乡村住宅空间气候适应性研究

发布时间：2019-01-04 12:19

【摘要】：我国幅员辽阔，建筑气候区划分跨越了热、温、寒等气候带，加上较强大陆性气候特征，对乡村住宅气候适应性提出较高要求。然而，当前乡村住宅存在着：缺乏地域气候适应性考虑，能耗过高和传统乡村住宅急速消逝的现状。改变现状，借鉴传统住宅的气候适应经验，研究乡村住宅空间气候适应性，是有意义的探索。主要研究了乡村住宅空间气候适应性演变规律和地域差异，探寻一条需要把握其气候适应性发展脉络，考虑地域地区其气候适应性异同，凭借乡村新旧住宅空间气候适应性的实践案例验证，构建乡村住宅空间气候适应性理论认知和推进其实践设计的可持续乡村住宅发展的道路。首先，对气候、乡村、住宅空间等概念进行了阐释，初步概括了乡村住宅空间气候适应性表现。其次，采用演绎归纳的研究方法，研究了北京四合院。在不同农业时代的背景下，从平面组合到空间形式再到建构技术，论述其气候适应下四合院从“雏形——成熟——转变”地演变过程，分析其空间形态演变、参数因子，构建了乡村住宅空间气候适应性理论认知的第一个层面：气候适应性是逐步适应、成熟的过程。再次，采用对比分析的研究方法，研究了党家村和西递村。在地域地区气候条件差异下，从平面组合、空间形式和建构技术等三个方面，分析空间气候适应的地域气候参数、气候特征参数以及基本宅院热环境舒适性，构建了乡村住宅空间气候适应性理论认知的第二个层面：气候适应具有自身生成机制规律。最后，结合银川碱富桥实验住宅实践案例，通过对新旧乡村住宅调研、验证了住宅空间气候适应性的差异，，从理论认知推进到实践设计。希望，能为当前乡村住宅的研究和实践提供参考和借鉴。
[Abstract]:Our country has a vast territory and the architectural climate zone has crossed the climatic zones such as heat, temperature and cold, together with strong continental climatic characteristics, which puts forward higher requirements for the climate adaptability of rural housing. However, there are some problems in rural housing: lack of regional climate adaptability, high energy consumption and rapid disappearance of traditional rural housing. It is a meaningful exploration to change the present situation, learn from the experience of climate adaptation of traditional housing, and study the spatial climate adaptability of rural housing. This paper mainly studies the evolution law and regional difference of spatial climate adaptability of rural housing, and explores a way to grasp the development of climate adaptability and consider the similarities and differences of climate adaptability in regional areas. Based on the practical case study of the spatial climate adaptability of the new and old rural residential buildings, the paper constructs the theoretical cognition of the spatial climate adaptability of rural housing and the road of sustainable rural housing development which can promote its practical design. Firstly, the concepts of climate, countryside and residential space are explained, and the adaptability of rural residential space is preliminarily summarized. Secondly, the research method of deductive induction is used to study the Beijing quadrangle. Under the background of different agricultural times, from plane combination to spatial form to construction technology, this paper discusses the evolution process of siheyuan from "embryonic form-mature-transformation" to its climatic adaptation, and analyzes its spatial morphological evolution and parameter factors. The first level of the theory cognition of spatial climate adaptability of rural residence is constructed: climate adaptability is a process of gradual adaptation and maturity. Thirdly, Dangjia Village and Xifu Village are studied by comparative analysis. Under the difference of regional climatic conditions, the regional climatic parameters, climatic characteristic parameters and thermal comfort of the basic house yard are analyzed from three aspects: plane combination, spatial form and construction technology. The second level of the theory cognition of spatial climate adaptability of rural residence is constructed: climate adaptation has its own generating mechanism. Finally, based on the practical case of Yinchuan Jifuqiao experimental residence, through the investigation of new and old rural housing, the difference of residential spatial climate adaptability is verified, from theoretical cognition to practical design. Hope, can provide reference and reference for the current rural housing research and practice.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU241.4;TU119.5

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