延边地区城镇房屋抗震性能调查与设计

发布时间：2019-03-22 08:45

【摘要】：地震是一种危害性极大的自然现象,其发生过程具有随机性和不可预测性,级别较大地震瞬间释放能量值,将会直接造成房屋倒塌和地理地貌改变,给人民群众生产生活带来巨大影响。吉林省延边朝鲜族自治州,地处全球地震活动最强烈的环太平洋地震带上,地质构造复杂,是我国大陆唯一深源地震、浅源地震和火山活动共存地,境内已查明断裂带有13条,其中11条沿断裂带发生过中强地震或震群活动,可见对于吉林省延边地区乡镇房屋抗震性调查和房屋改造设计,具有较强理论和实践意义,一方面能够完善和改造乡镇居民危房,有效保障人民群众生产生活,另一方面假设发生地震,通过房屋改造性设计,有效降低社会物质财务损失。本文主要工作如下：1、对延吉地区部分乡镇进行抽样实地走访和问卷调查,调研地区包括3个市9个镇：延边州的珲春市、和龙市、龙井市,以及三市下辖哈达门镇、敬信镇、马滴达镇；南平镇、古城里乡、芦果镇；开山屯、三河镇、白金镇。调研地区概况进行描述,进行乡镇建筑房屋材料的选择和建筑结构特点分析,同时,将调研实际走访情况和问卷,进行数据整理和统计作,为下一步抗震结构性能分析提供先验性知识积累。2、地震破坏作用机理主要源于推动地面运动,使得建筑物无法承受惯性力,而导致建筑物破坏。通过仿真平台进行建筑物结构建模,利用模拟地震作用下的地震波,研究建筑结构动力学性能、结构破损情况,已经得到很多研究人员认可。对所选延边地区3市6镇调查结果基础上,选择乡镇近期建设的双层砌体和混凝土框架结构为研究对象,选取材料应力—应变关系及破坏原则。建立有限元仿真建筑物住宅实体模型,利用建筑结构动力学分析方法,确定建筑特征参数、结构模态、地震反映谱模型,进行相关筑物砌体和框架结构动力学分析,得出地震作用下两种建筑结构动力学结果。3、针对所调查延边地区砖砌体和钢筋混凝土结构,通过仿真地震波谱动力学分析,从分析结果可知,该地区双层砖砌体建筑结构,不能满足抗震设计防护标准。在结构设计上存在一定不足。针对砖砌体建筑结构所存在问题,进行相应改造设计,使其满足抗震规范相关要求。首先,对延边乡镇砌体结构存在不符合相应规范地方进行描述,其次,研究砌体结构布局上采用合理设计,再次,进行砌体结构屋顶桁架改进设计,最后,对所提出砖砌体改造新结构,实现基于地震波谱动力学分析,验证所提出相应改进措施和设计方案合理性。
[Abstract]:Earthquake is a very harmful natural phenomenon, its occurrence process has randomness and unpredictability, larger earthquake instantaneous release of energy value, will directly cause the collapse of houses and geographical and geomorphologic changes. It has brought great influence to the people's production and life. Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture, Jilin Province, is located in the Pacific Rim seismic belt with the strongest seismicity in the world. Its geological structure is complex, and it is the only deep source earthquake on the mainland of China. Shallow earthquakes and volcanic activities coexist. 13 faults have been identified within the territory. Eleven of them have occurred moderate strong earthquakes or earthquake swarm activities along the fault zone, so it is of great theoretical and practical significance for the investigation of earthquake resistance of houses in towns and villages in Yanbian area, Jilin Province, and the design of houses transformation. On the one hand, it can improve and reform the dilapidated houses of township residents, effectively guarantee the people's production and life, on the other hand, assume that an earthquake will occur, and effectively reduce the material and financial losses of the society by means of house reconstruction design. The main work of this paper is as follows: 1. Sampling field visits and questionnaires were conducted in some towns in Yanji region. The survey areas included three cities and nine towns: Hunchun City in Yanbian Prefecture, Helong City, Longjing City, and Hadamen Town under the jurisdiction of three cities. The town of Jingxin, the town of Matida; Nanping Town, Ancient City Lixiang, Luguo Town; Kaishantun, Sanhe Town, Platinum Town. The general situation of the investigation area is described, and the selection of building materials and the analysis of the characteristics of the building structure are carried out. At the same time, the actual visit and questionnaire are investigated, the data are sorted out and the statistics are made. Second, the mechanism of earthquake damage is mainly caused by driving the ground movement, which makes the building unable to bear the inertia force, which leads to the damage of the building. 2) the seismic failure mechanism is mainly derived from the driving force of the ground, which makes the building unable to bear the inertia force. It has been recognized by many researchers that the dynamic performance and damage of building structure are studied by simulating the seismic wave under earthquake by simulating the building structure modeling through the simulation platform. On the basis of the investigation results of three cities and six towns in Yanbian area, the double-layer masonry and concrete frame structure constructed recently in towns and villages are selected as the research objects, and the stress-strain relationship of materials and the failure principle are selected. The finite element simulation model of residential buildings is established, and the dynamic analysis method of building structure is used to determine the characteristic parameters, structural modes and seismic response spectrum models of buildings, and the dynamic analysis of related building masonry and frame structures is carried out. The dynamic results of two kinds of building structures under earthquake action are obtained. 3. According to the investigation of brick masonry and reinforced concrete structures in Yanbian area, through simulating seismic spectrum dynamics analysis, the results show that the double-layer brick masonry structures in Yanbian area are the two-layer brick masonry structures in this area. Can not meet the anti-seismic design protection standards. There are some deficiencies in structural design. Aiming at the problems existing in brick masonry structure, the corresponding modification design is carried out to make it meet the relevant requirements of seismic code. First of all, it describes the existence of masonry structure in Yanbian township which does not conform to the corresponding specifications. Secondly, the rational design of masonry structure layout is studied, and then, the improved design of masonry structure roof truss is carried out. Finally, the design of masonry structure roof truss is improved. Based on the dynamic analysis of seismic spectrum, the corresponding improvement measures and the rationality of the design scheme are verified for the new structure of brick masonry proposed in this paper.
【学位授予单位】：吉林建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU352.11

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