A0.09%。 3、通过机械粉磨的方式对油页岩灰进行磨细处理，可有效改善物料的颗粒级配并激发其活性，显著提高加气混凝土的性能。研究表明，油页岩灰较适宜的机械粉磨时间为20min。 4、本文对比研究了三乙醇胺、硫酸钠和硅酸钠三种化学激发剂对加气混凝土性能的影响，其激发效果次序：硅酸钠硫酸钠三乙醇胺。其中，硅酸钠化学外加剂对加气混凝土性能的影响最显著，，而且，它还具有稳定双氧水的作用，可有效降低坯体的发气膨胀速率，优化孔结构。 5、本文对比研究了天然石膏、氟石膏和磷石膏三种矿物外加剂对加气混凝土性能的影响。氟石膏和磷石膏对加气混凝土的激发效果与天然石膏相似，其中磷石膏的激发效果最好。 6、采用物理激发与掺加矿物外加剂相结合的方式所制备自保温型加气混凝土砌块的各性能较优：容重282kg/m3，抗压强度1.52MPa，导热系数0.0779W/(m·K)。 7、本文对废弃加气混凝土砌块的基本性质及其应用于加气混凝土的可行性进行了研究，通过对比试验考查了其对加气混凝土性能的影响，为废砌块的资源化再利用提供了一定的参考数据。研究表明，适量的废砌块可起到晶种的作用，促进水热合成反应的进行，在一定程度上有利于材料性能的提高。
[Abstract]:With the increasing shortage of resources and the production of a large number of solid pollution wastes, how to reduce building energy consumption, improve building energy conservation standards and realize the reuse of waste resources has become a hot topic. With the development of building energy saving, it is difficult for the existing ordinary autoclaved aerated concrete to meet the 65% building energy saving standard, which also provides a wide space for the study of self-insulating aerated concrete blocks. The self-insulating aerated concrete block is the high performance aerated concrete with low bulk density, high strength and low thermal conductivity by upgrading the existing low-end aerated concrete. The building system built by this new building material can reach the standard of building energy saving 65% without relying on other thermal insulation materials. In this paper, B03 self-insulating aerated concrete block is prepared by using slag powder, cement and oil shale ash as main raw materials. The effect of raw materials on the properties of autoclaved aerated concrete was studied, and the mix ratio of main raw materials was determined by combining with the results of orthogonal test. On this basis, different excitation methods are adopted to optimize its performance. Combining with SEM scanning electron microscope photos, XRD spectra and thermal conductivity measurement, the related excitation mechanism and microstructure of aerated concrete are studied and analyzed. Effects of hydration products, strength and thermal conductivity. The results are as follows: 1. The slag powder used in this paper is a mineral with high activity, and its activity index can reach 95% in 28 days. Oil shale ash is the main siliceous material, which can provide sufficient SiO2, for hydrothermal synthesis to produce hydrated products such as calcium silicate hydrated to improve the strength of aerated concrete. Proper addition of slag powder and oil shale ash can improve the properties of billet and aerated concrete. 2. Through the orthogonal test, the optimum mix ratio of raw materials and main technological parameters were determined: oil shale ash 35, slag powder 25, cement 40, slurry temperature 35 鈩
本文编号：2295096
[Abstract]:With the increasing shortage of resources and the production of a large number of solid pollution wastes, how to reduce building energy consumption, improve building energy conservation standards and realize the reuse of waste resources has become a hot topic. With the development of building energy saving, it is difficult for the existing ordinary autoclaved aerated concrete to meet the 65% building energy saving standard, which also provides a wide space for the study of self-insulating aerated concrete blocks. The self-insulating aerated concrete block is the high performance aerated concrete with low bulk density, high strength and low thermal conductivity by upgrading the existing low-end aerated concrete. The building system built by this new building material can reach the standard of building energy saving 65% without relying on other thermal insulation materials. In this paper, B03 self-insulating aerated concrete block is prepared by using slag powder, cement and oil shale ash as main raw materials. The effect of raw materials on the properties of autoclaved aerated concrete was studied, and the mix ratio of main raw materials was determined by combining with the results of orthogonal test. On this basis, different excitation methods are adopted to optimize its performance. Combining with SEM scanning electron microscope photos, XRD spectra and thermal conductivity measurement, the related excitation mechanism and microstructure of aerated concrete are studied and analyzed. Effects of hydration products, strength and thermal conductivity. The results are as follows: 1. The slag powder used in this paper is a mineral with high activity, and its activity index can reach 95% in 28 days. Oil shale ash is the main siliceous material, which can provide sufficient SiO2, for hydrothermal synthesis to produce hydrated products such as calcium silicate hydrated to improve the strength of aerated concrete. Proper addition of slag powder and oil shale ash can improve the properties of billet and aerated concrete. 2. Through the orthogonal test, the optimum mix ratio of raw materials and main technological parameters were determined: oil shale ash 35, slag powder 25, cement 40, slurry temperature 35 鈩
本文编号：2295096
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