风环境影响下的高层建筑形态设计策略

发布时间：2018-12-25 14:00

【摘要】：本文在对高层建筑与风环境相互影响的分析基础上,提出优化高层形态及风环境的策略,并根据研究绿色建筑评价标准,提出适应风环境的高层建筑的评价标准,对高层风环境优化策略的可行性加以验证。高层建筑因其高度和巨大的体量,会严重阻挡基地内风向的流动,当风撞击到高层建筑上时,在附近形成了不同类型的气流,这些气流相互作用,导致了高层附近风环境复杂紊乱。高层风对内对外都有巨大的影响:对外,高层风影响城市街道行人的舒适性、市民广场等室外场地的正常活动;对内,由于高层的区域气流过大,导致高层封闭性较高,很难实现自然通风,影响使用者的健康和情绪;同时,高层风对高层建筑产生的风荷载也是对结构提出的一个大挑战。然而,高层建筑风环境的状况与高层建筑的形体密切相关,改变建筑的形体可以达到优化风环境的目的。从而实现在高密度的状态下创造舒适性的人居环境,同时降低建筑空调使用能耗,降低高层建筑对城市环境的影响。目前关于高层建筑与风环境的研究尚不完善,所以笔者在本文的研究中先在传统的高层建筑设计基础上,对建筑平面、立面、转角处进行一定处理,达到优化风环境的目的。随着非线性设计理念的出现,风环境的优化方法得到了拓展,很多设计者从设计之初就将风做为重要影响因素,“生成”适应风环境的形体。为了确定优化策略在实际工程中的可实施性,需要科学的、量化的标准去对优化的结果进行评价。依据绿色建筑评价体系,可以提取总结出风环境的评价体系,以此检验建筑设计过程中及实际运行中的风环境状况,并在后续使用中不断进行修正,形成越来越完善的评价方法,进而不断指导风环境优化设计。
[Abstract]:Based on the analysis of the interaction between high-rise building and wind environment, this paper puts forward the strategy of optimizing high-rise building form and wind environment, and puts forward the evaluation standard of high-rise building adapting to wind environment according to the study of evaluation standard of green building. The feasibility of wind environment optimization strategy is verified. Tall buildings, because of their height and huge volume, can seriously block the flow of wind direction in the base. When the wind hits the high-rise building, different types of airflow are formed in the vicinity, which interact with each other. The wind environment near the high level is complicated and disordered. High-rise wind has a great impact on both inside and outside: external, high-level wind affects the comfort of pedestrians on urban streets, public square and other outdoor venues of normal activities; At home, because of the high air flow in the high-rise area, it is difficult to realize natural ventilation and affect the health and emotion of the users. At the same time, the wind load caused by the high-rise wind on the high-rise building is also a great challenge to the structure. However, the wind environment of high-rise buildings is closely related to the shape of high-rise buildings, and changing the shape of buildings can achieve the purpose of optimizing wind environment. In order to create a comfortable living environment, reduce the energy consumption of building air conditioning, and reduce the impact of high-rise buildings on the urban environment. At present, the research on high-rise building and wind environment is not perfect, so the author first deals with the plane, elevation and corner of the building on the basis of the traditional high-rise building design in order to optimize the wind environment. With the appearance of the idea of nonlinear design, the method of wind environment optimization has been expanded. Many designers have taken the wind as an important factor from the beginning of the design to "generate" the shape to adapt to the wind environment. In order to determine the feasibility of optimization strategy in practical engineering, scientific and quantitative criteria are needed to evaluate the results of optimization. According to the evaluation system of green building, the evaluation system of wind environment can be extracted and summarized, which can be used to test the wind environment condition in the course of architectural design and in actual operation, and to revise continuously in subsequent use. Form a more and more perfect evaluation method, and then continue to guide the wind environment optimization design.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU973.213

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