基于DMSP_OLS灯光数据的1992~2010年中国城市空间扩张研究

发布时间：2019-03-26 15:02

【摘要】：选择1992、2000和2010年的DMSP_OLS灯光数据,改进了基于统计数据提取城镇用地的算法,使用Python语言编程实现3个时期中国城市建成区的提取。利用ArcGIS 10、Visual FoxPro 6.0等软件,选择城市形态紧凑度和城市扩张速度2个指标,分别从城市规模(超大城市、特大城市、大城市、中等城市和小城市)、大区域(东部、中部、西部和东北区)、省级行政区划(省、自治区和直辖市)3个空间尺度分析了城市的空间扩张情况。结果表明:①从城市形态紧凑度来看,同一年份,城市规模越大,城市外部形态紧凑度越小;而中、西部城市平均紧凑度大于东部、东北部。1992~2010年,除大城市和小城市平均紧凑度指数略微变小、基本不变外,其余各等级城市均变大;东部和西部城市平均紧凑度指数变小,而东北和中部变大。②从城市扩张速度来看,同一时间段内,城市规模越大,城市建成区年均扩张速度越大;1992~2010年,东部城市建成区扩张速度最大,东北最小,中、西部次之;其中,北京、重庆、上海、天津扩张速度大,广东、江苏、山东、浙江和福建扩张速度次之,其余省份扩张速度较小;近20 a来,所有等级城市、不同区域城市以及各个省份内城市建成区在加速扩张。
[Abstract]:The DMSP_OLS lighting data of 1992, 2000 and 2010 are selected to improve the algorithm of extracting urban land based on statistical data. The extraction of urban built-up areas in China in three periods is realized by programming in Python language. Using software such as ArcGIS 10, visual FoxPro 6.0,2 indicators of urban form compactness and urban expansion speed are selected, from urban size (megacities, medium cities and small cities), to large areas (east, middle, and middle, respectively) and to large areas (east, middle, middle and small cities), respectively. The spatial expansion of the city is analyzed in three spatial scales: the western and northeast regions, and the provincial administrative divisions (provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government). The results are as follows: (1) from the point of view of urban form compactness, the larger the city size is, the smaller the outer form compactness of the city is in the same year; In the middle of China, the average compactness of western cities is larger than that of eastern cities and northeast cities. In 1992 / 2010, the average compactness index of large cities and small cities decreased slightly and remained basically unchanged, and the other cities of all grades became larger. The average compactness index of eastern and western cities is smaller, while that of northeast and central cities is larger. 2 from the view of urban expansion speed, the larger the city size is, the greater the average annual expansion rate of urban built-up area is in the same period of time. From 1992 to 2010, the speed of urban expansion was the largest in the east, the smallest in the northeast, the second in the west and the second in the west. Among them, Beijing, Chongqing, Shanghai, Tianjin expansion speed is large, Guangdong, Jiangsu, Shandong, Zhejiang and Fujian expansion speed is second, the other provinces expansion speed is smaller; In the past 20 years, all levels of cities, different regional cities and urban built-up areas in various provinces have been expanding at an accelerated pace.
【作者单位】：兰州大学资源环境学院;兰州大学西部环境与气候变化研究院;国家测绘局第一地形测量队;国家测绘局第一大地测量队;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(41171143、40771064) 教育部新世纪优秀人才计划(NCET-07-0398) 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金重点项目(lzujbky-2012-k35)资助
【分类号】：P237;TU984.113

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