基于千兆以太网的紫外成像光谱关键技术研究

发布时间：2018-04-22 08:47

本文选题：紫外成像光谱仪 + 紫外光栅　；参考：《中国科学院研究生院（上海技术物理研究所）》2014年博士论文

【摘要】：成像光谱仪是当前遥感技术的重要研究领域，成像光谱仪能够获得连续的光谱图像数据，其高光谱分辨率有利于地物目标的特征分析，提高了遥感的定量化水平。紫外探测技术是继可见和红外探测技术之后又一项重要的新型光电探测技术。根据不同目标的紫外光谱辐射特性需求，紫外遥感探测在大气环境监测、臭氧监测、海洋溢油遥感、闪电灾害天气预报等方面，逐渐延伸到了电晕监测等工业生产等许多领域，具有十分重要的应用研究价值。本文以基于小型化推扫式紫外成像光谱仪为研究目标，在国内外紫外光谱仪发展现状研究的基础上，通过对紫外成像光谱仪总体技术和关键技术进行分析研究，采用紫外光栅分光组件、高灵敏度紫外增强型背照式面阵CCD探测器构建了小型化高灵敏度紫外成像光谱仪。考虑到紫外增强型背照式面阵CCD探测器在光谱采集过程中需要将全帧数据上传，对数据传输的速度和现场传输距离有较高的要求，因此研究并实现了基于FPGA的千兆以太网实现方案，并完成了系统原理样机的研制，包括电子学软硬件系统、机械装配、光学装样，并对样机进行了系统性能测试和外景实验。最后对课题研究过程中存在的问题做了总结和分析。本文研制的紫外成像光谱仪波段范围为290nm～408nm，能够工作在全光谱的光谱仪模式以及光谱合并的多通道模式，能够根据应用需求对通道带宽进行编程配置；采用千兆以太网的传输总线，解决了高速大容量数据远距离传输的问题，为今后进一步研究积累了经验。论文的创新点表现在以下几点： 1）在紫外遥感探测应用需求分析的基础上，提出了采用“紫外光栅分光组件、高灵敏度紫外增强型面阵CCD探测器、千兆以太网数据传输技术”为核心的紫外成像光谱仪总体方案，通过紫外光谱灵敏度分析和搭建试验系统，论证了采用该系统方案实现紫外光谱探测的可行性。 2）通过研究高灵敏度紫外增强型背照式面阵CCD探测器的特性，采用探测器噪声抑制技术、片内可编程技术以及多次帧转移技术等，并结合紫外光栅分光组件，进一步验证了方案的可行性，获得了如下主要性能参数：在290nm~408nm设计了7个探测波段，实现的光谱带宽8nm~30nm，光谱分辨率为0.24nm，灵敏度在一个太阳常数下达到了400以上（角分辨率0.18mrad，积分时间12.7ms），，紫外通道MTF达到0.2以上。 3）通过采用基于FPGA实现千兆以太网的硬件和软件技术，系统能够实现200Mbps以上、传输距离15米以上的数据传输，接口灵活方便，更加适用于光谱测量以及推扫成像过程中成像系统大量数据的上传，为紫外成像光谱仪进行现场数据获取提供了良好的解决方案。
[Abstract]:Imaging spectrometer is an important research field of remote sensing technology at present. Imaging spectrometer can obtain continuous spectral image data. Its hyperspectral resolution is beneficial to the feature analysis of ground object and improves the quantitative level of remote sensing. Ultraviolet detection technology is another important photoelectric detection technology after visible and infrared detection technology. According to the requirements of ultraviolet spectrum radiation characteristics of different targets, UV remote sensing has gradually extended to many fields, such as corona monitoring and other industrial production fields, in the fields of atmospheric environment monitoring, ozone monitoring, ocean oil spill remote sensing, lightning disaster weather prediction, and so on. It has very important application research value. In this paper, the research goal is based on the miniaturization push-sweep ultraviolet imaging spectrometer. Based on the research of the present situation of the ultraviolet spectrometer at home and abroad, the overall technology and key technology of the ultraviolet imaging spectrometer are analyzed and studied. A miniaturized high sensitivity ultraviolet imaging spectrometer was constructed by using ultraviolet grating spectrometer and high sensitivity ultraviolet enhanced backlight array CCD detector. Considering the need to upload the whole frame data in the process of spectrum acquisition by ultraviolet enhanced backlight array CCD detector, there is a high requirement for the speed of data transmission and the transmission distance in the field, So the realization scheme of Gigabit Ethernet based on FPGA is studied and realized, and the prototype of the system principle is developed, including the hardware and software system of electronics, mechanical assembly, optical sample, and the system performance test and the field experiment of the prototype. Finally, the problems in the research process are summarized and analyzed. The ultraviolet imaging spectrometer developed in this paper has a wavelength range of 290 nm ~ 408nm, which can work in the spectrometer mode of full spectrum and multichannel mode of spectrum combination, and can be programmed to configure the channel bandwidth according to the application requirements. By using the transmission bus of gigabit Ethernet, the problem of high speed and large capacity data long-distance transmission is solved, and the experience is accumulated for further research. The innovative points of the thesis are as follows: 1) on the basis of requirement analysis of ultraviolet remote sensing application, a high sensitivity ultraviolet enhanced array CCD detector is proposed. The overall scheme of ultraviolet imaging spectrometer based on gigabit Ethernet data transmission technology is discussed. The feasibility of using this scheme to realize ultraviolet spectrum detection is demonstrated by analyzing the sensitivity of ultraviolet spectrum and setting up an experimental system. 2) by studying the characteristics of high sensitivity UV-enhanced backlight array CCD detector, using detector noise suppression technology, in-chip programmable technology and multi-frame transfer technology, and combining with ultraviolet grating light splitting module, etc. The feasibility of the scheme is further verified and the main performance parameters are obtained as follows: 7 detection bands are designed in 290nm~408nm. The spectral bandwidth is 8 nm ~ 30 nm, the spectral resolution is 0.24 nm, the sensitivity is above 400 (angular resolution 0.18 mrad), the integral time is 12.7 Ms ~ (-1) and the UV channel MTF is more than 0.20 at a solar constant. 3) by adopting the hardware and software technology of gigabit Ethernet based on FPGA, the system can realize the data transmission above 200Mbps and the distance of 15 meters, and the interface is flexible and convenient. It is more suitable for spectral measurement and the uploading of a large amount of data in the imaging system in the process of push-scan imaging, which provides a good solution for the field data acquisition of the ultraviolet imaging spectrometer.
【学位授予单位】：中国科学院研究生院（上海技术物理研究所）
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TP393.11;TH744.1

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