信息中心网络的服务提供机制和优化研究

发布时间：2018-05-03 14:56

本文选题：信息中心网络 + 内容中心网络　；参考：《北京邮电大学》2017年博士论文

【摘要】：互联网从上个世纪诞生之初到现在,已经发展成为信息社会的基础设施之一。随着云计算、物联网、移动计算等技术的发展成熟,互联网已渗透到经济、军事、科技、新闻、教育等各个领域。以中国为例,中国互联网络发展状况统计报告显示截至2016年12月份,互联网用户数量已达到7.31亿,相比2005年的用户数激增近7倍。同时,信息需求的多样化也随之增强,相应带来对网络的不同需求,网络从最初的数据传输已经变成集传输、存储、运算为一体的信息基础设施平台。因此,以IP为核心,以信息传输为目的的TCP/IP互联网体系结构越来越难以适应服务发展的需求,而补丁式技术如内容分发网络CDN使得TCP/IP网络变得越来越复杂,很难从根本上解决扩展性、动态性、安全性等诸多问题。近年来,研究人员提出了信息中心网络(Information-Centric Networking简称为ICN)这个全新的未来网络体系架构。ICN具有数据标识、网内缓存、良好的移动性等特征,利用与地址无关的数据标识进行路由通信,这种内容和地址解耦的通信范式非常适合视频分发等主流应用、以及蓬勃发展的新型移动应用如物联网、车联网等。服务是互联网价值的最根本体现,如何在全新的网络体系架构上实现高效的服务提供将是ICN能否大规模实用化部署的关键。目前,Web是互联网的基础服务,而视频服务则是互联网带宽的主要消费者。因此,本文将针对这两类具体的服务开展研究工作,主要贡献包括以下三个方面:(1)针对ICN中的Web服务提供问题,本文基于开源的内容中心网络(Content-Centric Networking 简称为 CCN)协议栈 CCNx 和开源的Tomcat程序包,提出并实现了面向ICN的Web服务容器CCNxTomcat。CCNxTomcat可以同时运行在TCP/IP网络和ICN之上,支持网络演进过程中服务的平滑迁移。与现有的技术相比,CCNxTomcat可以支持更高的并发用户、以及更低的访问延迟。同时,我们也将CCNxTomcat部署在校园网的ICN测试平台之上,用户可以通过浏览器访问ICN中的Web应用,这对于ICN的实用化推广具有重要的意义。(2)针对ICN Web服务器的性能问题,提出并实现了面向ICN的Web服务器动态请求缓存ccncache。ccncache由计数布隆过滤器、字典树、以及跳跃链表组成,是一种低延迟,高并发的ICN数据包缓存。我们将ccncache集成在CCNxTomcat之中,并将之部署在校园网的测试环境中。通过实验数据显示,ccncache相比现有的缓存技术,其查询时间减少了 2.5倍。(3)针对ICN动态自适应流媒体的用户体验问题,提出了 ICN无线网络中动态自适应流媒体的优化框架BC-DAS。BC-DAS在ICN网络层提出并实现了基于包对的可用带宽探测算法,在应用层利用马尔科夫决策针对多缓存、多码率的环境作出最优的码率适配。通过实验数据显示,BC-DAS与现有的码率适配技术相比,其整体的用户体验有大幅提升。同时,具体的视频质量指标如启动延迟、平均码率、视频观看卡顿、视频卡顿率都得到了优化。
[Abstract]:The Internet has developed into one of the infrastructure of the information society from the beginning of last century to now. With the development of cloud computing, Internet of things, mobile computing and other technologies, the Internet has penetrated into the economy, military, technology, news, education and other fields. In China, for example, the number of Internet users reached 731 million as of December 2016, up nearly seven times from 2005, according to the China Internet Development Statistics report. At the same time, the diversification of information demand also increases, which brings different demands to the network. The network has changed from the initial data transmission to the information infrastructure platform which integrates transmission, storage and operation. Therefore, the TCP/IP Internet architecture with IP as the core and information transmission as its purpose is becoming more and more difficult to meet the needs of the development of services. However, the patched technology such as the content distribution network (CDN) makes the TCP/IP network more and more complex. It is difficult to solve many problems such as expansibility, dynamic, security and so on. In recent years, researchers have proposed the information center network Information-Centric Networking (ICNs), a new future network architecture. ICN has the characteristics of data identification, cache in the network, good mobility and so on. Routing communication using address-independent data identity is very suitable for mainstream applications such as video distribution and new mobile applications such as the Internet of things and the network of cars etc. This communication paradigm of content and address decoupling is very suitable for the mainstream applications such as video distribution and so on. Service is the most fundamental embodiment of Internet value. How to achieve efficient service delivery in a new network architecture will be the key to large-scale practical deployment of ICN. At present, Web is the basic service of Internet, and video service is the main consumer of Internet bandwidth. Therefore, this paper will focus on these two types of specific services, the main contributions include the following three aspects: 1) Web services in the ICN to provide the problem, Based on the open source Content-Centric Networking protocol stack CCNx and the open source Tomcat package, this paper proposes and realizes that the Web service container CCNxTomcat.CCNxTomcat for ICN can run on TCP/IP network and ICN simultaneously. Supports smooth migration of services during network evolution. Compared with existing technology, CCNX Tomcat can support higher concurrent users and lower access latency. At the same time, we also deploy CCNxTomcat on the ICN test platform of campus network. Users can access the Web application in ICN through browser. This is of great significance for the practical promotion of ICN. A dynamic request cache ccncache.ccncache for ICN oriented Web server is proposed and implemented, which is composed of count Bloom filter, dictionary tree and hopping list. It is a low latency and high concurrency ICN packet cache. We integrated ccncache into CCNxTomcat and deployed it in the testing environment of the campus network. The experimental data show that compared with the existing cache technology, the query time is reduced by 2.5 times. (3) aiming at the user experience problem of ICN dynamic adaptive streaming media, In this paper, an optimization framework of dynamic adaptive streaming media in ICN wireless networks, BC-DAS.BC-DAS, is proposed and implemented in the ICN network layer. The available bandwidth detection algorithm based on packet pairs is proposed and implemented. In the application layer, Markov decision is used for multi-cache. The multi-rate environment makes the optimal bit-rate adaptation. The experimental data show that the BC-DAS has greatly improved its overall user experience compared with the existing bit-rate adaptation technology. At the same time, the specific video quality indicators such as startup delay, average bit rate, video viewing rate, and video rate are optimized.
【学位授予单位】：北京邮电大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP393.09

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