既有大空间建筑改建避难所的设计研究
发布时间：2019-04-26 01:54
【摘要】：近年来，频发的地震灾害严重威胁到人们的生命安全及经济财产安全。然而对于这种无法预估的自然灾害，我们唯一能做的就是加强防御措施，防患于未然，在灾难来临的第一时间，做出最积极及时的补救措施，保证人们在灾后的生命及财产安全。因此，灾后避难场所的建设越来越受到人们的重视，对避难场所的要求也越来越严格。对于大多数大中型城市，土地资源紧张，无法提供大空间的场地作为灾后的避难场所，所以将既有大空间建筑改建成避难场所成为了当下一个重要的课题。如何对既有大空间建筑进行加固及改造，使其满足避难场所的规定，为本次研究的重点。 既有大空间体育馆抗震设防烈度为8度(0.2g)，框架抗震等级为一级。根据《防灾避难场所设计规范》的相关要求，避难场所的抗震设防烈度应该提高一度，即9度(0.4g)。当体育馆按照避难场所的要求进行抗震计算时，部分框架柱出现超筋情况，各层最大层间位移角均超限，主要原因是结构的抗侧移刚度不足。本次研究根据大空间建筑的特性及避难场所的特点提出了相应的加固方案。首先，考虑用增大截面法对该体育馆进行加固，对其中的超筋柱、梁进行调整，，使其最终可以满足规范要求。但在调整完成后发现由于修改尺寸过大，在施工方面有很多难以克服的困难，也不符合绿色环保的设计理念，经过大量的数据分析，证明该方法不适于对此建筑进行加固。其次，考虑用钢支撑对该体育馆进行加固，在保证原体育馆侧向刚度沿竖向尽量均匀的条件下，增加柱间工字型交叉支撑是最优的加固方式，能够保证该建筑能够满足《防灾避难场所设计规范》的要求。 本课题以PKPM软件为平台，建立某中学体育馆模型，对加固方案进行实例分析。通过计算，该体育馆网架结构部分可以满足《防灾避难场所设计规范》的相关要求，故本课题在此部分只做简单介绍，本课题将重点分析大空间建筑钢筋混凝土结构部分的加固。
[Abstract]:In recent years, frequent earthquake disasters seriously threaten the safety of people's lives and economic property. However, the only thing we can do about this unpredictably natural disaster is to strengthen our defences, prevent it before it happens, and take the most active and timely remedial measures at the first moment of the disaster. To ensure the safety of people's lives and property in the aftermath of the disaster. Therefore, people pay more and more attention to the construction of post-disaster refuge, and the requirements of asylum are more and more strict. For most large and medium-sized cities, the land resources are too tight to provide a large space as a shelter after the disaster, so it becomes the next important topic to transform the existing large space buildings into shelters. How to strengthen and transform the existing large space buildings to meet the requirements of shelters is the focus of this study. The seismic fortification intensity of the existing large space gymnasium is 8 degrees (0.2 g), and the seismic grade of the frame is first grade. According to the relevant requirements of the Code for the Design of disaster-proof shelters, the earthquake-resistant fortification intensity of the shelters should be increased by one degree, that is, 9 degrees (0.4 g). When the gymnasium carries on the seismic calculation according to the request of the shelter, some frame columns appear superreinforcement, and the maximum displacement angle of each story exceeds the limit. The main reason is that the stiffness of the structure against lateral displacement is insufficient. According to the characteristics of large-space buildings and the characteristics of shelters, the corresponding reinforcement scheme is proposed in this study. First of all, the method of increasing section is considered to strengthen the gymnasium, and the super-reinforced columns and beams are adjusted so that it can meet the requirements of the code at last. However, after the adjustment, it is found that there are many difficulties in construction due to the oversize modification, and it is also not in line with the design concept of green environment protection. Through a lot of data analysis, it is proved that this method is not suitable for strengthening this building. Secondly, the reinforcement of the gymnasium with steel bracing is considered. Under the condition that the lateral stiffness of the original gymnasium is as uniform as possible along the vertical direction, increasing the I-shaped cross bracing between columns is the best way to strengthen the gymnasium. Can ensure that the building can meet the requirements of the disaster shelter design code. This project takes PKPM software as the platform, establishes a middle school gymnasium model, carries on the example analysis to the reinforcement plan. Through calculation, the space structure part of the gymnasium can meet the relevant requirements of the Code of Design for disaster Prevention and Shelter places, so this subject is only briefly introduced in this part. In this paper, the reinforcement of reinforced concrete structure in large space building will be analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：河北联合大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU352.11
本文编号：2465652
[Abstract]:In recent years, frequent earthquake disasters seriously threaten the safety of people's lives and economic property. However, the only thing we can do about this unpredictably natural disaster is to strengthen our defences, prevent it before it happens, and take the most active and timely remedial measures at the first moment of the disaster. To ensure the safety of people's lives and property in the aftermath of the disaster. Therefore, people pay more and more attention to the construction of post-disaster refuge, and the requirements of asylum are more and more strict. For most large and medium-sized cities, the land resources are too tight to provide a large space as a shelter after the disaster, so it becomes the next important topic to transform the existing large space buildings into shelters. How to strengthen and transform the existing large space buildings to meet the requirements of shelters is the focus of this study. The seismic fortification intensity of the existing large space gymnasium is 8 degrees (0.2 g), and the seismic grade of the frame is first grade. According to the relevant requirements of the Code for the Design of disaster-proof shelters, the earthquake-resistant fortification intensity of the shelters should be increased by one degree, that is, 9 degrees (0.4 g). When the gymnasium carries on the seismic calculation according to the request of the shelter, some frame columns appear superreinforcement, and the maximum displacement angle of each story exceeds the limit. The main reason is that the stiffness of the structure against lateral displacement is insufficient. According to the characteristics of large-space buildings and the characteristics of shelters, the corresponding reinforcement scheme is proposed in this study. First of all, the method of increasing section is considered to strengthen the gymnasium, and the super-reinforced columns and beams are adjusted so that it can meet the requirements of the code at last. However, after the adjustment, it is found that there are many difficulties in construction due to the oversize modification, and it is also not in line with the design concept of green environment protection. Through a lot of data analysis, it is proved that this method is not suitable for strengthening this building. Secondly, the reinforcement of the gymnasium with steel bracing is considered. Under the condition that the lateral stiffness of the original gymnasium is as uniform as possible along the vertical direction, increasing the I-shaped cross bracing between columns is the best way to strengthen the gymnasium. Can ensure that the building can meet the requirements of the disaster shelter design code. This project takes PKPM software as the platform, establishes a middle school gymnasium model, carries on the example analysis to the reinforcement plan. Through calculation, the space structure part of the gymnasium can meet the relevant requirements of the Code of Design for disaster Prevention and Shelter places, so this subject is only briefly introduced in this part. In this paper, the reinforcement of reinforced concrete structure in large space building will be analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：河北联合大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU352.11
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