渤海上京城宫城主要建筑群复原研究
发布时间：2019-06-06 02:29
【摘要】：渤海建筑文化是中国古代建筑文化的重要组成部分,在整个东北古代建筑文化中起着承前启后的作用。同时,由于特殊的地理位置关系,在当时整个东北亚建筑文化的传播过程中更起着桥梁作用。对于渤海建筑文化进行全面而细致的研究,不仅可以填补中国古代建筑史有关东北地域建筑史的空白,更可以全面了解中国古代少数民族建筑史。近一个世纪以来,随着对渤海城市建筑遗址不断深入的考古发掘研究,渤海城市建筑文化逐渐呈现展现出来。渤海上京城是渤海国的主要都城之一,作为都城的时间约占整个渤海国存在时间的三分之一,代表了渤海城市建筑文化的最高水平。也是目前为止,渤海国都城遗址保存最为完整的一个。本文以上京城宫城遗址为研究对象,在实地勘察的基础上,结合现有的考古发掘报告以及历史文献资料,采用对比研究的方法。将渤海上京城遗址的研究划定在东北亚建筑文化圈背景下,并与同时期的唐代、日本、朝鲜半岛的宫城建筑,以及与其相近的高句丽和辽代宫城建筑进行了横向和纵向的比较研究,从而更为客观的解读渤海建筑文化的地域性特质。本文主要探究了渤海建筑文化特质,重点揭示了渤海建筑文化的构成因子,即唐代建筑文化的主导性,高句丽建筑文化的兼容性,以及梲棬建筑文化的传承性。并且结合考古发掘资料,对于渤海建筑遗址体现的一些地域性语汇进行了详细的解读,主要包括特殊形态语汇、构造做法语汇,以及材料构件语汇。论文揭示了渤海城市与建筑的基本形制特征。涵盖了渤海上京城都城结构布局,宫殿区平面布局与空间结构划分,宫殿建筑群平面组合结构,园林布局形态与景观构成要素,城防体系。以及主要建筑遗址所反映的建筑形制特征,包括宫城中区中轴线上的五座宫殿建筑群、主要城门建筑以及园林建筑。在此基础上,对宫城中区的主要建筑群进行了复原研究。主要包括宫城中区中轴线上的五座宫殿建筑群,宫城正南门、皇城正南门,以及宫城内的较为完整的东内苑遗址。并按照古建筑上分、中分、下分的复原研究顺序,重点讨论了建筑的台基、踏道、勾栏的构造做法、采用的木构架体系类型、屋顶的形式和组合方式等几个方面的内容,力求全面展示渤海上京城当时的建筑形态和建筑规模,宫城主要建筑群的全貌。并且最终以图纸的形式呈现出来。
[Abstract]:Bohai architectural culture is an important part of ancient Chinese architectural culture, which plays an important role in the ancient architectural culture of Northeast China. At the same time, because of the special geographical position relationship, it played a more role as a bridge in the process of spreading the architectural culture in Northeast Asia at that time. A comprehensive and detailed study of the architectural culture of the Bohai Sea can not only fill the gap in the history of ancient Chinese architecture about the regional architectural history of Northeast China, but also fully understand the architectural history of ethnic minorities in ancient China. In the past century, with the in-depth study of archaeological excavations of urban architectural sites in Bohai Sea, the urban architectural culture of Bohai Sea has gradually emerged. The upper capital of Bohai Sea is one of the main capitals of Bohai Sea. As the capital, it accounts for about 1/3 of the existence time of the whole Bohai Sea, which represents the highest level of urban architectural culture in Bohai Sea. Also so far, Bohai National Capital site preservation of the most complete one. On the basis of field investigation, combined with the existing archaeological excavation reports and historical literature, this paper adopts the method of comparative study. The study of the site of the Upper Capital in the Bohai Sea is designated under the background of the architectural and cultural circle of Northeast Asia, and with the palace architecture of the Tang Dynasty, Japan and the Korean Peninsula in the same period. And the similar Koguryo and Liao Dynasty Gongcheng architecture made a horizontal and vertical comparative study, so as to more objective interpretation of the regional characteristics of Bohai architectural culture. This paper mainly explores the characteristics of architectural culture in Bohai Sea, focusing on the constituent factors of architectural culture in Bohai Sea, that is, the dominance of architectural culture in Tang Dynasty, the compatibility of Koguryo architectural culture, and the inheritance of architectural culture. Combined with archaeological excavations, some regional vocabulary embodied in Bohai architectural sites are interpreted in detail, including special form vocabulary, structural practice vocabulary, and material component vocabulary. This paper reveals the basic shape characteristics of cities and buildings in Bohai Sea. It covers the layout of the capital structure of the upper capital of Bohai Sea, the division of the plane layout and spatial structure of the palace area, the plane combination structure of the palace complex, the layout form and landscape elements of the garden, and the urban defense system. And the architectural features reflected by the main architectural sites, including the five palace buildings on the central axis of Miyagi, the main gate buildings and garden buildings. On this basis, the restoration of the main buildings in Miyagi Central District is studied. It mainly includes five palace buildings on the central axis of Miyagi, the south gate of palace city, the south gate of imperial city, and the more complete Dongneyuan site in palace city. According to the restoration research order of the upper, middle and lower parts of the ancient architecture, this paper focuses on the construction methods of the platform foundation, the treadmill and the hook bar of the building, the types of wood frame system adopted, the form and combination mode of the roof, and so on. Try to fully display the architectural form and scale of the upper capital of Bohai Sea at that time, and the whole picture of the main buildings of Miyagi. And finally presented in the form of drawings.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU-092
