当代风景园林发展中的“土人”景观思想与实践研究

发布时间：2018-12-12 16:28

【摘要】：全球化、工业化、城镇化给中国现代城市发展带来了诸多问题，主要表现为人地关系的恶化和民族身份认同的危机。作为城市发展中解决生态环境、文化传承等问题的重要学科，中国风景园林正发挥着越来越重要的作用，而“土人”在这样的大背景下异军突起，十几年间有了狂飙式发展。但是，发展的同时也受到外界诸多质疑与批评，从而产生了一种“土人现象”。本篇论文以“土人现象”为线索，以系统的梳理“土人”思想与实践体系为核心目标，通过文献综合法、案例分析法、归纳总结法、问卷访谈法等科学的研究方法，探索思想来源与“土人”思想间的联系，把握思想的发展流变；论述了“土人”的核心思想，体现土地的价值；解析了“土人”的经典案例，总结生态性的设计手法；最后，提出外界对“土人”的质疑，从而更加全面、真实的分析“土人”，从而通过总体研究，引发我对“土人”在生态、文化、学科、社会四个层面的思考。本论文共分为七个章节来论述“土人”思想与实践体系。第一章是绪论部分，对论文的研究背景、目的、意义、方法以及相关概念进行阐述。第二章是研究成果综述部分，对俞孔坚的文献、北大景观设计的学位论文、“土人”的项目以及国内外相关研究现状进行全面的归纳总结与评述。第三章是对“土人”思想来源探索，通过对相关思想来源的研究与分析，建立与“土人”思想间的桥梁，从而更加深刻、透彻的理解“土人”思想。第四章是对土地的价值——“土人”的思想体系的研究，从对当代景观设计的定位——生存的艺术、设计核心——“天地—人—神”、设计方法——“反规划”、审美方式——“大脚美学”四个方面进行全面综合分析，从而搭建起“土人”思想总体框架。第五章是景观生态规划——“土人”实践项目的解析，分别从景观安全格局、滨水景观设计、文化遗产景观设计三个最具“土人”标志性的项目领域中分别选取了一个最具有代表性的案例，从核心思想、研究方法、设计手法以及方案评价四个方面进行综合的分析，并且通过对“土人”大量案例的解读，，总结出“土人”景观的生态性设计手法。第六章是对“土人现象”的讨论与反思，通过文献、问卷、访谈的形式，归纳、总结出外界对“土人”的多方面质疑，并且通过一些访谈，更加深入去解读“土人”，最终，通过对“土人”全面的解析，对“土人现象”进行思考。第七章是总结与展望，归纳研究成功之处，提出论文的创新点与不足，并且对未来中国风景园林发展方向进行展望。本论文客观、理性的剖析了“土人现象”，通过文献、问卷、访谈、现场调研、公司实习等方式，客观、理性的分析“土人”；全面的梳理了“土人”景观的思想与实践体系；为读者提供了良好的学习平台，为日后的深入性研究构建起夯实的基础。
[Abstract]:Globalization, industrialization and urbanization have brought many problems to the development of modern cities in China, mainly manifested in the deterioration of human-land relations and the crisis of national identity. As an important subject to solve the problems of ecological environment and cultural heritage in urban development, Chinese landscape architecture is playing a more and more important role, and "natives" have been developing rapidly in more than ten years under such a background. However, the development has also been questioned and criticized by the outside world, resulting in a "natives phenomenon." This paper takes "the natives phenomenon" as the clue, systematically combs the "natives" thought and the practice system as the core goal, through the literature synthesis method, the case analysis method, the induction summary method, the questionnaire interview method and so on scientific research method. To explore the relationship between the source of thought and the thought of "natives", and to grasp the development and evolution of the thought; This paper discusses the core thought of "the natives" and reflects the value of the land, analyzes the classic cases of the "natives", and sums up the ecological design methods. Finally, the author puts forward the question of "natives" from the outside world, so as to make a more comprehensive and true analysis of "natives", so that through the overall study, I think about the "natives" in the four aspects of ecology, culture, discipline and society. This thesis is divided into seven chapters to discuss the thought and practice system of natives. The first chapter is the introduction, the research background, purpose, significance, methods and related concepts are described. The second chapter is the summary of the research results, the literature of Yu Kongjian, the thesis of landscape design of Peking University, the project of "Native Man" and the current situation of related research at home and abroad. The third chapter is to explore the source of the "natives" thought, through the research and analysis of the related ideological sources, to establish a bridge with the "natives" thought, so as to have a deeper and more thorough understanding of the "natives" thought. The fourth chapter is the study of the value of land, the thought system of "natives", from the positioning of contemporary landscape design to the art of survival, the core of design-"heaven and earth-man-god", the design method-"anti-planning". Aesthetic mode-"Big foot Aesthetics" four aspects of comprehensive analysis, so as to set up the "natives" overall frame of thought. The fifth chapter is the analysis of landscape ecological planning, the practical project of "natives", from the landscape security pattern, waterfront landscape design, In the three most iconic project fields of cultural heritage landscape design, one of the most representative cases is selected, which is analyzed synthetically from four aspects: core thought, research method, design method and project evaluation. And through the interpretation of a large number of cases of "natives", the ecological design techniques of "natives" landscape are summarized. The sixth chapter is the discussion and reflection on the "natives phenomenon". Through literature, questionnaire, interview form, summing up the outside of the "natives" many aspects of doubt, and through some interviews, more in-depth interpretation of "natives", finally, Through the comprehensive analysis of the natives, the author thinks about the natives phenomenon. The seventh chapter is the summary and prospect, summarizes the research success, proposes the innovation point and the insufficiency of the thesis, and carries on the prospect to the future Chinese landscape architecture development direction. This paper analyzes the "natives phenomenon" objectively and rationally, analyzes the "natives" objectively and rationally through the methods of literature, questionnaire, interview, on-the-spot investigation, company practice and so on, and comprehensively combs the thought and practice system of the landscape of "natives". It provides a good learning platform for readers and provides a solid foundation for further research.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU986

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