疗养与关怀—城镇低成本益康园林设计探究

发布时间：2019-06-20 03:34

【摘要】：当前，我国进入了全面建成小康社会的决定性阶段，也处于城镇化深入发展的关键时期，中小城市和小城镇是未来建设的重点领域。仇保兴副部长的讲话中曾提到现在进城人口的50%要靠小城镇吸纳，将来在城镇化结束后农业人口25%～30%要靠小城镇转化，继续为现代农业、可持续农业服务。与此同时，要加强小城镇基础设施建设和环境保护。在风景园林专业领域，也要探索与小城镇社会形态相适应的规划设计思路。残疾人是社会中主要的弱势群体，对他们的关怀是社会和谐发展的重要基础，体现了社会的公平。残疾人的康复与疗养将成为一个重要的社会问题，建造康复疗养中心将是解决此问题的一种途径。康复疗养中心里的益康园林对康复疗效的提升和完善有重要的作用。过去，针对康复中心的园林营造已开展了不少研究，但针对小城镇内服务于残疾人群的益康园林设计研究却鲜见报道。随着中小城市和小城镇建设和发展，以及小城镇内残疾人休养和康复基地的建造，探讨与之适应的益康园林设计就显得非常必要。当前，除了经济发达的东部地区城市与省会等大城市对于城市康复中心有较充足的财政预算外，其余城市及其所辖财政经费中用于康复中心建设的费用都比较有限。而且，有限的经费往往优先用于康复中心的建筑、人员配置、基础设施等，对于见效较慢、后期维护投入较高且无经济效益产生的园林环境建设经常处于一再缩减经费或者延后发展的状况。因此，建设特征为“低废弃、低干预、低建造与低冲击”的低成本益康园林成为中小城市和小城镇残疾人康复中心景观的必然选择。本论文通过对益康园林与低成本园林的基础理论研究入手，阐述总结了益康、益康园林、低成本园林的相关概念，研究国内外文件综述，分析国内外先进案例，总结出低成本益康园林的设计原则为以人为本原则、因地制宜原则、生态节能原则、可操作性原则。总结出设计策略的设计前提、环境营造策略、康复营造策略、心理营造策略，低成本营造策略。运用这些指导设计原则及策略进行了河北省邯郸市肥乡县残疾人疗养中心的益康园林设计。在设计过程中注重贯彻使用周期的全过程，并运用合理的资金和资源消耗，，以实现综合效益的最大化，并对整个过程进行成本控制。这一设计具有一定的现实指导意义，为低成本益康园林的推广提供了案例。
[Abstract]:At present, China has entered the decisive stage of building a well-off society in an all-round way, and is also in a critical period of in-depth development of urbanization. Small and medium-sized cities and small towns are the key areas of future construction. In his speech, Vice Minister Qiu Baoxing mentioned that 50 percent of the population entering the city should now be absorbed by small towns, and that in the future, 25 percent of the agricultural population will have to rely on the transformation of small towns after urbanization to continue to serve modern agriculture and sustainable agriculture. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the infrastructure construction and environmental protection of small towns. In the field of landscape architecture, we should also explore the planning and design ideas suitable for the social form of small towns. Disabled people are the main vulnerable groups in society, and their care for them is an important basis for the harmonious development of society, which embodies the fairness of society. The rehabilitation and recuperation of the disabled will become an important social problem, and the construction of rehabilitation and recuperation center will be a way to solve this problem. The Yikang garden in the rehabilitation recuperation center plays an important role in the improvement and perfection of the rehabilitation effect. In the past, a lot of research has been carried out on the garden construction of rehabilitation centers, but there are few reports on the design of Yikang gardens for the disabled in small towns. With the construction and development of small and medium-sized cities and small towns, as well as the construction of rest and rehabilitation bases for the disabled in small towns, it is very necessary to explore the suitable Yikang garden design. At present, in addition to the economically developed eastern cities and provincial capitals and other major cities have a more adequate budget for urban rehabilitation centers, the rest of the cities and their financial funds for the construction of rehabilitation centers are relatively limited. Moreover, the limited funds are often given priority to the construction, staffing, infrastructure and so on of rehabilitation centers. The garden environment construction, which has slow effect, high maintenance investment and no economic benefits, is often in the condition of repeatedly reducing funds or delaying development. Therefore, the low cost Yikang garden characterized by "low abandonment, low intervention, low construction and low impact" has become the inevitable choice of rehabilitation center landscape for the disabled in small and medium-sized cities and small towns. Through the research on the basic theory of Yikang garden and low-cost garden, this paper expounds and summarizes the related concepts of Yikang garden, Yikang garden and low-cost garden, summarizes the documents at home and abroad, analyzes the advanced cases at home and abroad, and sums up the design principle of low-cost Yikang garden as the people-oriented principle, the principle of adapting measures to local conditions, the principle of ecological energy saving and the principle of maneuverability. The design premise, environment construction strategy, rehabilitation construction strategy, psychological construction strategy and low cost construction strategy of the design strategy are summarized. Based on these guiding design principles and strategies, the Yikang garden design of the recuperation center for the disabled in Feixiang County, Handan City, Hebei Province was carried out. In the design process, we should pay attention to the whole process of the service cycle, and use reasonable capital and resource consumption in order to maximize the comprehensive benefit and control the cost of the whole process. This design has certain practical guiding significance and provides a case for the promotion of low-cost Yikang garden.
【学位授予单位】：河南农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU986

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