本文编号：2494002
[Abstract]:Bohai architectural culture is an important part of ancient Chinese architectural culture, which plays an important role in the ancient architectural culture of Northeast China. At the same time, because of the special geographical position relationship, it played a more role as a bridge in the process of spreading the architectural culture in Northeast Asia at that time. A comprehensive and detailed study of the architectural culture of the Bohai Sea can not only fill the gap in the history of ancient Chinese architecture about the regional architectural history of Northeast China, but also fully understand the architectural history of ethnic minorities in ancient China. In the past century, with the in-depth study of archaeological excavations of urban architectural sites in Bohai Sea, the urban architectural culture of Bohai Sea has gradually emerged. The upper capital of Bohai Sea is one of the main capitals of Bohai Sea. As the capital, it accounts for about 1/3 of the existence time of the whole Bohai Sea, which represents the highest level of urban architectural culture in Bohai Sea. Also so far, Bohai National Capital site preservation of the most complete one. On the basis of field investigation, combined with the existing archaeological excavation reports and historical literature, this paper adopts the method of comparative study. The study of the site of the Upper Capital in the Bohai Sea is designated under the background of the architectural and cultural circle of Northeast Asia, and with the palace architecture of the Tang Dynasty, Japan and the Korean Peninsula in the same period. And the similar Koguryo and Liao Dynasty Gongcheng architecture made a horizontal and vertical comparative study, so as to more objective interpretation of the regional characteristics of Bohai architectural culture. This paper mainly explores the characteristics of architectural culture in Bohai Sea, focusing on the constituent factors of architectural culture in Bohai Sea, that is, the dominance of architectural culture in Tang Dynasty, the compatibility of Koguryo architectural culture, and the inheritance of architectural culture. Combined with archaeological excavations, some regional vocabulary embodied in Bohai architectural sites are interpreted in detail, including special form vocabulary, structural practice vocabulary, and material component vocabulary. This paper reveals the basic shape characteristics of cities and buildings in Bohai Sea. It covers the layout of the capital structure of the upper capital of Bohai Sea, the division of the plane layout and spatial structure of the palace area, the plane combination structure of the palace complex, the layout form and landscape elements of the garden, and the urban defense system. And the architectural features reflected by the main architectural sites, including the five palace buildings on the central axis of Miyagi, the main gate buildings and garden buildings. On this basis, the restoration of the main buildings in Miyagi Central District is studied. It mainly includes five palace buildings on the central axis of Miyagi, the south gate of palace city, the south gate of imperial city, and the more complete Dongneyuan site in palace city. According to the restoration research order of the upper, middle and lower parts of the ancient architecture, this paper focuses on the construction methods of the platform foundation, the treadmill and the hook bar of the building, the types of wood frame system adopted, the form and combination mode of the roof, and so on. Try to fully display the architectural form and scale of the upper capital of Bohai Sea at that time, and the whole picture of the main buildings of Miyagi. And finally presented in the form of drawings.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU-092
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