燃气调压站自动化监控系统研究

发布时间：2019-06-25 20:53

【摘要】：随着社会的快速发展,天然气作为一种高效、清洁的能源,是继煤炭、石油之后第三大天然能源,现已进入生活中的各个领域。天然气需要经过多级调压后,才能供用户使用。燃气调压站是其中一个调压环节,在燃气调压系统中起着重要的作用。燃气调压站自动化水平,已经成为城市燃气行业现代化的重要标志。所以,建立燃气调压站自动化监控系统,实现调压站的自动运行,对燃气行业的发展具有十分重要的意义。结合行业背景,本文对燃气调压站自动化监控系统进行了如下研究。首先,对四川省乐至县城某燃气调压站的现状进行调研分析,结合当前先进技术,对其进行技术改进和系统升级,采用现场仪器+西门子PLC+PC机的总体控制方案。该方案是以PLC为控制核心,以变送器(压力变送器、温度变送器)为检测元件,以电磁阀、气动调压阀为执行结构,以WINCC为监控界面组成的燃气调压站监控系统。其中电磁阀起开、关作用,调压阀起压力的调节作用。为了使方案能够具体实施,需选择性价比较高的现场仪器,包括变送器、电磁阀、调压阀等。针对气压控制的难点,采用基于参数自整定的模糊PID控制策略,并设计模糊PID控制器。在建立被控对象数学模型的基础上,对整个压力控制系统进行的仿真结果表明,采用模糊PID控制对阀后压力起到更好的降压、稳压作用。最后,设计调压站监控系统,其中包括监控系统硬件设计和软件设计(PLC控制程序设计、上位机界面设计)。利用OPC技术,实现MATLAB与PLC的数据交换,把设计的模糊PID控制器有效运用到PLC中。通过系统调试,最终实现对燃气调压站的实时监控。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of society, natural gas, as an efficient and clean energy, is the third largest natural energy after coal and oil, and has entered various fields of life. Natural gas needs to go through multi-stage pressure regulation before it can be used by users. Gas pressure regulating station is one of the pressure regulating links, which plays an important role in gas pressure regulating system. The automation level of gas voltage regulating station has become an important symbol of the modernization of urban gas industry. Therefore, it is of great significance for the development of gas industry to establish automatic monitoring system of gas voltage regulating station and realize the automatic operation of voltage regulating station. Combined with the background of the industry, the automatic monitoring system of gas voltage regulating station is studied as follows. First of all, the present situation of a gas voltage regulating station in Lezhi County, Sichuan Province is investigated and analyzed, combined with the current advanced technology, the technical improvement and system upgrade are carried out, and the overall control scheme of Siemens PLC PC is adopted. The scheme is a gas pressure regulating station monitoring system composed of PLC as the control core, pressure transmitter (pressure transmitter, temperature transmitter) as the detection element, solenoid valve, pneumatic pressure regulating valve as the executive structure and WINCC as the monitoring interface. Among them, the solenoid valve plays the role of opening and closing, and the pressure regulating valve plays the role of pressure regulation. In order to implement the scheme, it is necessary to select the field instruments with high performance and price, including transmitter, solenoid valve, pressure regulating valve and so on. Aiming at the difficulty of air pressure control, the fuzzy PID control strategy based on parameter self-tuning is adopted, and the fuzzy PID controller is designed. On the basis of establishing the mathematical model of the controlled object, the simulation results of the whole pressure control system show that the fuzzy PID control plays a better role in reducing pressure and stabilizing the pressure behind the valve. Finally, the monitoring system of the voltage regulating station is designed, including the hardware design and software design of the monitoring system (PLC control program design, upper computer interface design). The data exchange between MATLAB and PLC is realized by using OPC technology, and the designed fuzzy PID controller is effectively applied to PLC. Through the system debugging, the real-time monitoring of the gas voltage regulating station is finally realized.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU996;TP277

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