偏冷环境下局部热刺激对人体热舒适的影响研究
发布时间：2019-01-01 14:16
【摘要】：随着传统的空调系统导致“病态建筑综合症”的出现，及建筑能源的不断消耗，促使人们去寻求舒适、健康和节能的空调方案。在这种情况下，局部热刺激所形成的非均匀环境开始成为学者研究的热点。同时在实际生活中非均匀环境的广泛存在，使其研究不但具有广泛的应用背景，还将有助于揭示人体热反应的深层次规律。因此，本文采取现场调查和实验研究相结合的方法，对偏冷环境局部热刺激条件下的人体热反应进行探索性研究。 首先，本文于2012年冬季在重庆大学自然通风教室和宿舍开展人体热舒适现场调查工作，共获得382份有效数据，其中男性218份，女性164份。从服装热阻分析得出冬季人员服装热阻的分布特性，，反映出冬季人员典型的着衣习惯；并对局部和整体热感觉投票分析得出手背、大腿和脚部的热感觉投票值与整体热感觉投票值较为接近，且小腿热感觉最能解释整体热感觉的变化，整体热感觉主要受小腿、手背、额头和脚部热感觉的控制。 然后，本文基于现场调查研究结果以在校健康大学生为受试人群，于2013年12月～2014年1月开展了以12℃和14℃为背景温度的小腿热刺激实验研究，对比分析背景工况和送风工况下各部位热感觉和热舒适发现，大腿、小腿、脚部和整体的热感觉和热舒适均出现显著性差异。除在12℃背景工况下，送风温度为52.8℃时胸口和背部热感觉出现显著差异，及14℃背景工况下，送风温度为33.2℃和41.5℃时背部和手背热舒适出现显著差异外，其他部位热感觉和热舒适未出现显著性差异。且当在12和14℃工况下小腿送风温差范围分别为38.7～42.0℃和18.4～28.9℃时，整体热感觉达到ASHRAE标准推荐值（-0.5～0.5）。分析整体热感觉与平均皮肤温度的关系，发现两者在稳态环境下呈良好的线性关系，而非稳态环境下两者出现分离，热感觉出现“超前”现象。 通过主成分分析方法得出偏冷环境下小腿热刺激时，身体各部位热感觉对整体热感觉影响权重，发现人体下半身热感觉权重系数较大，与偏热环境下所得权重有所不同，说明局部热感觉对整体热感觉的影响权重在一定程度上受背景环境的影响。在偏冷非均匀环境下，探讨热感觉对热舒适的影响作用，提出包含刺激部位、非刺激部位共同作用的热感觉不均匀度，并得出偏冷非均匀环境下整体热舒适的预测模型，可对偏冷非均匀环境进行评价。
[Abstract]:With the emergence of "sick building syndrome" caused by traditional air conditioning system, and the constant consumption of building energy, people are urged to seek comfort, health and energy saving air conditioning solutions. In this case, the non-uniform environment formed by local thermal stimulation has become a hot topic. At the same time, because of the widespread existence of non-uniform environment in real life, the research on it will not only have a wide application background, but also help to reveal the deep rules of human thermal reaction. Therefore, the method of field investigation and experimental study is used to study the human body thermal response under local thermal stimulation in cold environment. Firstly, in the winter of 2012, we conducted a field investigation of human thermal comfort in natural ventilation classrooms and dormitories of Chongqing University, and obtained 382 valid data, of which 218 were male and 164 were female. From the analysis of the clothing thermal resistance, the distribution characteristics of the winter personnel's clothing thermal resistance are obtained, which reflects the typical clothing habit of the winter personnel. The results showed that the voting value of thermal sensation in the back of the hand, thigh and foot was close to that of the whole thermal sensation, and the thermal sensation of the lower leg could explain the change of the whole thermal sensation, and the whole thermal sensation was mainly affected by the lower leg. The control of the back of the hand, forehead and foot heat sensation. Then, based on the results of field investigation, an experimental study was conducted on the shank thermal stimulation with background temperature of 12 鈩
本文编号：2397682
[Abstract]:With the emergence of "sick building syndrome" caused by traditional air conditioning system, and the constant consumption of building energy, people are urged to seek comfort, health and energy saving air conditioning solutions. In this case, the non-uniform environment formed by local thermal stimulation has become a hot topic. At the same time, because of the widespread existence of non-uniform environment in real life, the research on it will not only have a wide application background, but also help to reveal the deep rules of human thermal reaction. Therefore, the method of field investigation and experimental study is used to study the human body thermal response under local thermal stimulation in cold environment. Firstly, in the winter of 2012, we conducted a field investigation of human thermal comfort in natural ventilation classrooms and dormitories of Chongqing University, and obtained 382 valid data, of which 218 were male and 164 were female. From the analysis of the clothing thermal resistance, the distribution characteristics of the winter personnel's clothing thermal resistance are obtained, which reflects the typical clothing habit of the winter personnel. The results showed that the voting value of thermal sensation in the back of the hand, thigh and foot was close to that of the whole thermal sensation, and the thermal sensation of the lower leg could explain the change of the whole thermal sensation, and the whole thermal sensation was mainly affected by the lower leg. The control of the back of the hand, forehead and foot heat sensation. Then, based on the results of field investigation, an experimental study was conducted on the shank thermal stimulation with background temperature of 12 鈩
本文编号：2397682
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