闽南地区养老设施在应急状态下的疏散设计研究

发布时间：2019-05-16 17:03

【摘要】：随着我国老龄人口的增加，闽南地区老年人口数量位居全国前列，越来越多的老年人选择进入养老设施来度过其晚年生活。人到老年，身体会出现各种病症，导致在应急状态下不能像普通人一样进行安全疏散，成为灾害中的最大受害人群。因此，对闽南地区养老设施在应急状态下的疏散设计研究具有一定的现实意义，以确保养老设施为老年人提供一个安全、可靠、便捷、有生命保障的养老生活环境。本文参考老年心理学、人体工程学、行为学、消防科学等以及国内外相关文献的研究方法，基于老年人特殊的心理、生理特点，以老年人在应急状态下出现的行为反应模式切入点，掌握不同空间布局与交通组织方式形成的不同的疏散组织方。从老年人的安全疏散现状、疏散结构的组成以及其使用现状和疏散流线的设计与使用现状上分析养老设施安全疏散现状以及其存在的主要问题，根据影响老年人安全疏散的主要因素以及老年人在应急状态下出现的异常反应，结合实地调研，从疏散流线、疏散口部、疏散节点、备用疏散通道、避难层、避难间以及疏散辅助设施设备等方面来探讨养老设施的安全疏散设计和避难设计，，提出合理的解决策略和方法，为老年人提供安全有效的疏散流线以及避难空间以保证其在应急状态下的生命安全。最后，根据不同层高类型的养老设施，分别针对不同健康状况的老年人进行计算机模拟疏散现状，老年人在应急状态下的实际逃生路径以及老年人的疏散时间进行追踪，确定不同层高类型的安全疏散时间以及根据文中所提出的设计策略，从而总结出不同层高类型（多层、一类高层、二类高层）养老设施的不同解决办法。
[Abstract]:With the increase of the aged population in China, the number of elderly people in the south of Fujian is in the forefront of the country, and more and more old people choose to enter the old-age facilities for their later life. In the old age, the body will have various conditions, which can lead to the safety evacuation in the emergency state as the ordinary people, and become the largest victim group in the disaster. Therefore, it is of practical significance to study the evacuation design of the old-age facilities in the south of Fujian in the emergency state, so as to ensure that the old-age facilities provide a safe, reliable, convenient and life-guaranteed old-age living environment for the elderly. This paper is based on the old-age psychology, the human engineering, the behavior, the fire-fighting science and so on, as well as the research methods of the relevant literature at home and abroad, based on the special psychological and physiological characteristics of the old people, to cut the behavior reaction pattern of the old people in the emergency state Point to master the different evacuation organizations formed by the different spatial layout and the way of traffic organization On the basis of the present situation of the safe evacuation of the elderly, the composition of the evacuation structure and the current situation of its use and the current situation of the evacuation, the present situation of the safety and evacuation of the old-age facilities and its main questions are analyzed. Question: According to the main factors that affect the safety and evacuation of the elderly and the abnormal reaction of the elderly in the emergency state, according to the field investigation, the evacuation flow line, the evacuation port, the evacuation node, the standby evacuation channel and the refuge are taken in combination with the field investigation. The safety evacuation design and the evacuation design of the old-age facilities are discussed in such aspects as the layer, the refuge room and the evacuation aid facilities, and the reasonable solution strategies and methods are put forward, and the safe and effective evacuation flow line and the refuge space are provided for the elderly to ensure the life safety of the elderly in the emergency condition. and finally, according to the old-age facilities of different height types, the present situation of computer simulation and evacuation of the old people with different health conditions is carried out respectively, the actual escape route of the old people in the emergency state and the evacuation time of the old people are carried out The safe evacuation time of different storey height types and the design strategy proposed in the paper are determined, and different solutions for the old-age facilities of different storey height types (multi-level, high-rise and second-class high-rise) are summarized.
【学位授予单位】：华侨大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU984.116

【参考文献】