惯习与空间—新型城镇化安置小区公共空间的研究

发布时间：2019-02-21 17:09

【摘要】：现在中国大多数城市的主要元素之一是笔直开敞的街道，千篇一律的大体量城市住宅自由的散布在公园化的城市空间中。城市空间概念化的地图中呈现出均匀的质感，没有对比、层级、缺乏组织结构。在城镇化过程中城市边缘的许多村落正在消失，拆迁安置小区的规划依旧延续或者抄袭现代城市规划的范本。住宅小区中具有空间组织秩序的街道及广场已经不复存在，各个层级的空间在住宅小区的楼与楼之间零散的拼凑在一起，空间的层次已经消失殆尽。推进新型城镇化，，不能盲目复制国外规划设计模式，而是要传承自身的文脉，重塑自身的文化地域特色。没有自己的文化根基，创造不出自己的特色，自身优势就发挥不出来，就会造成千城一面的景象。城镇化过程中城市边缘的拆迁安置居住小区割裂式的设计，缺失了很多中国文化和思想内涵，这种粗暴的规划设计必然隐藏着种种缺陷。安置小区居民的归属感、领域感的缺失不仅仅在物质上清晰的表现出来，同样也表现在精神文化需求上面。在列斐伏尔看来空间也是可以生产的，空间的生产把物质和精神二元的相互对立的两个因素结合起来。空间的生产，不仅仅是物质性的生产，也受到文化、惯习、历史等因素的影响。在社会实践中布尔迪厄将习性、场域和资本做为相互作用的因素同时考虑。中国城镇化的浪潮中，城市的边缘是社会实践和空间生产的主要场所，在这里具有中国文化根基的村落逐渐消失，农民搬迁进安置小区，他们从农民突然转变为城镇居民的不适应性表现的愈加明显。安置小区的公共空间作为居民日常生活的空间载体，居民的日常活动和基本交往在此进行。小区公共空间应延续村落的空间层次，让小区有明确的地域性；应延续中国村落居民的人文情感和风俗习惯，适应居民现代的生活方式。拆迁安置小区的适应性设计同时应该结合现代城市的社会、经济、文化等因素，对原村落中的受自然条件和人文条件影响形成的空间进行借鉴和延续，进而对小区公共空间进行转译和重组，满足现代居民的日常生活需求。
[Abstract]:Now one of the main elements of most cities in China is the straight open streets, the uniform mass of urban housing scattered freely in the park-based urban space. The conceptual map of urban space presents a uniform texture, no contrast, no hierarchy, and a lack of organizational structure. In the process of urbanization, many villages on the edge of the city are disappearing, and the planning of the demolition and resettlement areas is still continuing or plagiarizing the model of modern urban planning. The streets and squares with spatial organization have ceased to exist in the residential area. The space of all levels has been pieced together between the buildings of the residential area, and the level of space has disappeared. To promote new urbanization, we should not blindly copy the foreign planning and design mode, but should inherit their own context and reshape their own cultural and regional characteristics. Without their own cultural foundation, can not create their own characteristics, their advantages will not play out, will cause a thousand cities. In the process of urbanization, many Chinese culture and ideological connotations are missing in the design of urban fringe demolition and resettlement residential district. This kind of rough planning and design is bound to hide all sorts of defects. The sense of belonging and the lack of sense of domain are not only clearly displayed materially, but also in spiritual and cultural needs. In Lefefort's view, space is also productive, the production of space combines the two opposing elements of material and spiritual duality. Space production, not only material production, but also by culture, habit, history and other factors. In social practice, Bourdieu takes habit, field and capital as interaction factors. In the wave of urbanization in China, the edge of the city is the main place for social practice and space production. The villages with the foundation of Chinese culture are gradually disappearing here, and the peasants move into the resettlement areas. Their sudden shift from farmers to urban residents is becoming more and more inadaptable. The public space of the residential area is the space carrier of the residents' daily life, and the daily activities and basic communication of the residents are carried out here. The community public space should extend the spatial level of the village and make the district have a definite regionality, and should continue the humanistic emotion and custom of the Chinese village residents, and adapt to the modern life style of the residents. At the same time, the adaptive design of the relocation and resettlement area should be combined with the social, economic and cultural factors of the modern city, and the space formed by the natural and human conditions in the original village should be used for reference and continued. Then the community public space is translated and reorganized to meet the daily needs of modern residents.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU984.12

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