污染场地健康风险评价的理论和方法

发布时间：2018-02-22 09:11

本文关键词： 污染场地健康风险评价理论方法评价体系叠加风险多暴露途径同种污染物累计健康风险　出处：《地学前缘》2006年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：综合国外研究进展介绍了污染场地健康风险评价的基础理论和评价方法,基础理论主要从人体摄取污染物质的方式和机制以及污染物摄取剂量和人体健康效应的关系两方面开展讨论。评价方法从数据收集、暴露评估、毒性评估和风险表征4方面进行探讨。在此基础上,对评价方法进行了探讨,提出了“叠加风险”和“多暴露途径同种污染物累计健康风险”的概念和计算方法,分析了中国开展污染场地健康风险评价的相关问题,指出构建中国污染场地健康风险评价体系应从制定法律入手,以典型污染场地风险评价为试点,逐渐建立和完善风险评价指南和技术细则,最终完成包括法律法规、评价指南和技术细则等在内的污染场地健康风险评价体系的建立。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the basic theories and methods of health risk assessment of polluted sites are introduced. The basic theory is mainly discussed from two aspects: the way and mechanism of intake of pollutants by human body and the relationship between the intake dose of pollutants and the effect of human health. Four aspects of toxicity assessment and risk characterization were discussed. On the basis of this, the evaluation methods were discussed, and the concepts and calculation methods of "superposition risk" and "cumulative health risk of the same pollutant with multiple exposure routes" were put forward. This paper analyzes on the problems related to the health risk assessment of contaminated sites in China, and points out that the construction of health risk assessment system for contaminated sites in China should start with the formulation of laws and take the risk assessment of typical contaminated sites as a pilot project. Gradually establish and improve the risk assessment guidelines and technical rules, and finally complete the establishment of health risk assessment system including laws and regulations, evaluation guidelines and technical rules, etc.
【作者单位】：中国地质大学(北京)水资源与环境工程北京市重点实验室中国地质大学(北京)水资源与环境工程北京市重点实验室中国地质大学(北京)水资源与环境工程北京市重点实验室中国地质大学(北京)水资源与环境工程北京市重点实验室中国地质大学(北京)水资源与环境工程北京市重点实验室中国地质大学(北京)水资源与环境工程北京市重点实验室中国地质大学(北京)水资源与环境工程北京市重点实验室
【基金】：国家重大基础研究“973”计划资助项目(1999045706) 国家自然科学基金资助项目(40372109)
【分类号】：X820.4

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