轻量级Web服务器Nginx的研究与优化

发布时间：2018-04-10 04:29

本文选题：Web服务器　切入点：Nginx　出处：《南京邮电大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：当今时代,互联网和网络应用已经和人类的生产生活密不可分,而且随着各种终端设备变得相对廉价,网络的使用更为广泛。如今多数Web服务器系统都需要应对数以百万计的用户访问,庞大的并发访问量对服务器的性能造成了巨大的压力。服务器集群技术以及负载均衡技术的产生为应对此问题带来了非常高效的解决途径。服务器集群技术使原本独立的多个计算机联合工作,达到大型服务器的效果,并用利用负载均衡技术能够进一步提升集群性能。相较于传统的Apache服务器,Nginx在性能方面具有占用内存少,稳定性高等优势,而且Nginx具有非常强大的抗并发能力,可以满足巨大访问量的并发请求。另外Nginx服务器在反向代理及负载均衡方面具有明显的优势,因此研究Nginx运行机制与负载均衡策略具有重要意义。本文研究了服务器集群性能在高并发访问环境下的变化,介绍了负载均衡中的关键技术。文章主要对轻量级Web服务器Nginx的架构、高效的资源使用方式以及负载均衡实现进行深入分析。通过研究Nginx负载均衡的加权轮询算法的原理和实现过程,实现了一种基于后端服务器实时负载信息和响应时间情况的动态反馈负载均衡算法,并针对性的提出对服务器配置和内核的优化方法。最后通过系统测试方法,对不同算法下的Nginx服务器性能进行测试,论证改进算法在抗并发能力及整体性能上的优势。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, the Internet and network applications are closely related to the production and life of human beings, and with the various terminal devices becoming relatively cheap, the use of the network is becoming more and more extensive.Today, most Web server systems need to deal with millions of users, the huge number of concurrent visits to the server has caused great pressure on the performance of the server.The emergence of server cluster technology and load balancing technology brings a very efficient solution to this problem.The server cluster technology enables the original independent multiple computers to work together to achieve the effect of large servers, and the use of load balancing technology can further improve the performance of the cluster.Compared with the traditional Apache server, Nginx has the advantages of less memory and higher stability in performance, and Nginx has a very powerful ability to resist concurrency, which can satisfy the large number of concurrent requests.In addition, Nginx server has obvious advantages in reverse proxy and load balancing, so it is of great significance to study the running mechanism and load balancing strategy of Nginx.This paper studies the change of server cluster performance in high concurrent access environment, and introduces the key technology of load balancing.This paper analyzes the Nginx architecture, efficient resource usage and load balancing of lightweight Web server.A dynamic feedback load balancing algorithm based on real-time load information and response time of back-end servers is implemented by studying the principle and implementation process of weighted polling algorithm for Nginx load balancing.And puts forward the optimization method of server configuration and kernel.Finally, the performance of Nginx server under different algorithms is tested by the system test method, and the superiority of the improved algorithm in anti-concurrency ability and overall performance is demonstrated.
【学位授予单位】：南京邮电大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP393.05

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