基于巴渝传统民居被动式降温模式的村镇住区设计研究

发布时间：2019-01-05 11:38

【摘要】：传统民居是适应自然、因地制宜的产物。在众多的自然因素中，对气候的适应是民居营建中需要考虑的重要方面。在有限的经济、技术条件下，传统民居形成了一系列朴素而行之有效地适应气候的手段、方式和方法。在今天看来，这些方法就是所谓的被动式策略。在能耗问题突出的今天，对传统民居被动式技术的研究，具有极强的现实意义。巴渝地区地理条件复杂，气候湿热，使得建筑环境闷热难耐，建筑技术对环境的应对就是如何降温维持热舒适性。地理与气候的相互作用，产生了多样的微气候环境，更加重住宅环境的闷热状况，在长期适应和改进过程中，巴渝地区传统民居形成了众多具有鲜明特色的被动式降温方法。然而，对于这一点长期以来缺乏系统性的研究。同时，在快速城镇化和新农村建设的过程，对传统营建智慧的忽视，导致了村镇住区的能耗问题突出。针对上述问题，本文系统的总结了巴渝地区传统村镇聚落的被动式降温经验，并结合众多实例分析提出了传统被动式降温方法如何应用于现代住区中，最后结合实际工程项目，进一步分析和应用了相关策略。本文一共分为五个部分：第一部分是绪论部分，主要交代本文的研究背景、目的及意义，相关研究成果综述等内容，界定本文的研究范围以及相关研究方法，提出本文的研究框架。第二部分解决认知问题，对巴渝地区的气候环境进行了总结，然后结合各地民居的不同形态解析了聚落空间与气候条件的关联性，最后梳理了巴渝村镇住区的发展沿革以及现状存在的问题。第三部分是解决方法问题，共两个个章节，前一章节从通风降温，遮阳降温，隔热降温和环境降温四方面详细分析了巴渝地区村镇传统聚落的被动式降温模式，后一章节首先分析了现代村镇住区与传统聚落的差异，，然后结合国内外的众多住区案例分析中，从建筑布局，形体设计和构件设计三个方面分析了将传统民居被动式降温方式应用于现代村镇住区的方式方法。第四部分通过设计实践“重庆市开县红光村居民小区设计”，对本文的研究成果进行实际应用。第五部分总结全文，概括本文的研究成果以及本论文的不足。
[Abstract]:Traditional residence is the product of adapting to nature and adapting to local conditions. Among many natural factors, climate adaptation is an important aspect to be considered in the construction of residential buildings. Under the condition of limited economy and technology, traditional houses have formed a series of simple and effective means, methods and methods to adapt to the climate. Today, these methods are called passive strategies. Nowadays, the problem of energy consumption is prominent, the research on passive technology of traditional residence is of great practical significance. The complex geographical conditions and humid and hot climate in Bao-Yu area make the building environment sultry and difficult to endure. How to cool down and maintain thermal comfort is the way to deal with the environment by building technology. The interaction of geography and climate has produced a variety of microclimate environment, and aggravated the muggy condition of residential environment. In the process of long-term adaptation and improvement, many passive cooling methods with distinct characteristics have been formed in traditional houses in Bayu area. However, there has been a lack of systematic research on this point for a long time. At the same time, in the process of rapid urbanization and new rural construction, the traditional wisdom of construction is ignored, which leads to the problem of energy consumption in villages and towns. In view of the above problems, this paper systematically summarizes the passive cooling experience of the traditional villages and towns in Bayu area, and puts forward how to apply the traditional passive cooling method to the modern residential area, and finally combines with the actual project. Further analysis and application of relevant strategies. This paper is divided into five parts: the first part is the introduction part, mainly describes the research background, purpose and significance of this article, related research results, and so on, defines the scope of this research and related research methods. The research framework of this paper is put forward. The second part solves the cognitive problems, summarizes the climate and environment in Bayu area, and then analyzes the relationship between settlement space and climate conditions according to the different forms of residential buildings. Finally, the paper combs the development history and existing problems of the village and town residential area in Bayu. The third part is to solve the problem, there are two chapters, the former chapter from the ventilation cooling, sunshade cooling, heat insulation cooling and environmental cooling four aspects of the traditional villages and towns in the Bayu area, the traditional settlement of the passive cooling model. The latter chapter first analyzes the differences between modern villages and towns and traditional settlements, and then combines with the many cases of residential areas at home and abroad, from the architectural layout, This paper analyzes the ways and means of applying the passive cooling method of traditional residential buildings to modern villages and towns from the aspects of body design and component design. In the fourth part, through the design practice of "Hongguang Village Residential District Design in Kaixian County, Chongqing", the research results of this paper are applied in practice. The fifth part summarizes the full text, summarizes the research results and the shortcomings of this paper.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU982.29

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