面向建筑管道工厂化施工的深化设计与辅助施工系统

发布时间：2018-11-11 17:40

【摘要】：随着我国建筑工厂化进程不断推进,建筑工程也逐渐由现场施工转为工厂化预制加工的生产方式。尽管,对于后者而言,前期建立工厂以及购买设备的资金投入比较高,但实际工程数据表明,后者相比前者能够显著缩短工期、降低总成本、节省人力物力、降低环境污染等,因此近年来得到了越来越广泛的关注和应用。其中,管道工程是当前建筑工厂化中较为成熟的应用主体。其施工流程包括预制构件的深化设计、预制加工、运输和现场安装,并最终将设施实体竣工交付至运维管理。但此流程目前还存在如下几个问题:1)我国建筑管道工厂化施工方式仍然处于起步阶段,其工作流程及管理模式还不够完善;2)缺乏智能有效的深化设计工具,其深化设计过程严重依赖于设备厂家,设计过程不透明;3)信息传递以纸质或电子版文件为主,容易造成信息丢失与冗余,而且可能在多个地方都有备份,导致数据的不一致;4)缺乏信息共享机制,导致各阶段信息无法有效的从一个阶段传递到下一个阶段,形成“信息孤岛”问题;5)各参与方之间的沟通机制不完善,没有有效的协同工作平台,容易导致信息扭曲或丢失。建筑信息模型(Building Information Model、BIM)是在三维数字模型的基础之上集成了建筑项目及产品的各种相关信息,形成的工程项目及过程的数字化模型。BIM技术可以有效的解决各阶段信息共享以及多参与方协同工作的问题,可以支持可视化、智能化的深化设计,从而为解决上述问题提供了技术支撑。基于这一理念和技术,本文面向建筑管道工厂化施工,首先研究了建筑管道工厂化全过程信息管理的技术特点,接着对预制构件深化设计技术及多参与方业务流程管理这两个关键问题进行了深入研究,从而提出了基于BIM的建筑管道工厂化深化设计与辅助施工的解决方案。基于此解决方案,并结合课题组前期研究工作,设计并搭建了一个基于BIM的建筑管道工厂化信息管理平台(BIM-IMP)。该平台主要包含四个系统,分别为建筑管道工厂化预制构件设计系统(BIM-FDD)、建筑管道工厂化辅助施工管理系统(BIM-FC)、建筑管道工厂化移动平台信息管理系统(BIM-FM)、机电设备运维管理系统(BIM-FIM)。BIM-IMP可以解决建筑工厂化各阶段信息共享问题,为多参与方协同工作提供了统一的平台。该平台在两个大型项目中进行了应用验证,取得了良好的经济效益和社会效益,为进一步推动建筑工厂化和BIM技术的发展提供了良好的借鉴。
[Abstract]:With the continuous advancement of the process of building factory construction in China, the construction engineering has gradually changed from field construction to factory production mode of prefabrication. Although, for the latter, the investment in building factories and purchasing equipment in the early stage is relatively high, the actual engineering data show that the latter can significantly shorten the duration of the project, reduce the total cost, save manpower and material resources, and reduce environmental pollution, and so on. So in recent years, it has been paid more and more attention and applied. Among them, pipeline engineering is the more mature application subject in the current building factory. The construction process includes the deepening design of prefabricated components, prefabrication, transportation and on-site installation, and ultimately the completion of the facility entity to operations and maintenance management. However, there are still some problems in this process: 1) the industrial construction mode of construction pipeline in China is still in its infancy, and its work flow and management mode are not perfect enough; 2) lack of intelligent and effective design tools, the deepening design process depends heavily on the equipment manufacturers, the design process is not transparent; 3) the paper or electronic document is the main transmission of information, which is easy to cause information loss and redundancy, and may be backed up in many places, resulting in inconsistent data; 4) lack of information sharing mechanism, which leads to the information transfer from one stage to the next stage effectively, forming the problem of "information island"; 5) the communication mechanism among the participants is not perfect and there is no effective cooperative work platform, which can easily lead to information distortion or loss. Building Information Model (Building Information Model,BIM) integrates all kinds of information about construction projects and products on the basis of 3D digital model. BIM technology can effectively solve the problems of information sharing and multi-party collaborative work in all stages, and can support the visualization and intelligent deepening design. Thus, it provides technical support for solving the above problems. Based on this concept and technology, this paper aims at industrial construction of building pipeline. Firstly, the technical characteristics of information management in the whole process of industrial construction of building pipeline are studied. Then, two key problems, namely, deepening design technology of prefabricated components and multi-party business process management, are studied in depth, and a solution for further industrial design and auxiliary construction of building pipelines based on BIM is put forward. Based on this solution and the previous research work of the research group, a building pipeline industrial information management platform (BIM-IMP) based on BIM is designed and built. The platform consists of four systems, namely, the Industrial component Design system (BIM-FDD) and the Industrial subsidiary Construction Management system (BIM-FC). The information management system of factory mobile platform (BIM-FM) and the operation and maintenance management system of electromechanical equipment (BIM-FIM). BIM-IMP can solve the problem of information sharing in every stage of factory construction. It provides a unified platform for multi-participants to work together. The platform has been applied and verified in two large scale projects, and has obtained good economic and social benefits, which provides a good reference for further promoting the development of building factory and BIM technology.
【学位授予单位】：清华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU81;TU741

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